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Keywords = Tpp80Aa1 toxin

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38 pages, 4609 KB  
Article
Genomic Insights into the Bactericidal and Fungicidal Potential of Bacillus mycoides b12.3 Isolated in the Soil of Olkhon Island in Lake Baikal, Russia
by Maria N. Romanenko, Anton E. Shikov, Iuliia A. Savina, Fedor M. Shmatov, Anton A. Nizhnikov and Kirill S. Antonets
Microorganisms 2024, 12(12), 2450; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12122450 - 28 Nov 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2813
Abstract
The dispersal of plant pathogens is a threat to the global economy and food industry which necessitates the need to discover efficient biocontrol agents such as bacteria, fungi, etc., inhibiting them. Here, we describe the Bacillus mycoides strain b12.3 isolated from the soil [...] Read more.
The dispersal of plant pathogens is a threat to the global economy and food industry which necessitates the need to discover efficient biocontrol agents such as bacteria, fungi, etc., inhibiting them. Here, we describe the Bacillus mycoides strain b12.3 isolated from the soil of Olkhon Island in Lake Baikal, Russia. By applying the co-cultivation technique, we found that the strain inhibits the growth of plant pathogens, such as the bacteria Xanthomonas campestris, Clavibacter michiganensis, and Pectobacterium atrospecticum, as well as the fungus Alternaria solani. To elucidate the genomic fundament explaining these activities, we leveraged next-generation whole-genome sequencing and obtained a high-quality assembly based on short reads. The isolate bore seven known BGCs (biosynthetic gene clusters), including those responsible for producing bacillibactin, fengycin, and petrobactin. Moreover, the genome contained insecticidal genes encoding for App4Aa1, Tpp78Ba1, and Spp1Aa1 toxins, thus implicating possible pesticidal potential. We compared the genome with the 50 closest assemblies and found that b12.3 is enriched with BGCs. The genomic analysis also revealed that genomic architecture corresponds to the experimentally observed activity spectrum implying that the combination of produced secondary metabolites delineates the range of inhibited phytopathogens Therefore, this study deepens our knowledge of the biology and ecology of B. mycoides residing in the Lake Baikal region. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microbial Biocontrol in the Agri-Food Industry, 2nd Edition)
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17 pages, 2288 KB  
Article
Bacillus thuringiensis Cyt Proteins as Enablers of Activity of Cry and Tpp Toxins against Aedes albopictus
by Liliana Lai, Maite Villanueva, Ane Muruzabal-Galarza, Ana Beatriz Fernández, Argine Unzue, Alejandro Toledo-Arana, Primitivo Caballero and Carlos J. Caballero
Toxins 2023, 15(3), 211; https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins15030211 - 10 Mar 2023
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 5722
Abstract
Aedes albopictus is a species of mosquito, originally from Southeast Asia, that belongs to the Culicidae family and the Dipteran insect order. The distribution of this vector has rapidly changed over the past decade, making most of the temperate territories in the world [...] Read more.
Aedes albopictus is a species of mosquito, originally from Southeast Asia, that belongs to the Culicidae family and the Dipteran insect order. The distribution of this vector has rapidly changed over the past decade, making most of the temperate territories in the world vulnerable to important human vector-borne diseases such as dengue, yellow fever, zika or chikungunya. Bacillus thuringiensis var. israeliensis (Bti)-based insecticides represent a realistic alternative to the most common synthetic insecticides for the control of mosquito larvae. However, several studies have revealed emerging resistances to the major Bti Crystal proteins such as Cry4Aa, Cry4Ba and Cry11Aa, making the finding of new toxins necessary to diminish the exposure to the same toxicity factors overtime. Here, we characterized the individual activity of Cyt1Aa, Cry4Aa, Cry4Ba and Cry11Aa against A. albopictus and found a new protein, Cyt1A-like, that increases the activity of Cry11Aa more than 20-fold. Additionally, we demonstrated that Cyt1A-like facilitates the activity three new Bti toxins: Cry53-like, Cry56A-like and Tpp36-like. All in all, these results provide alternatives to the currently available Bti products for the control of mosquito populations and position Cyt proteins as enablers of activity for otherwise non-active crystal proteins. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bacillus thuringiensis: A Broader View of Its Biocidal Activity)
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16 pages, 2345 KB  
Article
The Crystal Structure of Bacillus thuringiensis Tpp80Aa1 and Its Interaction with Galactose-Containing Glycolipids
by Hannah L. Best, Lainey J. Williamson, Magdalena Lipka-Lloyd, Helen Waller-Evans, Emyr Lloyd-Evans, Pierre J. Rizkallah and Colin Berry
Toxins 2022, 14(12), 863; https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins14120863 - 8 Dec 2022
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 4504
Abstract
Tpp80Aa1 from Bacillus thuringiensis is a Toxin_10 family protein (Tpp) with reported action against Culex mosquitoes. Here, we demonstrate an expanded target range, showing Tpp80Aa1 is also active against the larvae of Anopheles gambiae and Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. We report the first crystal [...] Read more.
Tpp80Aa1 from Bacillus thuringiensis is a Toxin_10 family protein (Tpp) with reported action against Culex mosquitoes. Here, we demonstrate an expanded target range, showing Tpp80Aa1 is also active against the larvae of Anopheles gambiae and Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. We report the first crystal structure of Tpp80Aa1 at a resolution of 1.8 Å, which shows Tpp80Aa1 consists of two domains: an N-terminal β-trefoil domain resembling a ricin B lectin and a C-terminal putative pore-forming domain sharing structural similarity with the aerolysin family. Similar to other Tpp family members, we observe Tpp80Aa1 binds to the mosquito midgut, specifically the posterior midgut and the gastric caecum. We also identify that Tpp80Aa1 can interact with galactose-containing glycolipids and galactose, and this interaction is critical for exerting full insecticidal action against mosquito target cell lines. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bacillus thuringiensis: A Broader View of Its Biocidal Activity)
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