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15 pages, 3450 KiB

Open AccessArticle

A Comparison of Photodynamic Therapy and Topical Clobetasol in Treatment of Oral Lichen Planus: A Split-Mouth Randomized Controlled Study

by Jacek Zborowski, Dorota Kida, Bożena Karolewicz, Kamil Jurczyszyn and Tomasz Konopka

J. Clin. Med. 2025, 14(3), 681; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14030681 - 21 Jan 2025

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Abstract

Background: The study aimed to compare the effectiveness of photodynamic therapy (PDT) and topical clobetasol therapy in treating oral lichen planus (OLP). To address the absence of commercially available drug carriers, innovative proprietary solutions were developed. These carriers were designed to enhance the therapies: one for the photosensitizer to reduce its contact time with the mucosa, and another for the steroid to prolong its contact duration. Methods: A randomized, single-blind clinical trial lasting three months was conducted on 29 patients with bilateral oral lichen planus using a full contralateral split-mouth design. The authors utilized proprietary carriers containing 5% methylene blue and 0.025%. Lesion size, as well as scores on the Thongprasom, Abisis, and VASs, were assessed during the study. Results: Relatively low rates of complete remission of lichen were demonstrated immediately after treatment, 10.3% after PDT and 3.4% after clobetasol, but after 3 months, 79% after PDT, and 62% after CLO. After 3 months of treatment, a reduction of 79.88% for PDT and 56.3% for CLO in the area of the evaluated lesions was achieved. Conclusions: PDT emerges as an equally effective method for treating OLP in terms of clinical outcomes, with the added advantage of avoiding many complications associated with conventional therapy. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Management of Oral Healthcare in Diverse Patient Populations)

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11 pages, 748 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Photodynamic Therapy, Photobiomodulation and Acetonide Triamcinolone 0.1% in the Treatment of Oral Lichen Planus: A Randomized Clinical Trial

by Carmen Salinas-Gilabert, Francisco Gómez García, Fe Galera Molero, Eduardo Pons-Fuster, Seppe Vander Beken and Pia Lopez Jornet

Pharmaceutics 2023, 15(1), 30; https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics15010030 - 22 Dec 2022

Cited by 11 | Viewed by 3079

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photobiomodulation (PBM) in the treatment of oral lichen planus (OLP) in comparison with the use of topical corticosteroids. Material and methods: Sixty patients with OLP were randomized to three groups: group 1 photodynamic therapy applied once a week for four sessions, with orabase cream; group 2 low-power laser application with orabase cream; and group 3 inactive laser with triamcinolone acetonide 0.1%. Patient pain was evaluated, and the Thongprasom severity score, the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14), and the Hamilton anxiety and depression scale at one and three months of follow-up. (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05127083). Results: Pain decreased significantly over time in all groups, though the symptoms relapsed over follow-up at one and three months in group 3. The OHIP-14 score improved significantly in groups 1 and 2 (p < 0.05), and this improvement was maintained after three months. Lesion resolution evaluated by the Thongprasom score at one month showed significant differences between groups 1 and 3 (p = 0.032) and between groups 2 and 3 (p = 0.024). Conclusions: Photodynamic therapy and photobiomodulation once a week for four weeks are safe and non-invasive treatment options, with the important advantage of lacking adverse effects. Further studies are needed to confirm it. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Application of Photodynamic Therapy in Dermatology)

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11 pages, 1461 KiB

Open AccessFeature PaperArticle

Analysis of the Efficacy of Two Treatment Protocols for Patients with Symptomatic Oral Lichen Planus: A Randomized Clinical Trial

by Simona Santonocito, Alessandro Polizzi, Rocco De Pasquale, Vincenzo Ronsivalle, Antonino Lo Giudice and Gaetano Isola

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18(1), 56; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18010056 - 23 Dec 2020

Cited by 18 | Viewed by 5045

Abstract

Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic, inflammatory, immune-mediated disease, which can alter the quality of life of patients. The aim of this randomized clinical trial was to compare the therapeutic efficacy of clobetasol oral gel 0.05% versus an anti-inflammatory in oral solution (mouthwash) in the management of patients suffering from symptomatic OLP. The secondary objective was to analyze which one of the two treatments induced a greater risk of developing side effects. Forty patients were assigned (20 patients for group), through a randomized design, to receive clobetasol gel 0.05% or an anti-inflammatory mouthwash, which contains calcium hydroxide, hyaluronic acid, umbelliferone and oligomeric pro-anthocyanidins) for three months. At baseline (T0) and after 3 months (T1), patients underwent dental and dermatological examinations to assess their symptoms (Numerical Pain Scale (NRS) score) and signs (Thongprasom score). Data were calculated using T-test for the dependent variable, Wilcoxon test and Mann-Whitney u test. Both clobetasol and anti-inflammatory resulted in a statistically significant reduction of signs, (p < 0.001 and p = 0.02, respectively) and symptoms (p < 0.001 for clobetasol and p = 0.02 for anti-inflammatory). In conclusion, the results evidenced that, compared to clobetasol, the anti-inflammatory was less effective in determining the reduction of signs and symptom in OLP patients. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dental Public Health: Issues, Challenges and Opportunities)

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12 pages, 241 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Association between Clinical Signs of Oral Lichen Planus and Oral Health-Related Quality of Life: A Preliminary Study

by Sasirin Yiemstan, Sudaduang Krisdapong and Pornpan Piboonratanakit

Dent. J. 2020, 8(4), 113; https://doi.org/10.3390/dj8040113 - 4 Oct 2020

Cited by 16 | Viewed by 5621

Abstract

Subjective patient’s symptoms and Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) are recommended to be involved in oral lichen planus (OLP) studies. This study aims to assess the OHRQoL of OLP patients, and their associations with pain and OLP in Thai patients. Sixty-nine patients were interviewed using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) for pain perception and Oral Impacts on Daily Performance (OIDP) index. OLP signs examined included localization, types, number of affected sides and clinical severity using the Thongprasom sign scoring system. There were significant associations (r_s = 0.490, p < 0.001) between clinical severity and the intensity of oral impacts as well as pain (r_s = 0.298, p = 0.013). The intensity of oral impacts and pain increased according to the increasing OLP clinical severity, except for the white striae lesions (Thongprasom sign score 1). The erosive/ulcerative OLP lesions (Thongprasom sign scores 4 and 5) were the most painful symptom and had the highest degree of oral impacts (p < 0.001). No significant associations were found between the number of affected lesion sides and OHRQoL (p = 0.316) and pain (p = 0.284). OHRQoL was associated with OLP type and clinical severity but not with the number of affected sides. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oral Medicine)

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