Search Results (3)

Here, research on seed-borne virus diseases of cool-season pulses caused by bean yellow mosaic virus (BYMV) in Australia’s grain cropping regions since the 1940s is reviewed. A historical approach is taken towards all past studies involving the main cool-season pulse crops grown, lupin, faba bean, field pea, lentil and chickpea, and the minor ones, narbon bean, vetches and Lathyrus species. The main emphasis adopted is on describing what these studies revealed concerning BYMV biology, epidemiology and management. The field and glasshouse experimentation that enabled the development of effective phytosanitary, cultural and host resistance control strategies, supported by many image illustrations from past investigations, is emphasized. This review commences by providing brief background information and describing past studies on BYMV symptom and sequence variants, and alternative BYMV hosts. Next, as the lupin/BYMV pathosystem has been investigated in much greater depth than any other cool season pulse/BYMV pathosystem combination in Australia, what past studies using it have found is covered considerable detail under a series of nine different sub-headings. Finally, what is known about the less thoroughly investigated cool-season pulse/BYMV pathosystems, especially those involving faba bean, field pea and lentil, is reviewed under seven different sub-headings. Recommendations are provided concerning future research priorities. Full article

Legumes play an essential role in sustainable agriculture due to their ability to fix nitrogen and high protein content. Vicia is a relevant genus of the Fabaceae family that includes important crop species, such as V. faba and V. sativa, but also other species considered minor crops. They are mainly used as animal feed and usually cope resiliently with extreme conditions; therefore, they could play an essential role in sustainable agriculture under the present scenario of climate change and growing population. However, the scarcity of commercial cultivars limits their use. The Spanish National Plant Genetic Resources Center has collections of several species of the genus Vicia, including international landraces, which could be an essential source of biodiversity for breeding programs. These seed resources are underutilized due to the limited availability of characterization data, including the lack of molecular markers for these species. In this study, we analyzed the cross-transferability of SSR (simple sequence repeat) molecular markers from V. sativa and V. ervilia to distinct species of the genus Vicia. We also used heterologous validated markers for the genotypic characterization and genetic diversity analysis of almost 500 accessions of three undercharacterized Vicia collections: V. articulata (one-flower vetch), V. ervilia (bitter vetch), and V. narbonensis (narbon bean or French vetch). Subsequently, these molecular data were integrated with passport and agromorphological data to select representative varieties from these Vicia collections and establish core collections, with minimum loss of genetic diversity versus the Spanish total collections. The characterization of these legume collections is an essential step from an economic and ecological point of view to obtain selected Vicia varieties to be used in sustainable agriculture. Full article

Here, we review the research undertaken since the 1950s in Australia’s grain cropping regions on seed-borne virus diseases of cool-season pulses caused by alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV) and cucumber mosaic virus (CMV). We present brief background information about the continent’s pulse industry, virus epidemiology, management principles and future threats to virus disease management. We then take a historical approach towards all past investigations with these two seed-borne pulse viruses in the principal cool-season pulse crops grown: chickpea, faba bean, field pea, lentil, narrow-leafed lupin and white lupin. With each pathosystem, the main focus is on its biology, epidemiology and management, placing particular emphasis on describing field and glasshouse experimentation that enabled the development of effective phytosanitary, cultural and host resistance control strategies. Past Australian cool-season pulse investigations with AMV and CMV in the less commonly grown species (vetches, narbon bean, fenugreek, yellow and pearl lupin, grass pea and other Lathyrus species) and those with the five less important seed-borne pulse viruses also found (broad bean stain virus, broad bean true mosaic virus, broad bean wilt virus, cowpea mild mottle virus and peanut mottle virus) are also summarized. The need for future research is emphasized, and recommendations are made regarding what is required. Full article