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14 pages, 252 KiB

Open AccessReview

Evidence of Horizontal Violence in Healthcare Settings: A Narrative Review

by Guido Vittorio Travaini, Emma Flutti, Martina Sottocornola, Vittoradolfo Tambone, Alberto Blandino, Gianmarco Di Palma and Francesco De Micco

Nurs. Rep. 2024, 14(3), 1647-1660; https://doi.org/10.3390/nursrep14030123 - 11 Jul 2024

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 3748

Abstract

In the professional realm, the healthcare sector stands out as one of the most susceptible to violence. One notable manifestation of this is violence among colleagues, commonly referred to as horizontal violence, which has garnered significant attention in recent times. To delve deeper into this phenomenon across various categories of healthcare professionals, a comprehensive search was conducted on PubMed, Scopus, and CINAHL, resulting in the inclusion of 13 articles. The findings of this narrative review illuminate how horizontal violence can manifest in both physical and psychological forms and how it often becomes normalized among the healthcare professionals who endure it. Particularly vulnerable to such occurrences are recent graduates and those with limited professional experience. Furthermore, it has been observed that horizontal violence has detrimental effects on the well-being of those subjected to it, as well as on the quality of patient care delivered. Considering preventive measures, numerous studies emphasize the pivotal role of effective departmental leadership in fostering a harmonious work environment. Despite the largely underreported nature of this phenomenon, the conclusions drawn in this study advocate for a deeper exploration of the dynamics surrounding horizontal violence, with the goal of devising targeted strategies to mitigate its occurrence. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Workplace Violence in Nursing and Midwifery)

13 pages, 339 KiB

Open AccessReview

A Qualitative Meta-Synthesis of Studies on Workplace Bullying among Nurses

by Haeyoung Lee, Young Mi Ryu, Mi Yu, Haejin Kim and Seieun Oh

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(21), 14120; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192114120 - 29 Oct 2022

Cited by 15 | Viewed by 4558

Abstract

This study aimed to further understand and compare the phenomenon of workplace bullying (WPB) among clinical nurses in various sociocultural contexts. The study sought to determine appropriate interventions, examining how said interventions should be delivered at individual, work-unit, and institutional levels. Qualitative meta-synthesis was chosen to achieve the study aims. Individual qualitative research findings were gathered, compared, and summarized using the thematic analysis suggested by Braun and Clark. Based on the predefined analytic points, the findings included the following themes: horizontal yet vertical violence, direct and indirect violence on victims, nurses feed on their own, accepting and condoning WPB embedded in ineffective work systems, and rippling over the entire organization. The results showed that the phenomenon of workplace bullying shares quite a few attributes across cultures in terms of the characteristics, types, perpetrators, subjects, and consequences. The findings suggest that interventions to change and improve organizational work culture must be developed and implemented. Full article

5 pages, 1444 KiB

Open AccessCase Report

Conservative Non-Surgical Management of Horizontal Root-Fractured Maxillary Incisors in a Young Male with Angle Class II, Division 2, Malocclusion

by Roberto Biagi, Giulia Bardini, Giuseppe Guidazzi and Enrico Spinas

Dent. J. 2021, 9(5), 55; https://doi.org/10.3390/dj9050055 - 12 May 2021

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2696

Abstract

Horizontal root fractures are a rare emergency in a dental office. The injury involves periodontal ligament, cementum, dentine and pulp. The healing is influenced by the location of the root fracture, the displacement of the fragments and the status of the pulp. This report presents a clinical case of horizontal fractures to both maxillary central incisors due to an act of violence. The type of occlusion has avoided a severe diastasis of the coronal parts with a subsequent damage to the pulp and periodontum. The fractures were treated with an orthodontic splint without any further therapy and hard tissue healing was observed. A careful diagnosis and well-timed treatment planning usually allow a cost-efficient and biologically-oriented therapy with a favorable outcome. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sport and Dental Traumatology)

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10 pages, 3999 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Subterranean Detention and Sanctuary from below: Canada’s Carceral Geographies

by Jen Bagelman and Sasha Kovalchuk

Soc. Sci. 2019, 8(11), 310; https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci8110310 - 12 Nov 2019

Cited by 5 | Viewed by 6077

Abstract

This paper begins with an account of Lucía Vega Jimenez, a Mexican woman who lived and worked in Metro Vancouver, Coast Salish Territories (Canada) and who died while held in detention in British Columbia’s Immigration Holding Centre. This article argues that Lucía’s story exposes a number of critical aspects regarding the geographies and politics of migration in Canada today. First, Lucia’s story points to the ways in which Canada’s determination process invisibilises certain forms of violence and, as such, serves as a highly restrictive and exclusionary mechanism. Second, it shows how this exclusionary mechanism extends like ‘capillaries’ throughout urban space. In this context city services (like transit) increasingly become less spaces of refuge, and more privatized border checkpoints. Third, following Lucia’s story reveals how city checkpoints funnel people with precarious status into remote detention, akin to Foucault’s ‘carceral archipelago.’ While expanding on carceral literature, this paper departs from existing scholarship that tends to think about remoteness horizontally. The paper argues that it is below the surface where carceral regimes become particularly hostile and—as such—the paper calls for deepened engagement with questions of verticality. Finally, the article illustrates how subterranean carceral dimensions are being politicized, agonistically, through sanctuary practices. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Precarity Generators: Borders, Bordering Processes, and the Creation of Precarious Crossings)

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33 pages, 2453 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Human Rights Violations and Violent Internal Conflict

by David Cingranelli, Skip Mark, Mark Gibney, Peter Haschke, Reed Wood and Daniel Arnon

Soc. Sci. 2019, 8(2), 41; https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci8020041 - 28 Jan 2019

Cited by 14 | Viewed by 19725

Abstract

This research project uses econometric methods and comparative, cross-national data to see whether violations of human rights increase the likelihood of the onset or escalation of violent protest, terrorism and/or civil war. The findings show that these types of violent internal conflict will occur and escalate if governments: (1) torture, politically imprison, kill, or “disappear” people, (2) do not allow women to participate fully in the political system, including allowing them to hold high level national political office, and (3) do not allow women to participate fully in the economic life of the nation by ensuring equal pay for equal work, by encouraging their entry to the highest paid occupations, and by protecting them from sexual harassment at their workplaces. These types of violations of human rights and the existence of large horizontal inequalities in societies independently produce an increased risk of the onset and escalation of many forms of violent internal conflict. The results also provide some evidence for the argument that there is a trade-off between liberty and security. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Politics of Peace and Conflict)

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7 pages, 163 KiB

Open AccessDiscussion

An Inductive Discussion of the Interrelationships between Nursing Shortage, Horizontal Violence, Generational Diversity, and Healthy Work Environments

by Francesca Armmer

Adm. Sci. 2017, 7(4), 34; https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci7040034 - 21 Sep 2017

Cited by 16 | Viewed by 18142

Abstract

The complex features of the nursing shortage, horizontal violence, generational diversity and healthy work environments have frequently been addressed within the context of their singular characteristics, challenges and potential solutions. Yet it is the interrelationships of these phenomena that holds solutions to the overarching challenges facing nurses and the nursing profession. Through an inductive approach, a preliminary discussion and related strategies to address the highlighted challenges have been proposed. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Healthy Work Environments)

12 pages, 227 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Lateral Violence in Nursing Survey: Instrument Development and Validation

by Lynne S. Nemeth, Karen M. Stanley, Mary M. Martin, Martina Mueller, Diana Layne and Kenneth A. Wallston

Healthcare 2017, 5(3), 33; https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare5030033 - 19 Jul 2017

Cited by 12 | Viewed by 14762

Abstract

An examination of the psychometric properties of the Lateral Violence in Nursing Survey (LVNS), an instrument previously developed to measure the perceived incidence and severity of lateral violence (LV) in the nursing workplace, was carried out. Conceptual clustering and principal components analysis were used with survey responses from 663 registered nurses and ancillary nursing staff in a southeastern tertiary care medical center. Where appropriate, Cronbach’s alpha (α) evaluated internal consistency. The prevalence/severity of lateral violence items constitute two distinct subscales (LV by self and others) with Cronbach’s alpha of 0.74 and 0.86, respectively. The items asking about potential causes of LV are unidimensional and internally consistent (alpha = 0.77) but there is no conceptually coherent theme underlying the various causes. Respondents rating a potential LV cause as “major” scored higher on both prevalence/severity subscales than those rating it a “minor” cause or not a cause. Subsets of items on the LVNS are internally reliable, supporting construct validity. Revisions of the original LVNS instrument will improve its use in future work. Full article

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