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Search Results (4)

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Keywords = extruded power cables

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11 pages, 6643 KiB  
Article
Assessment of Cooling Conditions of Thermoplastic Insulation and Uniformity of Breakdown Strength for Medium-Voltage Direct Current Extruded Cable Insulation
by Keon-Hee Park, Seung-Won Lee, Hae-Jong Kim and Jang-Seob Lim
Energies 2024, 17(20), 5167; https://doi.org/10.3390/en17205167 - 17 Oct 2024
Viewed by 983
Abstract
Research has been conducted on medium-voltage direct current (MVDC) to address the limited transmission capacity of existing AC power transmission lines and to achieve efficient integration of renewable energy sources. Another method to increase the transmission capacity is to raise the maximum allowable [...] Read more.
Research has been conducted on medium-voltage direct current (MVDC) to address the limited transmission capacity of existing AC power transmission lines and to achieve efficient integration of renewable energy sources. Another method to increase the transmission capacity is to raise the maximum allowable temperature of the power cable. The maximum allowable temperature for cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) in commercial power cables is 90 °C. Polypropylene (PP) is considered as an alternative material. PP has a maximum allowable temperature of 110 °C and possesses thermoplastic properties, making it environmentally friendly. However, PP may not ensure uniformity of the insulation layer depending on the extrusion process, including cooling conditions. This study aimed to determine the applicability of MVDC cables by assessing the uniformity of the insulation layer of extruded cables, considering the cooling conditions of PP in specimens. For the cooling conditions, ambient air, cooling press, and water cooling were evaluated for DC breakdown strength. Furthermore, the uniformity of the breakdown strength of the insulation layer, which was divided into sections such as conductor and sheath, was evaluated for commercial PP, XLPE, and the developed PP cables. This study aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the DC BD strength of PP under various cooling conditions and emphasize the importance of uniformity in extruded cable sections. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section F6: High Voltage)
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22 pages, 24583 KiB  
Article
Insulation Resistance Degradation Models of Extruded Power Cables under Thermal Ageing
by Xufei Ge, Fulin Fan, Martin J. Given and Brian G. Stewart
Energies 2024, 17(5), 1062; https://doi.org/10.3390/en17051062 - 23 Feb 2024
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1928
Abstract
Insulation resistance (IR) is an essential metric indicating insulation conditions of extruded power cables. To deliver reliable IR simulation as a reference for practical cable inspection, in this paper, four IR degradation models for cross-linked polyethylene-insulated cables under thermal ageing are presented. In [...] Read more.
Insulation resistance (IR) is an essential metric indicating insulation conditions of extruded power cables. To deliver reliable IR simulation as a reference for practical cable inspection, in this paper, four IR degradation models for cross-linked polyethylene-insulated cables under thermal ageing are presented. In addition, the influences of methodologies and temperature profiles on IR simulation are evaluated. Cable cylindrical insulation is first divided into sufficiently small segments whose temperatures are simulated by jointly using a finite volume method and an artificial neural network to model the thermal ageing experiment conditions. The thermal degradation of IR is then simulated by dichotomy models that randomly sample fully degraded segments based on an overall insulation (layer) ageing condition estimation and discretization models that estimate the gradual degradation of individual segments, respectively. Furthermore, uniform and non-uniform temperature profiles are incorporated into dichotomy and discretization models, respectively, for a comparison. The IR simulation results are not only compared between different models, but also discussed around the sensitivity of IR simulation to segment sizes and degradation rates. This provides cable assessment engineers with insights into model behaviour as a reference for their selection of appropriate IR degradation models. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dielectric Insulation in Medium- and High-Voltage Power Equipment—Degradation and Failure Mechanism, Diagnostics, and Electrical Parameters Improvement)
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34 pages, 2340 KiB  
Review
Issues and Challenges for HVDC Extruded Cable Systems
by Giovanni Mazzanti
Energies 2021, 14(15), 4504; https://doi.org/10.3390/en14154504 - 26 Jul 2021
Cited by 70 | Viewed by 8212
Abstract
The improved features of AC/DC converters, the need to enhance cross-country interconnections, the will to make massive remote renewable energy sources available, and the fear of populations about overhead lines have fostered HVDC cable transmission all over the world, leading in the last [...] Read more.
The improved features of AC/DC converters, the need to enhance cross-country interconnections, the will to make massive remote renewable energy sources available, and the fear of populations about overhead lines have fostered HVDC cable transmission all over the world, leading in the last two decades to an exponential increase of commissioned HVDC cable projects, particularly of the extruded insulation type. Comprehensive surveys of the issues to be faced by HVDC extruded cable systems appeared in the literature some years ago, but they are not so up-to-date, as HVDC extruded cable technology is developing fast. Therefore, the contribution this paper aims at giving is a systematic, comprehensive and updated summary of the main present and future issues and challenges that HVDC cable systems have to face to further improve their performance and competitiveness, so as to meet the growing quest for clean and available energy worldwide. The topics covered in this review–treated in alphabetical order for the reader’s convenience–are accessories, higher voltage and power, laying environment (submarine and underground cables), modeling, multiterminal HVDC, operation and diagnostics, recyclable insulation, space charge behavior, testing, thermal stability, transient voltages. Full article
(This article belongs to the Topic Innovative Techniques for Smart Grids)
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13 pages, 1866 KiB  
Article
Towards Electrothermal Optimization of a HVDC Cable Joint Based on Field Simulation
by Yvonne Späck-Leigsnering, Greta Ruppert, Erion Gjonaj, Herbert De Gersem and Myriam Koch
Energies 2021, 14(10), 2848; https://doi.org/10.3390/en14102848 - 14 May 2021
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 3217
Abstract
Extruded high-voltage direct current cable systems transmit electric power over long distances. Numerical field simulation can provide access to the internal electrothermal behavior of cable joints, which interconnect cable sections. However, coupled nonlinear electrothermal field simulations are still a challenge. In this work, [...] Read more.
Extruded high-voltage direct current cable systems transmit electric power over long distances. Numerical field simulation can provide access to the internal electrothermal behavior of cable joints, which interconnect cable sections. However, coupled nonlinear electrothermal field simulations are still a challenge. In this work, a robust numerical solution approach is implemented and validated. This approach allows for efficient parameter studies of resistively graded high-voltage direct current cable joint designs. It is assessed how the dielectric stress distribution between the conductor connection and the grounded cable sheath is influenced by nonlinear field and temperature dependent electric conductivity of the field grading material. Optimal field grading material parameters, which fulfill the field grading and power loss requirements, are suggested based on the simulation studies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Modelling and Numerical Simulation of HVDC Cable Systems)
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