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Keywords = membranous glomerulonephritis (MGN)

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13 pages, 7340 KiB  
Article
CD73 Overexpression in Podocytes: A Novel Marker of Podocyte Injury in Human Kidney Disease
by Zoran V. Popovic, Felix Bestvater, Damir Krunic, Bernhard K. Krämer, Raoul Bergner, Christian Löffler, Berthold Hocher, Alexander Marx and Stefan Porubsky
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22(14), 7642; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22147642 - 16 Jul 2021
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 3495
Abstract
The CD73 pathway is an important anti-inflammatory mechanism in various disease settings. Observations in mouse models suggested that CD73 might have a protective role in kidney damage; however, no direct evidence of its role in human kidney disease has been described to date. [...] Read more.
The CD73 pathway is an important anti-inflammatory mechanism in various disease settings. Observations in mouse models suggested that CD73 might have a protective role in kidney damage; however, no direct evidence of its role in human kidney disease has been described to date. Here, we hypothesized that podocyte injury in human kidney diseases alters CD73 expression that may facilitate the diagnosis of podocytopathies. We assessed the expression of CD73 and one of its functionally important targets, the C-C chemokine receptor type 2 (CCR2), in podocytes from kidney biopsies of 39 patients with podocytopathy (including focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), minimal change disease (MCD), membranous glomerulonephritis (MGN) and amyloidosis) and a control group. Podocyte CD73 expression in each of the disease groups was significantly increased in comparison to controls (p < 0.001–p < 0.0001). Moreover, there was a marked negative correlation between CD73 and CCR2 expression, as confirmed by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence (Pearson r = −0.5068, p = 0.0031; Pearson r = −0.4705, p = 0.0313, respectively), thus suggesting a protective role of CD73 in kidney injury. Finally, we identify CD73 as a novel potential diagnostic marker of human podocytopathies, particularly of MCD that has been notorious for the lack of pathological features recognizable by light microscopy and immunohistochemistry. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Molecular Mechanisms of Kidney Injury and Repair)
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14 pages, 2752 KiB  
Article
RETRACTED: Role of Serum and Urine Biomarkers (PLA2R and THSD7A) in Diagnosis, Monitoring and Prognostication of Primary Membranous Glomerulonephritis
by Sadiq Mu’azu Maifata, Rafidah Hod, Fadhlina Zakaria and Fauzah Abd Ghani
Biomolecules 2020, 10(2), 319; https://doi.org/10.3390/biom10020319 - 17 Feb 2020
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 3387 | Retraction
Abstract
Differentiating primary and secondary membranous glomerulonephritis (MGN) using biomarkers for MGN is essential in patients’ diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Although biopsy has been the primary tool in making the diagnosis, not all patients can withstand it due to its invasive nature, and it [...] Read more.
Differentiating primary and secondary membranous glomerulonephritis (MGN) using biomarkers for MGN is essential in patients’ diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Although biopsy has been the primary tool in making the diagnosis, not all patients can withstand it due to its invasive nature, and it cannot be used to monitor treatment. Hence, there is the need for less invasive or even non-invasive biomarkers for effective diagnosis, treatment monitoring and prognostication. This study aimed at providing an alternative way of differentiating primary and secondary MGN using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique for serum and urine biomarkers (M-type phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R) and thrombospondin type-1 domain-containing 7A (THSD7A)) for prompt diagnosis, treatment and prognosis. A total of 125 subjects, including 81 primary and 44 secondary MGN subjects, were diagnosed from January 2012 to October 2019 at Hospital Serdang and Hospital Kuala Lumpur from which 69 subjects consisting of 47 primary and 22 secondary MGN subjects participated in the study. Of these, 13 primary MGN subjects were positive for both serum and urine anti-PLA2R antibodies (Ab) whereas only one secondary MGN subject associated with hepatitis B virus was positive for both serum and urine anti-PLA2R Ab. At the same time, anti-THSD7A Ab was found positive in four primary MGN subjects and two secondary MGN subjects with malignancy. Full article
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14 pages, 766 KiB  
Review
Primary Membranous Glomerulonephritis: The Role of Serum and Urine Biomarkers in Patient Management
by Sadiq Mu’azu Maifata, Rafidah Hod, Fadhlina Zakaria and Fauzah Abd Ghani
Biomedicines 2019, 7(4), 86; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines7040086 - 1 Nov 2019
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 4727
Abstract
The detection of phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R) and thrombospondin domain containing 7A THSD7A among primary membranous glomerulonephritis (MGN) patients transformed the diagnosis, treatment monitoring, and prognosis. Anti-PLA2R can be detected in 70–90% of primary MGN patients while anti-THSD7A in [...] Read more.
The detection of phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R) and thrombospondin domain containing 7A THSD7A among primary membranous glomerulonephritis (MGN) patients transformed the diagnosis, treatment monitoring, and prognosis. Anti-PLA2R can be detected in 70–90% of primary MGN patients while anti-THSD7A in 2–3% of anti-PLA2R negative primary MGN patients depending on the technique used. Serum and urine samples are less invasive and non-invasive, respectively, and thus can detect the presence of anti-PLA2R and anti-THSD7A with higher sensitivity and specificity, which is significant in patient monitoring and prognosis. It is better than exposing patients to a frequent biopsy, which is an invasive procedure. Different techniques of detection of PLA2R and THSD7A in patients’ urine and sera were reviewed to provide newer and alternative techniques. We proposed the use of biomarkers (PLA2R and THSD7A) in the diagnosis, treatment decision, and follow-up of patients with primary MGN. In addition, other prognostic renal biomarkers like retinol binding protein (RBP) and beta-2 microglobulin were reviewed to detect the progression of renal damage for early intervention. Full article
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