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Different land parcels possess unique microclimates, soils, and biological conditions, which in turn significantly influence the land parcels themselves, impacting biodiversity, hydrological relationships, land degradation, geological disasters, and other ecological environments. Therefore, researching an efficient and accurate method capable of extracting land parcels with the least internal heterogeneity at the macro, meso, and micro scales is extremely important. Multi-scale segmentation, based on scale and resolution analysis techniques, is a bottom-up merging technology that minimizes internal heterogeneity within regions and maximizes heterogeneity between different units. This approach is extensively applied in multi-scale spectral feature extraction and classification and is further combined with deep learning techniques to enhance the accuracy of image classification. This study, using Xinghai County in Qinghai Province as an example, employs multi-scale segmentation and hydrological analysis methods to extract land parcels at different spatial scales. The results show (1) that the land parcels extracted using the hydrological analysis method are catchment units centered around rivers, including slopes on both sides of the river. In contrast, multi-scale segmentation extracts regions comprising land parcels with similar properties, enabling the segregation of slopes and channels into independent units. (2) At a classification threshold of 19, multi-scale segmentation divides the study area into five different types of land parcels, reflecting the heterogeneity of terrain undulations and their hydrological connections. When the classification threshold is set to 31, the study area is divided into 15 types of land parcels, primarily highlighting micro-topographic features. (3) Multi-scale segmentation can merge and categorize areas with the least heterogeneity in land parcels, facilitating subsequent statistical analysis. Therefore, mesoscale land parcels extracted through multi-scale segmentation are invaluable for analyzing regional Earth surface processes such as soil erosion, sediment distribution and transportation. Microscale land parcels are significantly important for identifying high-risk areas in relation to geological disasters like landslides and collapses. Full article

Rural industrialization is one of the core drivers of urban and rural spatial evolution and economic transformation in China. Given the background of stock and reduction planning, the development of rural industrial land, which has long relied on land inputs to increase production and inefficient expansion, is facing severe constraints and challenges. How to improve the spatial performance of rural industrial land and promote industrial upgrading and intensive land use have become vital issues for the healthy development of rural areas. This paper draws upon smart shrinkage theory to provide an analytical framework for the intensive-use-oriented performance evaluation of rural industrial land, unlike the evaluation method of efficiency orientation for industrial land, which emphasizes the core goal of the input and output of production factors per unit area. Based on the analysis framework, this study explored the parcel-microscale performance evaluation methods for rural industrial land, and the evaluation index system construction covers the four dimensions of economic performance, social performance, ecological performance, and land use structure performance. Wujiang District of Suzhou City was used as a case study to carry out a comprehensive performance evaluation and analyze the differences in RILP in space and industry. Based on the evaluation results, the key problems of rural industrial land were identified, and corresponding optimization strategies for rural industrial land are proposed from the aspects of land use control, spatial agglomeration, and industrial upgrading. This study intended to address the current major national strategic needs and solve the real dilemmas faced in the process of rural industrial land development. It is hoped that the study will provide a theoretical reference for the transformation of rural industrial land and policy-making for rural revitalization. Full article

Many academics, urban planners and policymakers subscribe to the benefits of implementing the concept of the 15-Minute City (FMC) in metropolises across the globe. Despite the interest raised by the concept, and other variants of chrono-urbanism, to date, only a few studies have evaluated cities from the FMC perspective. Most studies on the subject also lack a proper well-defined methodology that can properly assess FMC conditions. In this context, this study contributes to the development of an appropriate FMC-measuring method by using network analysis for services and activities in the City of Barcelona (Catalonia, northeastern Spain). By using network analyst and basing our analysis on cadastral parcels, this study is able to detail the overall accessibility conditions of the city and its urban social functions based on the FMC perspective. The resulting spatial synthetic index is enhanced with the creation of partial indexes measuring the impact of education, provisioning, entertainment, public and non-motorized transport, and care facilities. The results show that most residents of this dense and compact city live in areas with proximity to services, that can clearly be labeled as FMC, although there are some shortfalls in peripheral areas. Results validate the FMC methodology as a viable method to highlight spatial inequalities at the microscale level, a valuable tool for the development of effective planning policies. Full article