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Keywords = dihydrobotrydial

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23 pages, 2800 KB  
Article
Antifungal Properties of Sargassum cinereum and Padina boergesenii Extracts Against Fungi Associated with Strawberry Fruits Concerning Mycotoxin Production
by Amany A. El-Shahir, Nurah M. Alzamel, Amani Omar Abuzaid, Naglaa Loutfy and Eman A. Alwaleed
Plants 2024, 13(22), 3115; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13223115 - 5 Nov 2024
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2716
Abstract
Strawberries are susceptible to decay and destruction while being harvested and stored. This study had the following objectives: (1) the documentation of fungi and mycotoxin production associated with infected strawberry fruits; (2) the evaluation of the primary phytochemicals of Sargassum cinereum and Padina [...] Read more.
Strawberries are susceptible to decay and destruction while being harvested and stored. This study had the following objectives: (1) the documentation of fungi and mycotoxin production associated with infected strawberry fruits; (2) the evaluation of the primary phytochemicals of Sargassum cinereum and Padina boergesenii by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) analysis to identify the active chemical composition of the seaweed extracts; and (3) the assessment of the antifungal activity of five extracts from brown seaweeds both in vitro and in vivo against fungal infections on fresh fruit under post-harvest conditions. The most common fungi were Aspergillus niger 14.36%, Botrytis cinerea 38.29%, and Mucor irregularis 16.88%. Padina boergesenii acetone extract had the highest in vitro antifungal activity. The methanol extracts of both S. cinereum and P. boergesenii were effective against the pathogenicity and aggressiveness (in vivo) on post-harvest strawberry fruits. B. cinerea could produce botrydial and dihydrobotrydial toxins with concentrations of 8.14 µg/mL and 4.26 µg/mL, respectively. A. niger could produce ochratoxin A with a concentration of 10.05 µg/mL. The present study demonstrates that the extracts of macroalgae S. cinereum and P. boergesenii contain secondary metabolites and antioxidants, indicating their potential utilization in antifungal applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Development of Biocontrol Products for Plant Diseases)
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17 pages, 2334 KB  
Article
The Inactivation by Curcumin-Mediated Photosensitization of Botrytis cinerea Spores Isolated from Strawberry Fruits
by Li Huang, Ken W. L. Yong, W. Chrishanthi Fernando, Matheus Carpinelli de Jesus, James J. De Voss, Yasmina Sultanbawa and Mary T. Fletcher
Toxins 2021, 13(3), 196; https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins13030196 - 9 Mar 2021
Cited by 23 | Viewed by 4475
Abstract
Photosensitization is a novel environmentally friendly technology with promising applications in the food industry to extend food shelf life. In this study, the natural food dye curcumin, when combined with visible light (430 nm), was shown to be an effective photosensitizer against the [...] Read more.
Photosensitization is a novel environmentally friendly technology with promising applications in the food industry to extend food shelf life. In this study, the natural food dye curcumin, when combined with visible light (430 nm), was shown to be an effective photosensitizer against the common phytopathogenic fungi Botrytis cinerea (the cause of grey mould). Production of the associated phytotoxic metabolites botrydial and dihydrobotrydial was measured by our newly developed and validated HRAM UPLC-MS/MS method, and was also shown to be reduced by this treatment. With a light dose of 120 J/cm2, the reduction in spore viability was directly proportional to curcumin concentrations, and the overall concentration of both botrydial and dihydrobotrydial also decreased with increasing curcumin concentration above 200 µM. With curcumin concentrations above 600 µM, the percentage reduction in fungal spores was close to 100%. When the dye concentration was increased to 800 µM, the spores were completely inactive and neither botrydial nor dihydrobotrydial could be detected. These results suggest that curcumin-mediated photosensitization is a potentially effective method to control B. cinerea spoilage, and also to reduce the formation of these phytotoxic botryane secondary metabolites. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Phytopathogenic Fungi and Toxicity)
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