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21 pages, 39456 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Surface Roughening Behavior and Mechanism in Aluminum Alloy Under Tensile Deformation

by Xiang Zeng, Shaoming Xu, Zhongbao Mi, Leheng Huang, Xuefeng Xu, Yubin Fan, Jiawen Yu, Xiaoguang Fan, Xiaoxiao Chen and Qiqi Tu

Materials 2024, 17(23), 5911; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17235911 - 3 Dec 2024

Viewed by 963

Abstract

Surface roughening (SR) has been found to occur in solid solution 2219 aluminum alloy under tensile deformation, which will deteriorate its surface quality. To make a precise study of the surface roughening (SR) behavior and mechanism, the surface morphology of annealed and solid solution 2219 aluminum alloy was compared and crystal plasticity finite element (CPFE) simulation was carried out in this study. Thereinto, representative volume element (RVE) models of polycrystals were established according to the initial grain morphology measured by electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD). The results show that the surface roughening degree of the solid solution specimen is worse than that of annealed specimen after uniaxial tension deformation. In comparison with the annealed specimen, the grains show a larger size after solid solution treatment, thus resulting in the coarse surface to a certain extent. Moreover, texture type and density also have a significant influence on surface roughness. The rotation of grains with an S and Copper orientation intensifies the surface roughening during tensile deformation. The deformation difficulty of Goss texture in the normal direction (ND) and tangential direction (TD) varies, thus contributing to the different surface morphology. The research results will provide guidance for the improvement of the surface quality of high-strength aluminum alloy aerospace components. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Precision Manufacturing Technology)

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18 pages, 3731 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Some Issues with Statistical Crystal Plasticity Models: Description of the Effects Triggered in FCC Crystals by Loading with Strain-Path Changes

by Alexey Shveykin, Kirill Romanov and Peter Trusov

Materials 2022, 15(19), 6586; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15196586 - 22 Sep 2022

Cited by 7 | Viewed by 1808

Abstract

The justification of the applicability of constitutive models to exploring technological processes requires a detailed analysis of their performance when they are used to describe loadings including the complex loading mode that is characteristic of these processes. This paper considers the effect of equivalent stress overshooting after the strain-path changes known to occur in metals and alloys. The macrophenomenological and multilevel models, which are based on crystal plasticity, account for this effect by applying anisotropic yield criteria at the macro- and mesolevels, respectively. We introduce a two-level constitutive statistical inelastic deformation model (identified for aluminum) that incorporates the popular simple phenomenological anisotropic hardening law for describing the behavior of FCC polycrystals. The results of the numerical simulation are in satisfactory agreement with existing experimental data. Statistical analysis of the motion of a mesostress in the stress space on the crystallite yield surface is performed. The obtained data are compared with the results found using the isotropic hardening law. The results clarify the simulation details of statistical crystal plasticity models under loading with strain-path changes in materials and demonstrate their suitability for describing the processes under consideration. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Plasticity, Damage, and Fracture for Lightweight High-Strength Metals)

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10 pages, 6400 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Surface Roughening Behavior of the 6063-T4 Aluminum Alloy during Quasi-in Situ Uniaxial Stretching

by Yang Cai, Xiaosong Wang and Yan Du

Materials 2022, 15(18), 6265; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15186265 - 9 Sep 2022

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1892

Abstract

Owing to orange-peel defects, the industrial application of light alloy structural members is significantly restricted. In this study, a quasi-in situ axial tensile experiment was conducted on a 6063-T4 aluminum alloy sample. The surface morphology and microstructure evolution of the tagged area were scanned simultaneously using laser scanning confocal microscopy and electron backscattered diffraction, and the surface roughening behavior of the polycrystal aluminum alloy surface, caused by deformation, was quantitatively analyzed. As the concave–convex features at the surface appear in pairs with increasing global strain, the width of the concave features increases, whereas that of the convex features decreases gradually, resulting in the initially increasing surface roughness, which subsequently remains unchanged. During the stretching process, the small-sized grains in the 37~102 μm range show weak strain localization and the highest coordination of deformation. The deformation mode of medium-sized grains in the 114–270 μm range tends to grain deflection, and others tend to slip. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mechanical Behavior of Advanced Engineering Materials)

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13 pages, 4182 KiB

Open AccessFeature PaperArticle

Crystal Plasticity Modeling and Experimental Validation with an Orientation Distribution Function for Ti-7Al Alloy

by Pınar Acar, Ali Ramazani and Veera Sundararaghavan

Metals 2017, 7(11), 459; https://doi.org/10.3390/met7110459 - 28 Oct 2017

Cited by 37 | Viewed by 5719

Abstract

An orientation distribution function based model is used for micromechanical modeling of the titanium-aluminum alloys, Ti-0 wt % Al and Ti-7 wt % Al, which are in demand for many aerospace applications. This probability descriptor based modeling approach is different than crystal plasticity finite element techniques since it computes the averaged material properties using upper bound averaging. A rate-independent single-crystal plasticity model is implemented to compute the effect of macroscopic strain on the polycrystal. An optimization problem is defined for calibrating the basal, prismatic, pyramidal slip system and twin parameters using the available tension and compression experimental data. The crystal plasticity parameters of Ti-7 wt % Al are not studied extensively in literature, and therefore the optimization results for the crystal plasticity model realization produce unique data, which will be beneficial to future studies in the field. The sensitivities of the slip and twin parameters to the design objectives are also investigated to identify the most critical slip system parameters. Using the optimum design parameters, the microstructural textures, during the tension test, are predicted by the crystal plasticity finite element simulations, and compared to the available experimental texture and scanning electron microscope—digital image correlation data. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microstructure based Modeling of Metallic Materials)

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