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Keywords = electroneurogram

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16 pages, 2936 KiB  
Article
CMOS Analogue Velocity-Selective Neural Processing System
by Shamin Sadrafshari, Sebastian Simmich, Benjamin Metcalfe, Jon Prager, Nicolas Granger, Nick Donaldson, Robert Rieger and John Taylor
Electronics 2024, 13(3), 569; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics13030569 - 31 Jan 2024
Viewed by 1118
Abstract
Velocity-selective recording (VSR) of electroneurogram (ENG) signals is a frequently utilized technology in the field of neural recording with applications in clinical medicine and neuroprosthetics. VSR classifies excited axon populations in terms of their conduction velocities using multiple recordings of the same ENG [...] Read more.
Velocity-selective recording (VSR) of electroneurogram (ENG) signals is a frequently utilized technology in the field of neural recording with applications in clinical medicine and neuroprosthetics. VSR classifies excited axon populations in terms of their conduction velocities using multiple recordings of the same ENG signal and addition of the recording channels after introducing controlled time delays. This paper describes the first fully integrated analogue realization of the complete delay-and-add process with nine channels. The proposed approach uses switched-capacitor (SC) circuits and avoids the need for ADCs at the inputs of the delay-and-add circuit to achieve a small size and low power implementation. Simulated and measured results obtained from chips fabricated in 0.35 µm CMOS technology are reported. The system occupies a 1.16 mm2 active area and consumes 798 µW from a 3 V supply, while achieving a wide velocity detection range of 10–300 m/s with a precise relative velocity resolution down to 0.003. Intrinsic velocity spectra measured from synthetic ENG inputs confirm the operation of the system. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Bioelectronics)
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16 pages, 1192 KiB  
Article
Assessment of the Use of Multi-Channel Organic Electrodes to Record ENG on Small Nerves: Application to Phrenic Nerve Burst Detection
by Yvan Avdeew, Victor Bergé-Laval, Virginie Le Rolle, Gabriel Dieuset, David Moreau, Loïg Kergoat, Benoît Martin, Christophe Bernard, Christian Gestreau and Alfredo Hernández
Sensors 2021, 21(16), 5594; https://doi.org/10.3390/s21165594 - 19 Aug 2021
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 3462
Abstract
Effective closed-loop neuromodulation relies on the acquisition of appropriate physiological control variables and the delivery of an appropriate stimulation signal. In particular, electroneurogram (ENG) data acquired from a set of electrodes applied at the surface of the nerve may be used as a [...] Read more.
Effective closed-loop neuromodulation relies on the acquisition of appropriate physiological control variables and the delivery of an appropriate stimulation signal. In particular, electroneurogram (ENG) data acquired from a set of electrodes applied at the surface of the nerve may be used as a potential control variable in this field. Improved electrode technologies and data processing methods are clearly needed in this context. In this work, we evaluated a new electrode technology based on multichannel organic electrodes (OE) and applied a signal processing chain in order to detect respiratory-related bursts from the phrenic nerve. Phrenic ENG (pENG) were acquired from nine Long Evans rats in situ preparations. For each preparation, a 16-channel OE was applied around the phrenic nerve’s surface and a suction electrode was applied to the cut end of the same nerve. The former electrode provided input multivariate pENG signals while the latter electrode provided the gold standard for data analysis. Correlations between OE signals and that from the gold standard were estimated. Signal to noise ratio (SNR) and ROC curves were built to quantify phrenic bursts detection performance. Correlation score showed the ability of the OE to record high-quality pENG. Our methods allowed good phrenic bursts detection. However, we failed to demonstrate a spatial selectivity from the multiple pENG recorded with our OE matrix. Altogether, our results suggest that highly flexible and biocompatible multi-channel electrode may represent an interesting alternative to metallic cuff electrodes to perform nerve bursts detection and/or closed-loop neuromodulation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Biomedical Sensors)
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26 pages, 6237 KiB  
Article
An Implantable Wireless Neural Interface System for Simultaneous Recording and Stimulation of Peripheral Nerve with a Single Cuff Electrode
by Ahnsei Shon, Jun-Uk Chu, Jiuk Jung, Hyungmin Kim and Inchan Youn
Sensors 2018, 18(1), 1; https://doi.org/10.3390/s18010001 - 21 Dec 2017
Cited by 54 | Viewed by 13728
Abstract
Recently, implantable devices have become widely used in neural prostheses because they eliminate endemic drawbacks of conventional percutaneous neural interface systems. However, there are still several issues to be considered: low-efficiency wireless power transmission; wireless data communication over restricted operating distance with high [...] Read more.
Recently, implantable devices have become widely used in neural prostheses because they eliminate endemic drawbacks of conventional percutaneous neural interface systems. However, there are still several issues to be considered: low-efficiency wireless power transmission; wireless data communication over restricted operating distance with high power consumption; and limited functionality, working either as a neural signal recorder or as a stimulator. To overcome these issues, we suggest a novel implantable wireless neural interface system for simultaneous neural signal recording and stimulation using a single cuff electrode. By using widely available commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) components, an easily reconfigurable implantable wireless neural interface system was implemented into one compact module. The implantable device includes a wireless power consortium (WPC)-compliant power transmission circuit, a medical implant communication service (MICS)-band-based radio link and a cuff-electrode path controller for simultaneous neural signal recording and stimulation. During in vivo experiments with rabbit models, the implantable device successfully recorded and stimulated the tibial and peroneal nerves while communicating with the external device. The proposed system can be modified for various implantable medical devices, especially such as closed-loop control based implantable neural prostheses requiring neural signal recording and stimulation at the same time. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Implantable Sensors 2018)
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