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The Pseudomonas genus includes ubiquitous bacteria frequently described as animal and human opportunistic pathogens. A 9-year-old cat was referred for rhinoscopy at the Veterinary Hospital of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Portugal, for an investigation of the chronic respiratory signs. Upon rhinoscopy, nasal and nasopharyngeal discharge were observed, and the nasal turbinates showed signs of inflammation. The nasal biopsies were evaluated by histopathology and mycological and bacterial cultures. The histopathology revealed chronic lymphoplasmacytic inflammation. The mycological culture was negative, but the bacterial culture revealed the growth of a bacterial isolate in the pure culture, identified as P. aestus by the sequencing of a 1750 bp PCR amplicon obtained with BCR1 and BCR2 primers, followed by homologous sequences analysis using the NCBI database. The isolate’s susceptibility profile towards 14 antimicrobials was evaluated through the disk diffusion method, being observed that it presented a multidrug resistance profile. The studies available on this environmental Pseudomonas strain focused on its potential use for biocide production and application in agricultural settings, and, to the authors’ best knowledge, there are no reports describing its association with infectious diseases in humans or animals, highlighting the importance of establishing protocols aiming at the identification and characterization of non-traditional, multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas in the clinical setting. Full article

The Pseudomonas chlororaphis phylogenetic subgroup of species, within the Pseudomonas fluorescens group, currently includes seven bacterial species, all of which have environmental relevance. Phylogenomic analyses help clarify the taxonomy of strains in the group and allow for precise identification. Thirteen antibiotic-resistant strains isolated in a previous study from nine different sampling sites in the Danube River were suspected to represent a novel species and are investigated taxonomically in the present study, together with four other strains isolated from the Woluwe River (Belgium) that were phylogenetically closely related in their rpoD gene sequences. The strains were characterized phenotypically, chemotaxonomically (fatty acid composition and main protein profiles), and phylogenetically. They could not be assigned to any known Pseudomonas species. Three genomes of representative strains were sequenced and analyzed in the context of the genome sequences of closely related strains available in public databases. The phylogenomic analysis demonstrates the need to differentiate new genomic species within the P. chlororaphis subgroup and that Pseudomonas piscis and Pseudomonas aestus are synonyms. This taxonomic study demonstrates that 14 of the characterized isolates are members of the Pseudomonas_E protegens_A species in the GTDB taxonomy and that they represent a novel species in the genus Pseudomonas, for which we propose the name Pseudomonas danubii sp. nov. with strain JDS02PS016T (=CECT 30214T = CCUG 74756T) as the type strain. The other three strains (JDS08PS003, rDWA16, and rDWA64) are members of the species Pseudomonas_E protegens_B in the GTDB taxonomy and need further investigation for proposal as a new bacterial species. Full article