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26 pages, 2595 KiB

Open AccessReview

Recent Advances in the Structure, Extraction, and Biological Activity of Sargassum fusiforme Polysaccharides

by Shun Zhang, Liang Chen, Nan Shang, Kefeng Wu and Wang Liao

Mar. Drugs 2025, 23(3), 98; https://doi.org/10.3390/md23030098 - 23 Feb 2025

Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1922

Sargassum fusiforme polysaccharides (SFPs) are acidic polysaccharides that possess significant medicinal and commercial potential. This review aims to summarize recent advances in the structure, extraction methods, and diverse biological activities of SFPs, including their antioxidant, antitumor, immunomodulatory, antiviral, intestinal flora-regulating, and anti-diabetic properties. The key findings reveal the complex composition of polysaccharides, highlighting alginic acid, fucoidan, and laminaran as the primary constituents, and detailing their structural features. At the same time, the characteristics as well as the advantages and disadvantages of hot water extraction, acid extraction, alkali extraction, ultrasonic extraction, microwave extraction, and enzyme extraction were systematically compared. Finally, this review concludes by emphasizing the necessity for further research to elucidate the structure–function relationships of SFPs, optimize their extraction techniques, and provide a theoretical foundation for subsequent studies. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Biomaterials of Marine Origin)

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11 pages, 6640 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Protective Effect of Sargassum fusiforme Fucoidan against Ethanol-Induced Oxidative Damage in In Vitro and In Vivo Models

by Lei Wang, Jae-Young Oh, Hye-Won Yang, Jimin Hyun, Ginnae Ahn, Xiaoting Fu, Jiachao Xu, Xin Gao, Seon-Heui Cha and You-Jin Jeon

Polymers 2023, 15(8), 1912; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15081912 - 17 Apr 2023

Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2586

Abstract

Our previous studies have evaluated the bioactivities of a fucoidan isolated from Sargassum fusiforme (SF-F). To further investigate the health benefit of SF-F, in the present study, the protective effect of SF-F against ethanol (EtOH)-induced oxidative damage has been evaluated in in vitro and in vivo models. SF-F effectively improved the viability of EtOH-treated Chang liver cells by suppressing apoptosis. In addition, the in vivo test results indicate that SF-F significantly and dose-dependently increased the survival rate of zebrafish treated with EtOH. Further research results show that this action works through decreasing cell death via reduced lipid peroxidation by scavenging intracellular reactive oxygen species in EtOH-stimulated zebrafish. These results indicate that SF-F effectively protected Chang liver cells and zebrafish against EtOH-induced oxidative damage and suggest the potential of SF-F to be used as an ingredient in the functional food industry. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Natural Polymers: Isolation, Modification, and Applications)

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18 pages, 2839 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Stimulating the Hematopoietic Effect of Simulated Digestive Product of Fucoidan from Sargassum fusiforme on Cyclophosphamide-Induced Hematopoietic Damage in Mice and Its Protective Mechanisms Based on Serum Lipidomics

by Wei-Ping Ma, Shi-Ning Yin, Jia-Peng Chen, Xi-Cheng Geng, Ming-Fei Liu, Hai-Hua Li, Ming Liu and Hong-Bing Liu

Mar. Drugs 2022, 20(3), 201; https://doi.org/10.3390/md20030201 - 9 Mar 2022

Cited by 10 | Viewed by 3863

Abstract

Hematopoietic damage is a serious side effect of cytotoxic drugs, and agents promoting hematopoiesis are quite important for decreasing the death rate in cancer patients. In our previous work, we prepared the simulated digestive product of fucoidan from Sargassum fusiforme, DSFF, and found that DSFF could activate macrophages. However, more investigations are needed to further evaluate whether DSFF could promote hematopoiesis in the chemotherapy process. In this study, the protective effect of DSFF (1.8–7.2 mg/kg, i.p.) on cyclophosphamide-induced hematopoietic damage in mice and the underlying mechanisms were investigated. Our results show that DSFF could restore the numbers of white blood cells, neutrophils, and platelets in the peripheral blood, and could also retard bone marrow cell decrease in mice with cyclophosphamide-induced hematopoietic damage. UPLC/Q-Extraction Orbitrap/MS/MS-based lipidomics results reveal 16 potential lipid biomarkers in a serum that responded to hematopoietic damage in mice. Among them, PC (20:1/14:0) and SM (18:0/22:0) were the key lipid molecules through which DSFF exerted protective actions. In a validation experiment, DSFF (6.25–100 μg/mL) could also promote K562 cell proliferation and differentiation in vitro. The current findings indicated that DSFF could affect the blood cells and bone marrow cells in vivo and thus showed good potential and application value in alleviating the hematopoietic damage caused by cyclophosphamide. Full article

(This article belongs to the Collection Marine Polysaccharides)

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14 pages, 1204 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 Virus Entry by the Crude Polysaccharides of Seaweeds and Abalone Viscera In Vitro

by Sung-Kun Yim, Kian Kim, Inhee Kim, SangHo Chun, TaeHwan Oh, Jin-Ung Kim, Jungwon Kim, WooHuk Jung, Hosang Moon, Bosung Ku and Kyoojin Jung

Mar. Drugs 2021, 19(4), 219; https://doi.org/10.3390/md19040219 - 15 Apr 2021

Cited by 65 | Viewed by 6835

Abstract

Much attention is being devoted to the potential of marine sulfated polysaccharides as antiviral agents in preventing COVID-19. In this study, sulfated fucoidan and crude polysaccharides, extracted from six seaweed species (Undaria pinnatifida sporophyll, Laminaria japonica, Hizikia fusiforme, Sargassum horneri, Codium fragile, Porphyra tenera) and Haliotis discus hannai (abalone viscera), were screened for their inhibitory activity against SARS-CoV-2 virus entry. Most of them showed significant antiviral activities at an IC50 of 12~289 μg/mL against SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus in HEK293/ACE2, except for P. tenera (IC50 > 1000 μg/mL). The crude polysaccharide of S. horneri showed the strongest antiviral activity, with an IC50 of 12 μg/mL, to prevent COVID-19 entry, and abalone viscera and H. fusiforme could also inhibit SARS-CoV-2 infection with an IC50 of 33 μg/mL and 47 μg/mL, respectively. The common properties of these crude polysaccharides, which have strong antiviral activity, are high molecular weight (>800 kDa), high total carbohydrate (62.7~99.1%), high fucose content (37.3~66.2%), and highly branched polysaccharides. These results indicated that the crude polysaccharides from seaweeds and abalone viscera can effectively inhibit SARS-CoV-2 entry. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Marine Natural Products against Coronaviruses)

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