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Keywords = acrania

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11 pages, 494 KiB  
Case Report
Prenatal Diagnosis of Acrania in One Twin of a Dichorionic Diamniotic Pregnancy: A Case Report on Management and Perinatal Outcome
by Agnieszka Żalińska, Weronika Marcinkowska, Filip Gągorowski, Łukasz Sokołowski, Michał Krekora, Przemysław Oszukowski and Agnieszka Pięta-Dolińska
Reports 2025, 8(2), 75; https://doi.org/10.3390/reports8020075 - 22 May 2025
Viewed by 925
Abstract
Background and Clinical Significance: Twin pregnancies are associated with an increased risk of congenital malformations. One of them is rare but lethal—acrania—which belongs to the group of neural tube defects. The pathogenesis of acrania is not fully understood. It is presumed that [...] Read more.
Background and Clinical Significance: Twin pregnancies are associated with an increased risk of congenital malformations. One of them is rare but lethal—acrania—which belongs to the group of neural tube defects. The pathogenesis of acrania is not fully understood. It is presumed that the underlying mechanism of its development is a disorder of migration of mesenchymal tissue. The presence of an acrania in one of the twins may lead to complications such as polyhydramnios, preterm labor, or, in severe cases, an intrauterine death in one or both twins. Case Presentation: A 30-year-old woman (G4P4) was admitted to the Labor Department of a tertiary hospital in 30+3 weeks due to preterm labor. The patient was in a dichorionic diamniotic twin pregnancy with a single lethal fetal anomaly and severe polyhydramnios of a second twin. Hence, the caesarean section was immediately performed. Both twins were admitted to the Neonatology Department. The healthy neonate was hospitalized and discharged after 42 days in good condition. Palliative care for the twin with acrania was provided. Conclusions: Early detection of acrania in twin pregnancies is critical. It allows the implementation of appropriate management and targeted counseling, thereby minimizing the risk of complications both for unaffected twins and the mothers. Our case is a good model of action where a twin pregnancy with a diagnosed lethal defect in an ambulatory setting was managed, providing holistic specialized care. Full article
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16 pages, 14760 KiB  
Article
Congenital Anomalies in American Crocodile (Crocodylus acutus, Cuvier, 1807) Embryos from a Farm Breeder in Colombia
by Oscar Sierra Serrano, Andreia Garcês, Isabel Pires, John Alexander Calderón Mateus, Juan Medina Olivera and Jhesteiner Julio Dávila
Vet. Sci. 2024, 11(7), 317; https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci11070317 - 15 Jul 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2577
Abstract
The American crocodile (Crocodylus acutus, Cuvier, 1807) (Class Reptilia, Family Crocodylidae) is a crocodile species inhabiting the Neotropics. Congenital defects have been described in almost every vertebrate group. In crocodiles, teratology alterations have been described in captive animals (pets, zoos, farms) [...] Read more.
The American crocodile (Crocodylus acutus, Cuvier, 1807) (Class Reptilia, Family Crocodylidae) is a crocodile species inhabiting the Neotropics. Congenital defects have been described in almost every vertebrate group. In crocodiles, teratology alterations have been described in captive animals (pets, zoos, farms) such as Crocodylus niloticus or Gavialis gangeticus. The present study aimed to characterize congenital malformations of C. acutus from a farm in Lomas de Matunilla, Ballestas, Bolívar, Colombia. A total of 550 unhatched eggs were examined after embryo death. A total of 61 embryos presented malformations, with 42 different types of anomalies observed. Limb and tail malformations (29%) were the most common malformations observed. Several malformations, such as cephalothoracopagus, thoracopagus, sternopagus, xiphopagus twins, campylorrachis scoliosa, and acrania, were documented in crocodiles for the first time. Research in teratology enhances our understanding of crocodile biology. It plays a role in their conservation and management, thus helping to ensure the long-term viability of these species in their natural habitats. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue An Insight into Reptiles and Amphibians Pathology and Disease)
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