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Keywords = cycloartane-type triterpenoid saponin

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13 pages, 2474 KiB  
Article
Phytochemical Analysis and In Vitro Effects on Isolated Murine Lymphocytes and Macrophages of Polymeric Micelles Loaded with Cycloartane Saponin
by Aleksandar Shkondrov, Denitsa Stefanova, Ivan Stambolov, Krassimira Yoncheva, Virginia Tzankova and Ilina Krasteva
Separations 2024, 11(10), 280; https://doi.org/10.3390/separations11100280 - 28 Sep 2024
Viewed by 951
Abstract
Triterpenoid saponins from the Astragalus species possess valuable effects (cytotoxic, adjuvant, hepatoprotective, neuroprotective, antiviral, etc.). Some also have immunomodulatory activities. Astragalus glycyphyllos is distributed in Bulgaria and mainly accumulates cycloartane saponins. From the overground parts of the species, a triterpenoid cyloartane-type saponin (AGOS3) [...] Read more.
Triterpenoid saponins from the Astragalus species possess valuable effects (cytotoxic, adjuvant, hepatoprotective, neuroprotective, antiviral, etc.). Some also have immunomodulatory activities. Astragalus glycyphyllos is distributed in Bulgaria and mainly accumulates cycloartane saponins. From the overground parts of the species, a triterpenoid cyloartane-type saponin (AGOS3) was isolated by different chromatographic techniques. A quantitative LC-MS method for the determination of the saponin was developed and validated. Further, the saponin was loaded in copolymeric micelles based on triblock copolymers of polyethylene oxide and polypropylene oxide (Pluronics). The LC-MS method was applied on the developed micelles to determine their loading degrees. Afterwards, the possible pharmacological effects of free and encapsulated in polymeric nanoparticles of triterpenoid saponin (1, 5, 10, 25, 50, and 100 µg/mL) were evaluated in isolated murine macrophages and lymphocytes in vitro. Free AGOS3 stimulated proliferation only at the highest tested concentrations (50–100 µg/mL), and the effect was more evident in isolated macrophages. Interestingly, AGOS3-loaded polymeric micelles caused concentration dependency and statistically significant increases in the proliferation of both isolated lymphocytes and macrophages, even at a lower concentration (10 µg/mL). These results could serve as the basis for further research on the immunomodulatory effect of this saponin. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Isolation of Natural Compounds—Emphasis on Antioxidants' Purification)
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14 pages, 2600 KiB  
Article
Cycloartane Saponins from Astragalus glycyphyllos and Their In Vitro Neuroprotective, Antioxidant, and hMAO-B-Inhibiting Effects
by Ivan Stambolov, Aleksandar Shkondrov, Olaf Kunert, Franz Bucar, Magdalena Kondeva-Burdina and Ilina Krasteva
Metabolites 2023, 13(7), 857; https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo13070857 - 19 Jul 2023
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2166
Abstract
Astragalus glycyphyllos (Fabaceae) is used in the traditional medicine of many countries against hepatic and cardiac disorders. The plant contains mainly flavonoids and saponins. From a defatted methanol extract from its overground parts, a new triterpenoid saponin, 3-O-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)]-β [...] Read more.
Astragalus glycyphyllos (Fabaceae) is used in the traditional medicine of many countries against hepatic and cardiac disorders. The plant contains mainly flavonoids and saponins. From a defatted methanol extract from its overground parts, a new triterpenoid saponin, 3-O-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)]-β-D-xylopyranosyl]-24-O-α-L-arabinopyranosyl-3β,6α,16β,24(R),25-pentahydroxy-20R-cycloartane, together with the rare saponin astrachrysoside A, were isolated using various chromatography methods. The compounds were identified via extensive high resolution electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry (HRESIMS) and NMR analyses. Both saponins were examined for their possible antioxidant and neuroprotective activity in three different in vitro models. Rat brain synaptosomes, mitochondria, and microsomes were isolated via centrifugation using Percoll gradient. They were treated with the compounds in three different concentrations alone, and in combination with 6-hydroxydopamine or tert-butyl hydroperoxide as toxic agents. It was found that the compounds had statistically significant dose-dependent in vitro protective activity on the sub-cellular fractions. The compounds exhibited a weak inhibitory effect on the enzyme activity of human recombinant monoamine oxidase type B (hMAO-B), compared to selegiline. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Identification of Plant Metabolites: Characterization and Biological Activities)
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10 pages, 733 KiB  
Communication
A New Cycloartane-Type Triterpenoid Saponin Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitor from Homonoia riparia Lour
by Fan Xu, Xueqian Zhao, Lingli Yang, Xiuhua Wang and Jing Zhao
Molecules 2014, 19(9), 13422-13431; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules190913422 - 29 Aug 2014
Cited by 17 | Viewed by 6690
Abstract
A new cycloartane-type triterpenoid saponin named riparsaponin (1) was isolated from the stem of Homonoia riparia Lour together with six known compounds. The structure of riparsaponin was determined by using NMR and mass spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography techniques. Additionally, riparsaponin has [...] Read more.
A new cycloartane-type triterpenoid saponin named riparsaponin (1) was isolated from the stem of Homonoia riparia Lour together with six known compounds. The structure of riparsaponin was determined by using NMR and mass spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography techniques. Additionally, riparsaponin has a significant inhibitory effect on xanthine oxidase in vitro, and the IC50 was 11.16 nmol/mL. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Natural Products Chemistry)
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