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Keywords = mental heath

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12 pages, 319 KiB  
Article
Quality of Life and Clinical Impairment in Spanish Adolescent Anorexia Nervosa Patients
by Marie-Carmen Neipp, Álvaro Ruiz, Javier Manchón, Eva León-Zarceño, María José Quiles and Yolanda Quiles
Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2024, 14(5), 1425-1436; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe14050094 - 15 May 2024
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1585
Abstract
Eating disorders have serious physical, mental and social consequences that can affect the quality of life of the sufferer. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between the severity of ED-related psychopathology and clinical impairment in adolescents with anorexia nervosa (AN) as well [...] Read more.
Eating disorders have serious physical, mental and social consequences that can affect the quality of life of the sufferer. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between the severity of ED-related psychopathology and clinical impairment in adolescents with anorexia nervosa (AN) as well as their perception of health-related quality of life. Eighty-six Spanish young women with AN completed a set of questionnaires assessing eating disorder pathology, clinical impairment, and quality of life. The set included the following instruments: the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire, Clinical Impairment Assessment, Short Form-12 Item Health Survey, and the Eating Disorder-Specific Heath-Related Quality of Life instrument. Descriptive and regression analyses were applied to identify associations between variables. Higher scores on clinical impairment domains were associated with greater impairment of mental and physical health. Moreover, clinical impairment domains and concerns due to ED were related to a lower quality of life. In conclusion, adolescents with AN have a poor quality of life. Moreover, the findings suggest that the clinical features of impairment may serve as severity indicators of quality of life. Full article
7 pages, 284 KiB  
Brief Report
Phase Angle as a Marker of Physical Function in Non-Sarcopenic Rheumatoid Arthritis
by Hae-Yeon Park, Jong In Lee, Yune-Jung Park and Seong Hoon Lim
Medicina 2024, 60(3), 355; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina60030355 - 21 Feb 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1778
Abstract
Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease. Most patients with RA face a barrier to participation in social activities or exercise due to joint pain, despite the beneficial effects of exercise and physical activity. Thus, RA may be a [...] Read more.
Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease. Most patients with RA face a barrier to participation in social activities or exercise due to joint pain, despite the beneficial effects of exercise and physical activity. Thus, RA may be a risk factor for sarcopenia in the clinical field. Bioelectrical impedance analysis-derived phase angle (PhA) reflects cellular health and is correlated with the prognosis of various diseases. However, its association with physical function in non-sarcopenic RA female patients remains unclear. We evaluated the association between PhA values and various physical function measures in female patients with non-sarcopenic RA. Methods: Thirty-five participants with RA were screened. One met the criteria for sarcopenia. Finally, 34 patients with non-sarcopenic RA were enrolled. This cross-sectional retrospective study evaluated upper- and lower-extremity strengths, cross-sectional area of rectus femoris, 6 min walking test, Borg scale score, sit-to-stand test, and physical function and mental health from 36-Item Short Form Health Survey scores. Results: In total, 34 female participants (mean age = 49.74 ± 8.15 years) were enrolled. In non-sarcopenic RA patients, PhA was significantly correlated with BMI and ASM/(height)2. Multicollinearity was not detected among the independent variables (VIF < 5). The final multivariable regression model identified ASM/height2 as a significant predictor of PhA among non-sarcopenic RA patients. Conclusion: Multivariable linear regression analyses identified appendicular skeletal muscle mass as a significant predictor of PhA. Bioelectrical impedance analysis-derived PhA is a valuable guidance tool for RA management. PhA can be a useful clinical biomarker of muscle status in non-sarcopenic RA patients. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Rheumatoid Arthritis)
12 pages, 270 KiB  
Article
Witnessing Sexual Harassment and Associated Substance Use and Poor Mental Health Outcomes among Adolescent Girls in the US
by Elizabeth Reed, Marissa Salazar, Alma I. Behar, Niloufar Agah, Alice L. Wong, Jay G. Silverman, Melanie L. A. Rusch and Anita Raj
Adolescents 2023, 3(3), 478-489; https://doi.org/10.3390/adolescents3030034 - 2 Aug 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2600
Abstract
Direct experiences of sexual harassment have been found to be associated with substance use and poor mental health among girls. Indirect experiences, such as witnessing the sexual harassment of others, may be indicative of a climate supportive of sexual harassment against girls and [...] Read more.
Direct experiences of sexual harassment have been found to be associated with substance use and poor mental health among girls. Indirect experiences, such as witnessing the sexual harassment of others, may be indicative of a climate supportive of sexual harassment against girls and elicit similar adverse outcomes. The current study sought to assess reports of witnessing sexual harassment and associations with substance use and mental heath outcomes among adolescent girls. The data were from questionnaires among girls (n = 152) ages 15–19 recruited from a health clinic serving a low-resource community in San Diego County. Using crude and adjusted regression models, we assessed witnessing the sexual harassment of girls (past year) as well as the frequency of witnessing such acts in relation to substance use, anxiety, depression, and suicidal ideation. The adjusted models included demographics and direct experiences of sexual harassment (past 6 months) as covariates. The participants had an average age of 17, and 76% were Latina. The majority (70%) reported witnessing sexual harassment (past year); 65% reported directly experiencing sexual harassment (past 6 months). Among those reporting witnessing, most witnessed sexual harassment at school (69%), at a party (45%), in their neighborhood (34%), or on public transport (33%). In adjusted logistic regression models, witnessing sexual harassment was significantly associated with past 30-day alcohol use, ever using drugs, feeling depressed (past 30 days), feeling anxious (past 30 days), and past-year suicidal ideation (ORs range 2.9–18.2). The findings suggest that, in addition to direct experiences of sexual harassment, indirect experiences of witnessing the sexual harassment of others may also be associated with negative outcomes regarding girls’ health and well-being. Full article
(This article belongs to the Collection Featured Research in Adolescent Health)
15 pages, 1417 KiB  
Article
Making Progress Monitoring Easier and More Motivating: Developing a Client Data Collection App Incorporating User-Centered Design and Behavioral Economics Insights
by Heather J. Nuske, Jacqueline E. Buck, Brinda Ramesh, Emily M. Becker-Haimes, Kelly Zentgraf and David S. Mandell
Soc. Sci. 2022, 11(3), 106; https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci11030106 - 3 Mar 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 5128
Abstract
Data collection is an important component of evidence-based behavioral interventions for children with autism, but many one-to-one aides (i.e., behavioral support staff) do not systemically collect quantitative data that are necessary for best-practice client progress monitoring. Data collection of clients’ behaviors often involves [...] Read more.
Data collection is an important component of evidence-based behavioral interventions for children with autism, but many one-to-one aides (i.e., behavioral support staff) do not systemically collect quantitative data that are necessary for best-practice client progress monitoring. Data collection of clients’ behaviors often involves labor-intensive pen-and-paper practices. In addition, the solitary nature of one-to-one work limits opportunities for timely supervisor feedback, potentially reducing motivation to collect data. We incorporated principles from behavioral economics and user-centered design to develop a phone-based application, Footsteps, to address these challenges. We interviewed nine one-to-one aides working with children with autism and seven supervisors to ask for their app development ideas. We then developed the Footsteps app prototype and tested the prototype with 10 one-to-one aides and supervisors through three testing cycles. At each cycle, one-to-one aides rated app usability. Participants provided 76 discrete suggestions for improvement, including 29 new app features (e.g., behavior timer), 20 feature modifications (e.g., numeric type-in option for behavior frequency), four flow modifications (e.g., deleting a redundant form), and 23 out-of-scope suggestions. Of the participants that tested the app, 90% rated usability as good or excellent. Results support continuing to develop Footsteps and testing its impact in a clinical trial. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Technological Approaches for the Treatment of Mental Health in Youth)
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12 pages, 285 KiB  
Review
The Role of Blue and Green Exercise in Planetary Health and Well-Being
by Nuno Loureiro, Luís Calmeiro, Adilson Marques, Diego Gomez-Baya and Margarida Gaspar de Matos
Sustainability 2021, 13(19), 10829; https://doi.org/10.3390/su131910829 - 29 Sep 2021
Cited by 18 | Viewed by 7077
Abstract
The World Health Organization (WHO) recognizes that health and well-being are essential to achieving the United Nations (UN) Development Agenda 2030, which includes the goal of empowering people to adopt active lifestyles while protecting the planet’s health. This article aims at exploring how [...] Read more.
The World Health Organization (WHO) recognizes that health and well-being are essential to achieving the United Nations (UN) Development Agenda 2030, which includes the goal of empowering people to adopt active lifestyles while protecting the planet’s health. This article aims at exploring how exercise performed in different natural settings can contribute to improving health and to a more sustainable world. We define “exercise” as a form of physical activity undertaken to increase fitness, health, and well-being, and argue for the importance of “green” and “blue” exercise as forms of physical activity that are associated with the protection and sustainability of natural settings and the promotion of planetary health. Blue and green exercise should become a focus of public policies, especially when outdoor activities are being identified as fundamental for the promotion of mental, physical, social, and spiritual health. The current paper intends to raise the awareness of political decision-makers and professionals in education, environment, and heath sectors for the potential of green and blue exercise as specific exercise practices that are healthy, joyful, and environmentally friendly. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sport Psychology and Sustainable Health and Well-being)
10 pages, 706 KiB  
Article
Twelve Weeks of Strengthening Exercise for Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Prospective Intervention Study
by Bomi Sul, Kyoung Bo Lee, Young Bin Joo, Bo Young Hong, Joon-Sung Kim, Ki-Jo Kim, Kyung-Su Park, Yune-Jung Park and Seong Hoon Lim
J. Clin. Med. 2020, 9(9), 2792; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9092792 - 29 Aug 2020
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 7352
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients may benefit from exercise for several reasons. However, whole-limb strengthening exercises for such patients remain poorly studied. We hypothesized that systemic strength training that includes the upper and lower extremities would improve strength per se and enhance the quality [...] Read more.
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients may benefit from exercise for several reasons. However, whole-limb strengthening exercises for such patients remain poorly studied. We hypothesized that systemic strength training that includes the upper and lower extremities would improve strength per se and enhance the quality of life. Here, we investigated the effects of 12 weeks of upper- and lower-limb strengthening exercise on the strength and quality of life of RA patients using the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health model. This was a prospective, interventional controlled trial. Forty female RA patients were recruited and assigned to two groups not based on willingness to exercise, with 20 patients in the exercise group and 20 in the control group. All patients in the exercise group received once-weekly training sessions of 60 min over 12 weeks. All participants were assessed before and after the 12-week intervention period. We measured the hand grip strength and isometric quadriceps contraction, the cross-sectional area of the rectus femoris (CSA-RF) (via ultrasonography), and performed the 30 s sit-to-stand test and the 6 min walk test (6MWT). We derived the Borg scale score after the 6MWT and assessed the extent of social participation and quality of life using a Korean version of the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36). A total of 35 subjects completed the experiment (18 in the exercise group, 17 in the control group). After the 12-week intervention period, the lower-limb strength and the CSA-RF were significantly increased in the exercise group. The activity level did not change significantly in either group. The exercise group exhibited significant improvements in the SF-36 mental health domain scores. Thus, strengthening exercise is useful for patients with RA. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Rheumatoid Arthritis: Pathogenesis, Diagnosis and Therapies)
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12 pages, 381 KiB  
Article
Insomnia in Schizophrenia Patients: Prevalence and Quality of Life
by David Batalla-Martín, Angel Belzunegui-Eraso, Eva Miralles Garijo, Elena Martínez Martín, Rosanna Romaní Garcia, Jacobo San Miguel Heras, Marina Lopez-Ruiz and Maria Antonia Martorell-Poveda
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17(4), 1350; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17041350 - 19 Feb 2020
Cited by 42 | Viewed by 6707
Abstract
Sleep disorders are often not regarded as an important health problem, despite their impact on heath. Insomnia is the most frequent sleep disorder in mental health. The aim is to quantify the prevalence of insomnia in a population with schizophrenic disorder and assess [...] Read more.
Sleep disorders are often not regarded as an important health problem, despite their impact on heath. Insomnia is the most frequent sleep disorder in mental health. The aim is to quantify the prevalence of insomnia in a population with schizophrenic disorder and assess its influence on quality of life. This is a descriptive, analytical and cross-sectional study conducted in a sample of 267 schizophrenic patients over 18 years of age using consecutive non-probabilistic sampling. The variables of interest were collected by means of the "Cuestionario Oviedo de Sueño," "Insomnia Severity Index" and EuqoQol-5D. The estimation of insomnia in our schizophrenic population according to the International Classification of Disease (ICD-10) criteria was 23.2%. The likelihood of insomnia when there are problems in the quality of life is significant in all its dimensions: mobility OR: 3.54 (95% CI 1.88– 6.65), self-care OR: 2.69 (95% CI 1.36–5.32), usual activities OR: 3.56 (95% CI 1.97–6.44), pain/discomfort OR: 4.29 (95% CI 2.37–7.74) and anxiety/depression OR: 3.01 (95% CI 1.61–5.65). The prevalence of insomnia fluctuates depending on the diagnostic criteria; however, the schizophrenic population shows high prevalence in some clinical characteristics. People with insomnia have a lower quality of life. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cognitive and Emotional Effects of Sleep Deprivation)
12 pages, 741 KiB  
Article
Water Exercise and Quality of Life in Pregnancy: A Randomised Clinical Trial
by Raquel Rodríguez-Blanque, María José Aguilar-Cordero, Ana Eugenia Marín-Jiménez, María José Menor-Rodríguez, Maria Montiel-Troya and Juan Carlos Sánchez-García
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17(4), 1288; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17041288 - 17 Feb 2020
Cited by 25 | Viewed by 12665
Abstract
Background: Physical exercise helps to maintain a healthy lifestyle and its practice is recommended for women during pregnancy as a means of limiting the negative effects on the body that may take place and to optimise well-being, mood and sleep patterns, as [...] Read more.
Background: Physical exercise helps to maintain a healthy lifestyle and its practice is recommended for women during pregnancy as a means of limiting the negative effects on the body that may take place and to optimise well-being, mood and sleep patterns, as well as encouraging daily physical activity, enhancing the ability to work and preventing pregnancy-related complications. Aim: To analyse the quality of life in pregnancy for women who complete a programme of moderate physical activity in water, following a designed method that the woman can perform physical exercise safely during pregnancy called the SWEP (study of water exercise during pregnancy) method. Materials and methods: A randomised clinical trial was performed. One hundred and twenty-nine pregnant women were randomly assigned either to an exercise class following the SWEP method (EG, n = 65) or to a control group (CG, n = 64). The trial began in week 20 of pregnancy (May 2016) and ended in week 37 (October 2016). Heath-related quality of life (HRQoL) was evaluated with the SF36v2 health questionnaire at weeks 12 and 35 of pregnancy. Results: The HRQoL score decreased significantly between weeks 12 and 35 of gestation, except for the mental health component, which in the CG fell by −3.28 points and in the EG increased slightly (p > 0.05). Among the CG, the score for the mental health component at week 35 was ≤42, indicating a positive screening risk of depression (39.20 ± 4.16). Conclusions: Physical activity programmes in water, such as SWEP, enhance the HRQoL of pregnant women. Full article
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13 pages, 719 KiB  
Article
Improving the Living, Learning, and Thriving of Young Black Men: A Conceptual Framework for Reflection and Projection
by Daphne C. Watkins
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2019, 16(8), 1331; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16081331 - 13 Apr 2019
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 6070
Abstract
Black men experience disproportionate mental health challenges due to their exposure to severe psychosocial stressors. Yet, the mental health challenges of Black men have largely been left out of national conversations. Strong theoretical frameworks are important when generating dialogue about the mental health [...] Read more.
Black men experience disproportionate mental health challenges due to their exposure to severe psychosocial stressors. Yet, the mental health challenges of Black men have largely been left out of national conversations. Strong theoretical frameworks are important when generating dialogue about the mental health of Black men, as it helps to validate the work on a larger scale while also grounding the work for more practical use. This paper presents the conceptual framework for a five-year initiative aimed at improving the living, learning, and thriving of young Black men through a social media intervention that improves their mental health, expands their definitions of manhood, and helps them to engage in social support. The Young, Black Men, Masculinities, and Mental Health (YBMen) project is a social media-based, health promotion program that targets mental health (e.g., depressive symptoms), masculine norms (e.g., definitions of manhood), and social support for young Black men using culturally-sensitive, age-appropriate, and gender-specific popular culture. The YBMen project has been successfully implemented with over 150+ Black men since 2014; findings demonstrate improved mental health outcomes, progressive definitions of manhood, and stronger social relationships. Reflections from the past and projections for the future are discussed. Full article
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