Search Results (7)

In manufacturing and service industries, monitoring processes with correlated input variables and inverse Gaussian (IG)-distributed quality characteristics is challenging due to the limitations of maximum likelihood estimator (MLE)-based control charts. When input variables exhibit multicollinearity, traditional MLE-based inverse Gaussian regression model (IGRM) control charts become unreliable. This study introduces novel Shewhart control charts using Pearson and deviance residuals based on the inverse Gaussian ridge regression (IGRR) model to address this issue. The proposed IGRR-based charts effectively handle multicollinearity, offering a robust alternative for process monitoring. Their performance is evaluated through Monte Carlo simulations using average run length (ARL) as the main criteria, demonstrating that Pearson residual-based IGRR charts outperform deviance residual-based charts and MLE-based methods, particularly under high multicollinearity. A real-world application to a Pakistan air quality dataset confirms their superior sensitivity in detecting pollution spikes, enabling timely environmental negotiations. These findings establish Pearson residual-based IGRR control charts as a practical and reliable tool for monitoring complex processes with correlated variables. Full article

The increasing global emphasis on sustainability necessitates the integration of environmentally responsible practices within supply chains. This study explores the impact of green supply chain management practices (GSCMPs) on firm sustainable performance in Pakistan’s manufacturing and service industries. Unlike prior research, which primarily focuses on the direct impact of GSCMPs, this study advances knowledge by incorporating green technological innovation (GTI) and green managerial innovation (GMI) as mediators and green organizational culture (GOC) as a moderator. The study looks at survey data from 480 industry professionals and uses partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) and multi-group analysis (MGA). It discovers that GSCMPs greatly enhance sustainability outcomes, especially when green innovations are used. Furthermore, the impact of GSCMPs is more pronounced in the manufacturing sector, emphasizing the role of regulatory pressures and technological advancements. This study makes a significant contribution to the literature by integrating post-pandemic sustainability challenges, highlighting industry-specific dynamics, and providing actionable strategies to enhance green supply chain adoption in emerging markets. The study provides applicable strategies for managers and policymakers to embed sustainability deeper into corporate strategies, ensuring resilience and competitive advantages in evolving global markets. Full article

(1) Background: The increasing level of concern over reduction non-renewable resources, global warming, pollution, and social issues has led firms to initiate green and social activities. Furthermore, there is limited empirical evidence on the potential impact of green initiatives, corporate social responsibility (CSR), and reflective moral attentiveness (RMA) on sustainable performance. The purpose of this study was to investigate the mediating effect of reflective moral attentiveness (RMA) on the relationship between green supply-chain-management practices (GSCM) and CSR on sustainable performance. Based on the natural-resource-based view, stakeholder resource-based view, and signaling theory, this study investigated the role of GSCM practices and CSR in sustainable performance using cross-sectional data from the manufacturing and services industries from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province, in Pakistan. (2) Methods: Using a non-probability convenience-sampling method, 500 employees were selected from the firms which are listed on the Pakistan stock exchange (PSE) and questionnaires were distributed. Complete questionnaires were received from 380 employees and used in the analysis, yielding a response rate of 76%. Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) software was used for the confirmatory-factor analysis (CFA) and the testing of the hypotheses. The CFA results revealed the reliability and validity of the questionnaires. (3) Results: The results of the structural model (hypotheses testing) show that four attributes of GSCM practices (internal environmental management, green purchasing, cooperation with customers, and eco-design) have a positive influence on sustainable performance, while investment recovery and CSR were found to be insignificant. Moreover, there were significant and positive influences of GSCM and RMA on sustainable performance. On the other hand, control variables, such as gender, experience, and age, were found to have no significant role in sustainable performance. A further analysis revealed that reflective moral attentiveness mediated the relationship between GSCM, CSR, and sustainable performance. (4) Conclusions/implications: This study has several implications for green services and manufacturing firms specifically and for practitioners, researchers and academics in general. The innovation and novelty of this study lie in its determination of the contribution of RMA, GSCM, and CSR to achieving sustainable performance. Firms can improve their clean production activities by incorporating this model as a strategy. Future studies may add moderators and mediators to explore the impact of CSR and GSCM practices upon sustainability. Full article

The green leadership (GL) concept has significantly gained popularity over the last decade. Consequently, more research has been conducted on this emerging leadership concept, emphasizing leadership styles that promote the green environment so that sustainable goals can be achieved. In the present research, leaders’ emotional intelligence (EI) is positioned as a mediating variable between GL and employees’ green organizational citizenship behavior (GOCB). The data of this research comprised managerial and non-managerial staff from the manufacturing and service industries. A PLS-SEM was used to evaluate the relationship between the various factors among 422 employees. The empirical findings indicated that GL and GOCB had a favorable and robust relationship. The results of the study also suggested that a leader’s EI mediates the influence of green leadership on their employees’ green organizational citizenship behavior. Green leadership is essential in creating sustainable environmental behaviors among employees. It can strengthen leaders’ EI, which successively helps them to garner positivity and foster an environment of mutual harmony and cooperation in the workplace to support pro-environmental policies. Overall, our study contributes to and advances previous studies and shows that green leadership plays a critical role in influencing a leader’s own EI which, in turn, predicts the green OCB of their employees in the workplace. Full article

Natural resources and ecological services provide the foundation for manufactured capital, increasing public financing and decreasing inequality by diversifying the economy. The exploitation of natural resources is frequently the backbone of economic stability in developing and middle-income nations. As a result of their importance, natural resources need vigilant and long-term management. Recent research has tested two hypotheses, the natural resource blessing hypothesis and the natural resource curse hypothesis, on the impact of a country’s natural resources on its economy. This research is an essential contribution to the growing body of work that attempts to quantify natural resource endowments’ role in national economic growth. Investigations focus on Pakistan and span the years 1975 through 2020. Robust Least Square (RLS) estimations show that coal rents, energy use, inbound FDI, and oil rents contribute to a country’s economic growth. While consumption of renewable energy sources and industrial value-added have a detrimental effect. Natural resources, foreign direct investment, energy consumption, and industrial ecology are predicted to significantly impact economic growth during the next decade, according to the Impulse Response Function (IRF) and the Variance Decomposition Analysis (VDA). The findings may provide helpful information for academic and governmental institutions to develop natural resource management policies for sustainable development. Full article

This research examines the interplay of green training, organisational citizenship behaviour toward the environment, top management commitment, and environmental performance in four different industrial units in Pakistan. These units have been implementing environmentally friendly policies and conforming their environmental activities to the regulatory framework of Pakistan’s National Environment Quality Standards in a sustainable manner. In particular, this research aims to ascertain how green training affects organisational citizenship behaviour toward the environment, and to evaluate the impact of top management commitment to environmental performance and green training. According to hypothesis testing results based on 222 key informants randomly recruited from the industry, green training positively relates to civic organisational behaviour toward the environment. In addition, top management commitment is entirely related to environmental performance. In contrast, green training is also positively associated with top management commitment. This study supports the ability motivation opportunity and resource-based view theories by demonstrating that top management commitment is a key factor in encouraging environmental performance and promoting green training that leads to organisational citizenship behaviour toward the environment. This study has several limitations, as the cross-sectional data were only from the manufacturing sector in Pakistan. The researchers strongly suggest that future studies use mixed-method research to understand the phenomenon better. Future researchers could conduct comparative research by using the current instrument in the service sector. Finally, future researchers could use multilevel modelling and potential moderators and mediators to constructively re-examine the model tested in this study by incorporating new variables accordingly. Full article

Background: Migrant workers (MWs) generally perform dangerous jobs and have reduced access to occupational health (OH) care, therefore being prone to developing occupational diseases (OD). The aim of the work is to describe a case series of MWs and report on related outcomes for OH professionals. Methods: A case series of 724 MWs, sent from January 2001 to June 2013 to a public OH unit for OD or fitness-for-work (FFW) evaluation, was entered in a dedicated database and elaborated for descriptive statistics with Microsoft Excel. Results: MWs were mostly (75%) men, with a mean age of 40. They came mainly from Morocco, Senegal, Albania, Romania, and Pakistan. Main sectors of employment were manufacturing, metal industry, services, construction. OD were found in 210 cases, main diagnoses being: Lumbar disc and upper limb musculoskeletal disorders (51%), contact dermatitis (15%), allergic asthma (8%), noise-induced hearing loss (7%), tumors (3%), psychiatric disorders (2%). Moreover, 136 FFW judgements were formulated, with some limitations/restrictions expressed. Finally, a relevant prevalence of some chronic non-occupational diseases was found. Conclusions: MWs in Italy may suffer from OH inequalities. Qualified public OH professionals and occupational physicians in workplaces should have a proactive role to concretely meet MWs’ health needs. Full article