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Search Results (4)

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Keywords = hypnic headache

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22 pages, 1448 KB  
Review
Rare Primary Headaches in Children: A Narrative Review
by Edvige Correnti, Sofia D’Agostino, Federica Cernigliaro, Floriana Ferro, Giulia Manfrè, Caterina Gaspari, Carola Meo, Mariarita Capizzi, Giuseppe Giglia, Vittorio Sciruicchio and Vincenzo Raieli
Biomedicines 2026, 14(2), 291; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines14020291 - 28 Jan 2026
Viewed by 751
Abstract
Headache is a very common disorder in children and adolescents. While migraine and tension headaches are well-known and diagnosed by pediatricians, a group of primary headaches in children, rare in frequency, are poorly understood and likely underestimated by physicians, resulting in delayed diagnosis [...] Read more.
Headache is a very common disorder in children and adolescents. While migraine and tension headaches are well-known and diagnosed by pediatricians, a group of primary headaches in children, rare in frequency, are poorly understood and likely underestimated by physicians, resulting in delayed diagnosis and treatment. This review aims to provide an updated overview of these clinical forms, considering new evidence. We will present the main clinical, therapeutic, and pathophysiological aspects and possible future hypotheses, with specific reference to pediatric cases of the following clinical forms: cough headache, thunderclap headache, cold headache, primary stabbing headache, nummular headache, hypnic headache, red ear syndrome, and non-odontogenic orofacial pain. These clinical forms currently pose a major diagnostic challenge for pediatricians and represent a source of serious disability for children and adolescents. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Molecular and Translational Medicine)
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20 pages, 300 KB  
Review
Nighttime Primary Headaches in Children: Beyond Hypnic Headache, a Comprehensive Review
by Beatrice Baldo, Ilaria Bonemazzi, Antonella Morea, Roberta Rossi, Alessandro Ferretti, Vittorio Sciruicchio, Alessia Raffagnato, Vincenzo Raieli, Antonia Versace and Irene Toldo
Life 2025, 15(8), 1198; https://doi.org/10.3390/life15081198 - 28 Jul 2025
Viewed by 3462
Abstract
Many headaches at night arise due to primary headache disorders, which occur independently of other symptoms and are not caused by another medical condition. Primary headache disorders with nighttime attacks can include tension-type headaches, migraines, hypnic headaches, and cluster headaches. A hypnic headache [...] Read more.
Many headaches at night arise due to primary headache disorders, which occur independently of other symptoms and are not caused by another medical condition. Primary headache disorders with nighttime attacks can include tension-type headaches, migraines, hypnic headaches, and cluster headaches. A hypnic headache is sometimes called an “alarm clock headache” because symptoms tend to arise at the same time of night. Apart from considering primary headaches, secondary causes of nighttime headaches should be considered and ruled out, in particular headaches secondary to intracranial hypertension, temporomandibular joint issues (like bruxism) and sleep apnea. Treatments vary based on headache type but often include a combination of medications and prevention strategies. This review article covers the basics of nighttime primary headaches in children, including pathophysiology, etiology, clinical features of the different forms and their treatment. It will also discuss the differences in headache features between children and adults. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Medical Research)
16 pages, 327 KB  
Review
Caffeine for Headaches: Helpful or Harmful? A Brief Review of the Literature
by Anna Zduńska, Joanna Cegielska, Sebastian Zduński and Izabela Domitrz
Nutrients 2023, 15(14), 3170; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15143170 - 17 Jul 2023
Cited by 19 | Viewed by 27619
Abstract
Consumption of caffeine in the diet, both daily and occasional, has a significant biological effect on the nervous system. Caffeine, through various and not yet fully investigated mechanisms, affects headaches. This is especially noticeable in migraine. In other headaches such as hypnic headache, [...] Read more.
Consumption of caffeine in the diet, both daily and occasional, has a significant biological effect on the nervous system. Caffeine, through various and not yet fully investigated mechanisms, affects headaches. This is especially noticeable in migraine. In other headaches such as hypnic headache, post-dural puncture headache and spontaneous intracranial hypotension, caffeine is an important therapeutic agent. In turn, abrupt discontinuation of chronically used caffeine can cause caffeine-withdrawal headache. Caffeine can both relieve and trigger headaches. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Nutrition and Public Health)
13 pages, 1529 KB  
Review
Headache Associated with Sexual Activity—A Narrative Review of Literature
by Piotr Ściślicki, Karolina Sztuba, Aleksandra Klimkowicz-Mrowiec and Agnieszka Gorzkowska
Medicina 2021, 57(8), 735; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina57080735 - 21 Jul 2021
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 16177
Abstract
Headache associated with sexual activity (HAWSA) has accompanied humanity since ancient times. However, it is only since the 1970s that it has become the subject of more extensive and detailed scientific interest. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of [...] Read more.
Headache associated with sexual activity (HAWSA) has accompanied humanity since ancient times. However, it is only since the 1970s that it has become the subject of more extensive and detailed scientific interest. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the development of the concept of HAWSA, its clinical presentation, etiopathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment especially from the research perspective of the last 20 years. Primary HAWSA is a benign condition, whose etiology is unknown; however, at the first occurrence of headache associated with sexual activity, it is necessary to exclude conditions that are usually immediately life-threatening. Migraine, hypnic headache or hemicrania continua have been reported to co-occur with HAWSA, but their common pathophysiologic basis is still unknown. Recent advances in the treatment of HAWSA include the introduction of topiramate, progesterone, and treatments such as greater occipital nerve injection, arterial embolization, and manual therapy. Whether these new therapeutic options will stand the test of time remains to be seen. Full article
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