Search Results (9)

In long-distance, large-section rectangular pipe jacking operations, machine deviation is an inevitable factor that poses substantial challenges to the accurate prediction of frictional resistance. To address this issue, a novel methodology is proposed to analyze the dynamic interactions at the pipe–soil–slurry interfaces. This approach integrates real-time alignment monitoring with the Winkler elastic foundation theory to enhance predictive accuracy. A comprehensive predictive framework is developed for excavation profiles and pipeline deflection curves under varying thrust distances, enabling the quantification of complex contact states. By applying Newton’s law of friction and the Navier–Stokes fluid mechanics equations, calculation methods for the frictional resistance of pipe–soil contact and pipe–mud contact are systematically derived. Furthermore, a predictive model for the jacking force in long-distance rectangular pipe jacking, accounting for complex contact conditions, is successfully established. The jacking force monitoring data from the 233.6-m utility tunnel pipe jacking project case is utilized to validate the reliability of the proposed theoretical prediction method. Parametric analyses demonstrate that doubling the subgrade reaction coefficient enhances peak resistance by 80%, while deviation amplitude exerts a 70% greater influence on performance compared to cycle parameters. Slurry viscosity emerges as a critical factor governing pipe–slurry interaction resistance, with each doubling of viscosity causing up to a 56% increase in resistance. The developed methodology proves adaptable across five distinct operational phases—machine advancement, initial jacking, stable jacking, deviation accumulation, and final jacking—establishing a robust theoretical framework for the design and precision control of ultra-long pipe jacking projects. Full article

The efficacy of silencers in reducing piping noise is contingent upon the specific installation and operating environment. Among the various forms of silencers, the acoustic characteristics of dissipative silencers with sound-absorbing materials attached internally exist in an area that is difficult to explain by existing theories. This is dependent upon the specific type and placement of the attached sound-absorbing materials. This paper presents a methodology for calculating the acoustic transmission loss (TL) of a cylindrical silencer filled with a multilayer poroelastic material, employing the mode-matching method. To describe the numerical process of treating waves propagating within a poroelastic material and determine the modes in accordance with the boundary conditions necessary for analyzing the acoustic performance of the silencer, the Biot model and the Johnson–Champoux–Allard–Lafarge model were employed. The obtained modes were utilized to calculate the acoustic TL of silencers filled with single, double, and triple layers of poroelastic materials. In particular, the results obtained for the single layer were validated by comparing them with the results of a finite element analysis, and the results obtained for multiple layers with the same material were validated by comparing them with the equivalent single-layer results. Moreover, the results of the numerical calculations of the acoustic TLs of the silencer for three distinct types of poroelastic materials, including those with varying degrees of frame rigidity or softness, were compared, and the acoustic characteristics were analyzed in relation to the intrinsic properties of the materials and their arrangement. It is anticipated that the methodology presented in this paper will facilitate the design of silencers using poroelastic materials in accordance with the specific requirements of users or designers by allowing for a comprehensive consideration of the thickness of layers and the arrangement of materials. Full article

The paper concerns the dynamics and stability of double-walled carbon nanotubes conveying fluid. The equations of motion adopted in the current study to describe the dynamics of such nano-pipes stem from the classical Bernoulli–Euler beam theory. Several additional terms are included in the basic equations in order to take into account the influence of the conveyed fluid, the impact of the surrounding medium and the effect of the van der Waals interaction between the inner and outer single-walled carbon nanotubes constituting a double-walled one. In the present work, the flow-induced vibrations of the considered nano-pipes are studied for different values of the length of the pipe, its inner radius, the characteristics of the ambient medium and the velocity of the fluid flow, which is assumed to be constant. The critical fluid flow velocities are obtained at which such a cantilevered double-walled carbon nanotube embedded in an elastic medium loses stability. Full article

Based on the theory of acoustic–solid coupling, the phase velocity-thickness product of a double-layer liquid-filled pipeline is analyzed, and the dispersion relationship between angular frequency and wavenumber–thickness product is analyzed, providing a theoretical basis for ultrasonic guided wave detection. The wave number analytical expression of the double-layer liquid-filled pipeline is constructed, and the dispersion relationship of the double-layer liquid-filled pipeline under different frequency–thickness products and wavenumber–thickness products is calculated through parameter scanning. The dispersion curves of the double-layer liquid-filled pipeline are numerically analyzed in the domains of pressure acoustics, solid mechanics, and acoustic–solid coupling. The numerically simulated dispersion curves show high consistency with the analytically calculated dispersion curves. The analysis of the phase velocity frequency–thickness product indicates that the axial mode dispersion curves of the pipe wall decrease with the increase in frequency–thickness product in the coupling domain, and then tend to be flat and intersect with the radial mode dispersion curves in the coupling domain; these intersection points cannot be used for ultrasonic guided wave detection. The T(0,1) mode dispersion curve in the coupling domain of the pressure acoustics domain remains smooth from low frequency to high frequency. It is found that the dispersion curves of the phase velocity frequency–thickness product, angular frequency wavenumber–thickness product, and the acoustic pressure distribution map of the double-layer liquid-filled pipeline based on acoustic–solid coupling can provide theoretical support for ultrasonic guided wave detection of pipelines. Full article

In order to study the elastic–plastic stress field distribution of a double-row-pipe frozen wall, the temperature field of the double-row-pipe frozen wall is equivalent to a trapezoidal distribution, and the frozen wall is regarded as an elastic–plastic thick-walled cylinder with functionally gradient material (FGM) characteristics in the radial direction. Considering that the elastic modulus and cohesion of the frozen wall material change linearly with the radius, the elastic–plastic analysis of the frozen wall is carried out based on unified strength theory. The analytical solutions of the elastic–plastic stress field distribution, the elastic ultimate bearing capacity, the plastic ultimate bearing capacity, and the relative radius of the plastic zone of the frozen wall are derived. The analytical solution is calculated based on the engineering case and compared with the numerical solution obtained based on COMSOL. At the same time, the influence of strength theory parameters on the mechanical properties of heterogeneous and homogeneous frozen walls is analyzed. The results show that the analytical solution and the numerical solution are in good agreement, and their accuracy is mutually verified. The external load on the frozen wall of the selected layer is greater than its elastic ultimate bearing capacity and less than its plastic ultimate bearing capacity, which indicates that the frozen wall is in a safe state of stress. The radial stress increases with the increase in the strength theoretical parameter b and the relative radius r, the tangential stress increases with the increase in the strength theoretical parameter b, and first increases and then decreases with the increase in the relative radius r. The larger the strength theoretical parameter b, the smaller the relative radius of the plastic zone of the frozen wall. The strength theoretical parameter b increases from 0 to 1, the elastic ultimate bearing capacity and plastic ultimate bearing capacity of the heterogeneous frozen wall increase by 33.3% and 40.8%, respectively, and the elastic ultimate bearing capacity and plastic ultimate bearing capacity of the homogeneous frozen wall increase by 33.3% and 41.0%, respectively. Therefore, considering the influence of intermediate principal stress, the potential of materials can be fully exerted and the ultimate bearing capacity of frozen walls can be improved. This study can provide theoretical reference for the design and construction of frozen wall. Full article

In this study, the improvement effect of flow distribution evenness is evaluated quantitatively by applying the double piping theory to a parallel-arrayed low-pressure membrane module header pipe structure, and its feasibility is discussed. Orifice inner pipes to be inserted into a full-scale membrane module header pipe are designed via the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) technique, and the flow rates into 10 membrane modules are measured in real time using a portable ultrasonic flowmeter during operation to verify the effect. Results of CFD simulation and actual measurements show that the outflow rate from the branch pipe located at the end of the existing header pipe is three times higher than the flow rate from the branch pipe near the inlet. By inserting two inner pipes (with an open end and a closed end into the existing header pipe) and applying the double pipe theory, the flow distribution evenness is improved. The CFD simulation and experimental results show that the flow uniformity can be improved by more than 70% and 50%, respectively. Full article

The connection between the leg members and diagonal members of the urban transmission line tower is mostly in the form of single-limb connection. This paper puts forward a new connection form of pipe double-limb double-plate connection joint, which is based on the model of key joints in an urban narrow base tower structure. The traditional pipe single-limb single-plate and new pipe double-limb double-plate joint are analyzed and studied from three aspects of theory, numerical simulation and experimental study. Through finite element analysis, it is obtained that the section stress of angle steel under eccentric load is 2.05 times of that under axial load, which is basically consistent with the 2.5 times of the theoretical calculation. This shows that the stress of the angle steel in the pipe double-limb double-plate joint is greatly reduced as the axial stress component, which can ensure the safety of the angle steel. Based on the theoretical analysis of the tensile force of two kinds of joints, through the test research and corresponding numerical simulation of pipe single-limb single-plate and pipe double-limb double-plate joints, under the same load, compared with pipe single-limb single-plate joints, the pipe double-limb double-plate joints designed in this paper can greatly reduce the stress of connection plates and members, and compared with the existing joint forms, the bending stress of joint plates can be reduced by about four times, which greatly improves the bearing capacity of the joint. The research on the pipe double-limb double-plate connection joint will provide the basis for the design of new connection joints of narrow base towers in urban areas. Full article

A hydrocyclone is an instrument that can effectively separate multi-phase mixtures of particles with different densities or sizes based on centrifugal sedimentation principles. However, conventional hydrocyclones lead to two products only, resulting in an over-wide particle size range that does not meet the requirements of subsequent operations. In this article, a two-stage series, a four product hydrocyclone is proposed. The first stage hydrocyclone is designed to be a coaxial double overflow pipe: under the effect of separation, fine particles are discharged from the internal overflow pipe, while medium-size particles are discharged from external overflow pipe before entering the second stage hydrocyclone for fine sedimentation. In other words, one-stage grading leads to four products, including the first stage underflow, the first stage overflow, the second stage underflow, and the second stage overflow. The effects of structural parameters and operational parameters on flow field distribution in hydrocyclone were investigated via a study of flow field distribution in multi-product hydrocyclones using numerical simulations. The application of four product hydrocyclone in iron recovery shows that the grade and recovery of iron concentrate exceed 65.08% and 86.14%, respectively. This study provides references for understanding the flow field distribution in hydrocyclones and development of multi-product grading instrument in terms of both theory and industrial applications. Full article

The stability and bifurcations of a hinged-hinged pipe conveying pulsating fluid with combination parametric and internal resonances are studied with both analytical and numerical methods. The system has geometric cubic nonlinearity. Three types of critical points for the bifurcation response equations are considered. These points are characterized by a double zero and two negative eigenvalues, double zero and a pair of purely imaginary eigenvalues, and two pairs of purely imaginary eigenvalues, respectively. With the aid of normal form theory, the expressions for the critical bifurcation lines leading to incipient and secondary bifurcations are obtained. Possible bifurcations leading to 2-D tori are also investigated. Numerical simulations confirm the analytical results. Full article