Search Results (6)

Background. Vasoactive drugs are considered an important therapeutic tool in managing phlebolymphologic disease. The current study was performed to evaluate the results of a high-dose diosmin-based combination (Venoplant 2g) in symptomatic patients with chronic venous disease (CVD), treated with endovascular venous surgery, regarding the efficacy of this treatment and the clinical signs and patients’ compliance. Methods: We identified, between April 2022 and March 2023, 50 patients with symptomatic CVD who underwent endovenous ablation and additionally were administered high-dose micronized diosmin. Parameters analyzed in the pre- and post-operative period were the venous clinical severity score (VCSS), the calf circumference, and a VEINES-QOL/Sym questionnaire. Treatment efficacy was assessed in post-operative follow-ups at 1 month and 2 months. Results: Quality-of-life analysis showed a significant improvement between t1 and t2 in both tests administered (VEINES-QOL/Sym: 55.2 ± 2.9, 39.2 ± 12.3, p: 0.001) (VCSS: 6.6 ± 1, 5.1 ± 0.7, p: 0.001). At the secondary endpoint, the results maintained the same improvement trend. Calf circumference was significantly reduced between t1 and t3 (41.7 ± 5.1, 38.3 ± 3.4, p: 0.001). Conclusion: High-dose diosmin, combined with sweet clover 320 mg, Centella asiatica 40 mg, and Vitamin C 200 mg, in patients treated with endovenous ablation, can be significantly effective in terms of clinical results in treating superficial venous disease. A patient’s calf circumference was also found to have decreased considerably during follow-up. No adverse effects have been recorded to date. Full article

Background: A large amount of sclerosant is needed for the treatment of saphenous vein insufficiency with mechanochemical ablation (MOCA) for three or four veins with chronic venous insufficiency. In addition, what constitutes a safe amount is not clearly defined. In this study, we evaluate the feasibility of the combined endovenous laser and mechanochemical ablation to reduce the amount of sclerosant as compared with mechanochemical ablation monotherapy. Methods: A total of 327 patients diagnosed with superficial vein insufficiency between June 2018 and May 2020 and treated in a single center by one surgeon were evaluated retrospectively. There were 130 patients included who were treated with mechanochemical ablation (MOCA, Group I) and 197 patients who were treated with combined endovenous laser ablation and mechanochemical ablation (EVLA and MOCA, Group II). Results: The amount of sodium tetradecyl sulfate (STD) used per number of limbs was 5.5 ± 2.05 mL in Group I and 4.51 ± 1.2 mL in Group II (p < 0.001). The amount of STD used per number of veins was 4.77 ± 1.91 mL versus 3.12 ± 1.02 mL in Groups I and II, respectively, (p < 0.001). Recanalization rates within 52 weeks were 0% (0/130) in Group I and 5.58% (11/197) in Group II, while after 52 weeks they were 2.31% (3/130) in Group I and 6.60% (13/197) Group II and were not statistically significant. Complications within 4 weeks were 3.84% and 7.11% in Groups I and II, respectively. Conclusions: The results of this study show that combined EVLA and MOCA reduces the amount of sclerosant per the number of veins and legs treated as compared with MOCA monotherapy for three or four veins with chronic venous insufficiency. The combined EVLA and MOCA treatment in patients with three or four varicose veins has few side effects, reduces the amount of sclerotic agent, and can be considered to be an effective treatment method for inducing venous occlusion. Full article

Background: Klippel–Trenaunay syndrome (KTS) is characterized by a triad of symptoms; varicose veins and venous malformations (VMs), capillary malformations (port-wine stain), and soft tissue and bone hypertrophy. Herein, we retrospectively studied six patients with KTS who underwent treatment with the Flebogrif system and evaluated their outcomes. Methods: Six KTS patients aged 16–22 years who had undergone 18 non-thermal ablations using the Flebogrif system were enrolled. All patients underwent multistage foam sclerotherapy with 3% polidocanol at 3–4-week intervals. Results: Venous clinical severity score (VCSS) analysis showed improvement in the patients’ clinical condition. All patients reported a significant improvement in aesthetic outcomes. One patient presented with recanalization of ablated marginal veins during the 24-month follow-up period. Patients could return to full activity within 7–10 days after the procedure. None of the patients experienced serious systemic complications. Conclusion: The use of the Flebogrif system in treating various forms of chronic venous insufficiency, including in patients with KTS, provides a high success rate with a high closure rate. Full article

Non-thermal endovenous ablations, due to the lowest probability of complications, are the new method of treating chronic venous insufficiency—one of the most common diseases globally. The Flebogrif system (Balton Sp. z o.o., Warsaw, Poland) is a new mechano-chemical ablation system causing the mechanical damage of endothelium that allows for better sclerosant penetration into its wall. The purpose of the article is to provide mechanical characteristics in the form of force–displacement dependence for a single cutting element, and a bundle of cutting elements of Flebogrif as a whole for different levels of protrusion of the bundle of cutting elements. A TA.HD plus (Stable Micro Systems, Godalming, UK) analyzer equipped with special handles, was used for characteristics testing. The head movement speed used was 5 mm·s⁻¹. The Flebogrif system was tested for three cutting element protrusion levels: L = L_max, L = 0.9·L_max, and L = 0.8·L_max. Before testing, geometric measurement of the spacing of the cutting elements for three proposed protrusions was performed. It was established that decreasing the working length of the cutting elements will increase their rigidity, and, as a result, increase the force exerted on the internal surface of the vein wall. The obtained characteristics will allow for specifying contact force variability ranges and the corresponding diameter ranges of operated veins. Full article

All-inorganic cesium lead bromine (CsPbBr₃) perovskites have gained a tremendous potential in optoelectronics due to interesting photophysical properties and much better stability than the hybrid counterparts. Although pulsed laser deposition (PLD) is a promising alternative to solvent-based and/or thermal deposition approaches due to its versatility in depositing multi-elemental materials, deep understanding of the implications of both target composition and PLD mechanisms on the properties of CsPbBr₃ films is still missing. In this paper, we deal with thermally assisted preparation of mechano-chemically synthesized CsPbBr₃ ablation targets to grow CsPbBr₃ films by PLD at the fluence 2 J/cm². We study both Cs rich- and stoichiometric PbBr₂-CsBr mixture-based ablation targets and point out compositional deviations of the associated films resulting from the mass distribution of the PLD-generated plasma plume. Contrary to the conventional meaning that PLD guarantees congruent elemental transfer from the target to the substrate, our study demonstrates cation off-stoichiometry of PLD-grown CsPbBr₃ films depending on composition and thermal treatment of the ablation target. The implications of the observed enrichment in the heavier element (Pb) and deficiency in the lighter element (Br) of the PLD-grown films are discussed in terms of optical response and with the perspective of providing operative guidelines and future PLD-deposition strategies of inorganic perovskites. Full article

Sclerotherapy is the chemical occlusion of vessels using an intravenous injection of a liquid or foamed sclerosing agent that is used in the therapy of blood and lymphatic vessels malformations in the young, and for spider veins, smaller varicose veins, hemorrhoids and hydroceles in adults. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of mechanosclerotherapy of venous veins with a new device—Flebogrif^®—based on an animal model. The experiment was performed on nine Polish Merino sheep weighing 40–50 kilograms. The animals were anesthetized intravenously. The material was divided into three groups: two experimental (1 and 2) and control (3) group. The first experimental group was treated with the use of Flebogrif^® and a sclerosant simultaneously, while only Flebogrif^® was used in the second experimental group. Flebogrif^® was applied into the lateral saphenous vein of both pelvic limbs. The vessel wall thickness was estimated at four points of the histological image in mm (V1, V2, V3, V4). For one month, the animals were euthanized, and the occlusion rate of the treated veins and changes in the vein wall were determined. Histological slides were analyzed under a light microscope and histometry of the vein wall was performed. The Shapiro–Wilk test and the quantity of the investigated parameter groups allowed for using a non-parametric method at four points to compare thickness measurements (the Mann–Whitney test), with p < 0.05. The Mann–Whitney test indicated statistically significant differences between both experimental groups. The results obtained from morphometrical and histological analysis showed better results in the first experimental group than those of the second experimental group. Finally, statistical analysis revealed significant differences between the both the experimental group and control group in morphological analysis. The achieved results allowed us to conclude that the simultaneous use of Flebogrif^® and a sclerosant yielded better results of vein lumen reduction than the use of Flebogrif^® alone. Full article