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Search Results (4)

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Keywords = anterior proliferative vitreoretinopathy

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40 pages, 1804 KiB  
Review
Role of Oxidative Stress in Ocular Diseases: A Balancing Act
by Daisy Y. Shu, Suman Chaudhary, Kin-Sang Cho, Anton Lennikov, William P. Miller, David C. Thorn, Menglu Yang and Tina B. McKay
Metabolites 2023, 13(2), 187; https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo13020187 - 27 Jan 2023
Cited by 63 | Viewed by 6687
Abstract
Redox homeostasis is a delicate balancing act of maintaining appropriate levels of antioxidant defense mechanisms and reactive oxidizing oxygen and nitrogen species. Any disruption of this balance leads to oxidative stress, which is a key pathogenic factor in several ocular diseases. In this [...] Read more.
Redox homeostasis is a delicate balancing act of maintaining appropriate levels of antioxidant defense mechanisms and reactive oxidizing oxygen and nitrogen species. Any disruption of this balance leads to oxidative stress, which is a key pathogenic factor in several ocular diseases. In this review, we present the current evidence for oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in conditions affecting both the anterior segment (e.g., dry eye disease, keratoconus, cataract) and posterior segment (age-related macular degeneration, proliferative vitreoretinopathy, diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma) of the human eye. We posit that further development of therapeutic interventions to promote pro-regenerative responses and maintenance of the redox balance may delay or prevent the progression of these major ocular pathologies. Continued efforts in this field will not only yield a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of ocular diseases but also enable the identification of novel druggable redox targets and antioxidant therapies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bioenergetics and Cellular Dysfunction in the Brain and Eye)
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18 pages, 1591 KiB  
Review
Role of Decorin in the Lens and Ocular Diseases
by Eri Kubo, Shinsuke Shibata, Teppei Shibata, Hiroshi Sasaki and Dhirendra P. Singh
Cells 2023, 12(1), 74; https://doi.org/10.3390/cells12010074 - 24 Dec 2022
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 4461
Abstract
Decorin is an archetypal member of the small leucine-rich proteoglycan gene family and is involved in various biological functions and many signaling networks, interacting with extra-cellular matrix (ECM) components, growth factors, and receptor tyrosine kinases. Decorin also modulates the growth factors, cell proliferation, [...] Read more.
Decorin is an archetypal member of the small leucine-rich proteoglycan gene family and is involved in various biological functions and many signaling networks, interacting with extra-cellular matrix (ECM) components, growth factors, and receptor tyrosine kinases. Decorin also modulates the growth factors, cell proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis. It has been reported to be involved in many ischemic and fibrotic eye diseases, such as congenital stromal dystrophy of the cornea, anterior subcapsular fibrosis of the lens, proliferative vitreoretinopathy, et al. Furthermore, recent evidence supports its role in secondary posterior capsule opacification (PCO) after cataract surgery. The expression of decorin mRNA in lens epithelial cells in vitro was found to decrease upon transforming growth factor (TGF)-β-2 addition and increase upon fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-2 addition. Wound healing of the injured lens in mice transgenic for lens-specific human decorin was promoted by inhibiting myofibroblastic changes. Decorin may be associated with epithelial–mesenchymal transition and PCO development in the lens. Gene therapy and decorin administration have the potential to serve as excellent therapeutic approaches for modifying impaired wound healing, PCO, and other eye diseases related to fibrosis and angiogenesis. In this review, we present findings regarding the roles of decorin in the lens and ocular diseases. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Advances in Lens Biology and Pathology)
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9 pages, 1492 KiB  
Article
Peripheral Circumferential Retinal Detachment after Pars Plana Vitrectomy: Complications and Management
by Cherng-Ru Hsu and Chung-May Yang
J. Clin. Med. 2022, 11(16), 4856; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11164856 - 18 Aug 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2042
Abstract
Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate treatment outcomes and complications of peripheral circumferential retinal detachment (PCD) after successful vitrectomy. Methods: Eyes diagnosed with PCD after pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) were retrospectively reviewed. The patient demographic data, complications, management, and treatment outcomes were collected [...] Read more.
Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate treatment outcomes and complications of peripheral circumferential retinal detachment (PCD) after successful vitrectomy. Methods: Eyes diagnosed with PCD after pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) were retrospectively reviewed. The patient demographic data, complications, management, and treatment outcomes were collected and analyzed. Results: The mean follow-up duration was 18.0 ± 11.9 months. BCVA ranged from light perception to 0.1 (median: counting fingers at 40 cm). Major complications included rubeosis iridis (seven eyes), vitreous hemorrhage (five eyes), hyphema (five eyes), corneal decompensation (three eyes), hypotony (two eyes), and neovascular glaucoma (two eyes). All eyes underwent peripheral retinectomy to remove the detached retina and release traction. Complete retinal reattachment was achieved in all eyes. The final BCVA ranged from hand motion to 0.1 (median: counting fingers at 30 cm). Conclusion: PCD may be associated with delayed-onset complications, causing severe loss of vision. Proper management, including peripheral retinectomy, may preserve visual function. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Current Challenges in the Management of Vitreoretinal Conditions)
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7 pages, 1095 KiB  
Article
Encircling Scleral Buckling Surgery for Severe Hypotony with Ciliary Body Detachment on Anterior Segment Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography: A Case Series
by Sławomir Cisiecki, Karolina Bonińska and Maciej Bednarski
J. Clin. Med. 2022, 11(16), 4647; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11164647 - 9 Aug 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2075
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the usefulness of an encircling scleral buckling procedure to manage severe hypotony secondary to proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR)-induced retinal detachment. This retrospective study included six eyes of six patients (five women and one man) with hypotony (intraocular pressure [IOP] [...] Read more.
This study aimed to evaluate the usefulness of an encircling scleral buckling procedure to manage severe hypotony secondary to proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR)-induced retinal detachment. This retrospective study included six eyes of six patients (five women and one man) with hypotony (intraocular pressure [IOP] ≤ 6 mmHg) after multiple reattachment surgeries for PVR-induced retinal detachment. In patients with failure of hypotony resolution after conservative treatment (dexamethasone drops five times daily), 360° scleral buckling was performed under periocular anesthesia. The light perception was evaluated immediately postoperatively. The anatomic parameters were evaluated pre- and postoperatively observed on anterior segment swept-source optical coherence tomography. Ciliary body detachment (CBD) secondary to advanced cyclitic membranes associated with PVR grades C and D was detected in all eyes with hypotony. The mean IOP increased in all eyes (4.83 mmHg preoperatively vs. 10.17 mmHg postoperatively, p = 0.006), with subsequent improvement in best-corrected visual acuity (1.91 logMAR preoperatively vs. 1.50 logMAR postoperatively, p = 0.034). However, no eye showed any significant changes in CBD postoperatively. Scleral buckling surgery might be useful to increase IOP in eyes with persistent severe hypotonia secondary to PVR-induced CBD. Further studies are needed to improve outcomes in eyes with severe PVR-induced retinal detachment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Current Challenges in the Management of Vitreoretinal Conditions)
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