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Keywords = bloodroot

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14 pages, 1132 KB  
Article
Differentiating Dyes: A Spectroscopic Investigation into the Composition of Scarlet Bloodroot (Haemodorum coccineum R.Br.) Rhizome
by Matheus Carpinelli de Jesus, Taylah Church, Johanna A. Wapling, Raelene Collins, Gregory J. Leach, David Leach, James J. De Voss and Joanne T. Blanchfield
Molecules 2023, 28(21), 7422; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28217422 - 3 Nov 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1892
Abstract
Haemodorum coccineum, commonly known as scarlet bloodroot, is a plant native to New Guinea and the northern most parts of Australia. The highly coloured H. coccineum is used by communities in Larrakia country for dyeing garments and occasionally to treat snake bites. [...] Read more.
Haemodorum coccineum, commonly known as scarlet bloodroot, is a plant native to New Guinea and the northern most parts of Australia. The highly coloured H. coccineum is used by communities in Larrakia country for dyeing garments and occasionally to treat snake bites. Previous studies into H. coccineum have focused on its taxonomic classification, with this being the first evaluation of the chemical composition of the plant. Haemodoraceae plants are reported to contain phenylphenalenones (PhPs), which are highly conjugated polycyclic oxygenated aromatic hydrocarbons. We report the characterisation of 20 compounds extracted from the rhizome of H. coccineum: four sugars and 16 compounds belonging to the PhP family. The compounds include five aglycones and seven glycosylated compounds, of which four contain malonate esters in their structures. Characterisation of these compounds was achieved through 1D and 2D NMR, MS analysis and comparison to the known phytochemistry of other species from the Haemodorum genus. Preliminary anti-microbial activity of the crude extract shows significant inhibition of the growth of both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, but no activity against Candida albicans. Full article
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19 pages, 3012 KB  
Article
Assessment of the Use of Natural Extracted Dyes and Pancreatin Enzyme for Dyeing of Four Natural Textiles: HPLC Analysis of Phytochemicals
by Mohamed Z. M. Salem, Ibrahim H. M. Ibrahim, Hayssam M. Ali and Hany M. Helmy
Processes 2020, 8(1), 59; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr8010059 - 2 Jan 2020
Cited by 36 | Viewed by 11760
Abstract
In the present study, four natural textiles (cotton, linen, wool, and silk) were dyed with 14 naturally extracted dyes, and pancreatin enzyme was used in the dyeing process. The effects of pancreatin enzyme and its buffer on naturally dyed textile samples were evaluated. [...] Read more.
In the present study, four natural textiles (cotton, linen, wool, and silk) were dyed with 14 naturally extracted dyes, and pancreatin enzyme was used in the dyeing process. The effects of pancreatin enzyme and its buffer on naturally dyed textile samples were evaluated. Two concentrations of pancreatin enzyme and buffer were used as pretreatments for dyed textiles. Proteinic fabrics showed the highest relative color strength (RCS) values of 137.23% and 132.2% when the pancreatin enzyme was applied on wool and silk dyed with pomegranate skin and bloodroot at concentrations A and B, respectively. Linen fiber dyed with catechu tree showed the highest total color difference (TCD) values with buffer (6.83) and pancreatin enzyme A (5.7) and B (6.3). This shows that there were no side effects of the pancreatin enzyme on the studied dyed textiles. By high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis, the root extract from madder showed the presence of salicylic acid (1758.91 mg/kg extract), quercetin (844.23 mg/kg extract), ellagic acid (784.86 mg/kg extract) and benzoic acid (582.68 mg/kg extract) as main compounds. In cochineal extract the main compounds were rutin (37.732 mg/kg extract), kampherol (1915.98 mg/kg extract), myricetin (809.97 mg/kg extract), quercetin (496.76 mg/kg extract) and salicylic acid (193.87 mg/kg extract). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Green Separation and Extraction Processes)
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13 pages, 5095 KB  
Article
Exotic Invasive Shrub Glossy Buckthorn Reduces Restoration Potential for Native Forest Herbs
by Caroline Hamelin, Daniel Gagnon and Benoit Truax
Sustainability 2017, 9(2), 249; https://doi.org/10.3390/su9020249 - 10 Feb 2017
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 8432
Abstract
Invasive glossy buckthorn could reduce restoration potential for understory native forest herbs by compromising their growth and biodiversity. Few studies of glossy buckthorn’s effects on forest herbs exist, and none were done in early-successional, partially open hardwood forests. This study was conducted in [...] Read more.
Invasive glossy buckthorn could reduce restoration potential for understory native forest herbs by compromising their growth and biodiversity. Few studies of glossy buckthorn’s effects on forest herbs exist, and none were done in early-successional, partially open hardwood forests. This study was conducted in a mature hybrid poplar plantation invaded by buckthorn, located in southeastern Québec. We tested the effect of buckthorn removal on the growth of three forest herb species, whether this effect varied among species, and if canopy type (two poplar clones) influenced this effect. Forest herbs were planted in herbicide (buckthorn removed) and control treatments in the plantation understory, an environment similar to that of early-successional hardwood forests. Over the first two growing seasons, species showed specific reactions to buckthorn cover. Mean relative growth rate (RGR) for Asarum canadense and Polygonatum pubescens was increased in the herbicide treatment (48% and 33%, respectively) and decreased in the control treatment (−35% and −33%, respectively). Sanguinaria canadensis growth was the highest among species, with no difference between treatments. No effects of canopy type were detected. Results suggest that planting forest herbs for restoration purposes may be unsuccessful if buckthorn is present. Important changes in understory flora biodiversity are likely to occur over the long term in forests invaded by buckthorn. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ecological Restoration for Sustainable Forest Management)
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32 pages, 2599 KB  
Review
Sanguinaria canadensis: Traditional Medicine, Phytochemical Composition, Biological Activities and Current Uses
by Andrew Croaker, Graham J. King, John H. Pyne, Shailendra Anoopkumar-Dukie and Lei Liu
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2016, 17(9), 1414; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms17091414 - 27 Aug 2016
Cited by 92 | Viewed by 21986
Abstract
Sanguinaria canadensis, also known as bloodroot, is a traditional medicine used by Native Americans to treat a diverse range of clinical conditions. The plants rhizome contains several alkaloids that individually target multiple molecular processes. These bioactive compounds, mechanistically correlate with the plant’s [...] Read more.
Sanguinaria canadensis, also known as bloodroot, is a traditional medicine used by Native Americans to treat a diverse range of clinical conditions. The plants rhizome contains several alkaloids that individually target multiple molecular processes. These bioactive compounds, mechanistically correlate with the plant’s history of ethnobotanical use. Despite their identification over 50 years ago, the alkaloids of S. canadensis have not been developed into successful therapeutic agents. Instead, they have been associated with clinical toxicities ranging from mouthwash induced leukoplakia to cancer salve necrosis and treatment failure. This review explores the historical use of S. canadensis, the molecular actions of the benzophenanthridine and protopin alkaloids it contains, and explores natural alkaloid variation as a possible rationale for the inconsistent efficacy and toxicities encountered by S. canadensis therapies. Current veterinary and medicinal uses of the plant are studied with an assessment of obstacles to the pharmaceutical development of S. canadensis alkaloid based therapeutics. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Bioactives and Nutraceuticals)
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