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Search Results (5)

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Keywords = effective string description of confinement

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10 pages, 291 KB  
Article
Dual Superconductor Model of Confinement: Quantum-String Representation of the 4D Yang–Mills Theory on a Torus and the Correlation Length away from the London Limit
by Dmitry Antonov
Universe 2022, 8(1), 7; https://doi.org/10.3390/universe8010007 - 24 Dec 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2863
Abstract
This paper is devoted to the dual superconductor model of confinement in the 4D Yang–Mills theory. In the first part, we consider the latter theory compactified on a torus, and use the dual superconductor model in order to obtain the Polchinski–Strominger term in [...] Read more.
This paper is devoted to the dual superconductor model of confinement in the 4D Yang–Mills theory. In the first part, we consider the latter theory compactified on a torus, and use the dual superconductor model in order to obtain the Polchinski–Strominger term in the string representation of a Wilson loop. For a certain realistic critical value of the product of circumferences of the compactification circles, which is expressed in terms of the gluon condensate and the vacuum correlation length, the coupling of the Polchinski–Strominger term turns out to be such that the string conformal anomaly cancels out, making the string representation fully quantum. In the second part, we use the analogy between the London limit of the dual superconductor and the low-energy limit of the 4D compact QED, to obtain the partition function of the dual superconductor model away from the London limit. There, we find a decrease of the vacuum correlation length, and derive the corresponding potential of monopole currents. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Quantum Field Theory)
23 pages, 775 KB  
Review
From Center-Vortex Ensembles to the Confining Flux Tube
by David R. Junior, Luis E. Oxman and Gustavo M. Simões
Universe 2021, 7(8), 253; https://doi.org/10.3390/universe7080253 - 21 Jul 2021
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 3076
Abstract
In this review, we discuss the present status of the description of confining flux tubes in SU(N) pure Yang–Mills theory in terms of ensembles of percolating center vortices. This is based on three main pillars: modeling in the continuum the ensemble components detected [...] Read more.
In this review, we discuss the present status of the description of confining flux tubes in SU(N) pure Yang–Mills theory in terms of ensembles of percolating center vortices. This is based on three main pillars: modeling in the continuum the ensemble components detected in the lattice, the derivation of effective field representations, and contrasting the associated properties with Monte Carlo lattice results. The integration of the present knowledge about these points is essential to get closer to a unified physical picture for confinement. Here, we shall emphasize the last advances, which point to the importance of including the non-oriented center-vortex component and non-Abelian degrees of freedom when modeling the center-vortex ensemble measure. These inputs are responsible for the emergence of topological solitons and the possibility of accommodating the asymptotic scaling properties of the confining string tension. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Modern Approaches to Non-Perturbative QCD and other Confining Gauge Theories)
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28 pages, 454 KB  
Review
Effective String Description of the Confining Flux Tube at Finite Temperature
by Michele Caselle
Universe 2021, 7(6), 170; https://doi.org/10.3390/universe7060170 - 30 May 2021
Cited by 19 | Viewed by 3852
Abstract
In this review, after a general introduction to the Effective String Theory (EST) description of confinement in pure gauge theories, we discuss the behaviour of EST as the temperature is increased. We show that, as the deconfinement point is approached from below, several [...] Read more.
In this review, after a general introduction to the Effective String Theory (EST) description of confinement in pure gauge theories, we discuss the behaviour of EST as the temperature is increased. We show that, as the deconfinement point is approached from below, several universal features of confining gauge theories, like the ratio Tc/σ0, the linear increase of the squared width of the flux tube with the interquark distance, or the temperature dependence of the interquark potential, can be accurately predicted by the effective string. Moreover, in the vicinity of the deconfinement point the EST behaviour turns out to be in good agreement with what was predicted by conformal invariance or by dimensional reduction, thus further supporting the validity of an EST approach to confinement. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Modern Approaches to Non-Perturbative QCD and other Confining Gauge Theories)
7 pages, 246 KB  
Brief Report
Fully Quantum String Representation of a Wilson Loop in the Finite-Temperature 3D Yang–Mills Theory
by Dmitry Antonov
Symmetry 2020, 12(5), 688; https://doi.org/10.3390/sym12050688 - 27 Apr 2020
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2327
Abstract
We demonstrate the emergence of the Polchinski–Strominger term in the string representation of a Wilson loop in the confinement phase of the finite-temperature 3D Yang–Mills theory. At a temperature which is roughly twice smaller than the deconfinement critical temperature, the value of the [...] Read more.
We demonstrate the emergence of the Polchinski–Strominger term in the string representation of a Wilson loop in the confinement phase of the finite-temperature 3D Yang–Mills theory. At a temperature which is roughly twice smaller than the deconfinement critical temperature, the value of the coupling of that term becomes such that the string conformal anomaly cancels out, thereby admitting a fully quantum description of the quark–antiquark string in 3D rather than 26D. Full article
52 pages, 749 KB  
Review
Monopole-Based Scenarios of Confinement and Deconfinement in 3D and 4D
by Dmitry Antonov
Universe 2017, 3(2), 50; https://doi.org/10.3390/universe3020050 - 19 Jun 2017
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 5560
Abstract
This review discusses confinement, as well as the topological and critical phenomena, in the gauge theories which provide the condensation of magnetic monopoles. These theories include the 3D SU(N) Georgi-Glashow model, the 4D [U(1)] N - 1 -invariant compact QED , [...] Read more.
This review discusses confinement, as well as the topological and critical phenomena, in the gauge theories which provide the condensation of magnetic monopoles. These theories include the 3D SU(N) Georgi-Glashow model, the 4D [U(1)] N - 1 -invariant compact QED , and the [U(1)] N - 1 -invariant dual Abelian Higgs model. After a general introduction to the string models of confinement, an analytic description of this penomenon is provided at the example of the 3D SU(N) Georgi-Glashow model, with a special emphasis placed on the so-called Casimir scaling of k-string tensions in that model. We further discuss the string representation of the 3D [U(1)] N - 1 -invariant compact QED, as well as of its 4D generalization with the inclusion of the Θ -term. We compare topological effects, which appear in the latter case, with those that take place in the 3D QED extended by the Chern-Simons term. We further discuss the string representation of the ’t Hooft-loop average in the [U(1)] N - 1 -invariant dual Abelian Higgs model extended by the Θ -term, along with the topological effects caused by this term. These topological effects are compared with those occurring in the 3D dual Abelian Higgs model (i.e., the dual Landau-Ginzburg theory) extended by the Chern-Simons term. In the second part of the review, we discuss critical properties of the weakly-coupled 3D confining theories. These theories include the 3D compact QED, along with its fermionic extension, and the 3D Georgi-Glashow model. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Quark-Gluon Plasma in the Early Universe and in Ultra-Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions)
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