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Keywords = Ornithogalum saundersiae

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14 pages, 2897 KiB  
Article
Elucidation of OSW-1-Induced Stress Responses in Neuro2a Cells
by Kentaro Oh-hashi, Hibiki Nakamura, Hirotaka Ogawa, Yoko Hirata and Kaori Sakurai
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(6), 5787; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24065787 - 17 Mar 2023
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 3049
Abstract
OSW-1, a steroidal saponin isolated from the bulbs of Ornithogalum saundersiae, is a promising compound for an anticancer drug; however, its cytotoxic mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. Therefore, we analyzed the stress responses triggered by OSW-1 in the mouse neuroblastoma cell line [...] Read more.
OSW-1, a steroidal saponin isolated from the bulbs of Ornithogalum saundersiae, is a promising compound for an anticancer drug; however, its cytotoxic mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. Therefore, we analyzed the stress responses triggered by OSW-1 in the mouse neuroblastoma cell line Neuro2a by comparing it with brefeldin A (BFA), a Golgi apparatus-disrupting reagent. Among the Golgi stress sensors TFE3/TFEB and CREB3, OSW-1 induced dephosphorylation of TFE3/TFEB but not cleavage of CREB3, and induction of the ER stress-inducible genes GADD153 and GADD34 was slight. On the other hand, the induction of LC3-II, an autophagy marker, was more pronounced than the BFA stimulation. To elucidate OSW-1-induced gene expression, we performed a comprehensive gene analysis using a microarray method and observed changes in numerous genes involved in lipid metabolism, such as cholesterol, and in the regulation of the ER–Golgi apparatus. Abnormalities in ER–Golgi transport were also evident in the examination of secretory activity using NanoLuc-tag genes. Finally, we established Neuro2a cells lacking oxysterol-binding protein (OSBP), which were severely reduced by OSW-1, but found OSBP deficiency had little effect on OSW-1-induced cell death and the LC3-II/LC3-I ratio in Neuro2a cells. Future work to elucidate the relationship between OSW-1-induced atypical Golgi stress responses and autophagy induction may lead to the development of new anticancer agents. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Stress Signaling and Programmed Cell Death)
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15 pages, 2481 KiB  
Article
Transcriptome-Wide Identification of an Aurone Glycosyltransferase with Glycosidase Activity from Ornithogalum saundersiae
by Shuai Yuan, Ming Liu, Yan Yang, Jiu-Ming He, Ya-Nan Wang and Jian-Qiang Kong
Genes 2018, 9(7), 327; https://doi.org/10.3390/genes9070327 - 28 Jun 2018
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 3964
Abstract
Aurone glycosides display a variety of biological activities. However, reports about glycosyltransferases (GTs) responsible for aurones glycosylation are limited. Here, the transcriptome-wide discovery and identification of an aurone glycosyltransferase with glycosidase activity is reported. Specifically, a complementary DNA (cDNA), designated as OsUGT1, was [...] Read more.
Aurone glycosides display a variety of biological activities. However, reports about glycosyltransferases (GTs) responsible for aurones glycosylation are limited. Here, the transcriptome-wide discovery and identification of an aurone glycosyltransferase with glycosidase activity is reported. Specifically, a complementary DNA (cDNA), designated as OsUGT1, was isolated from the plant Ornithogalum saundersiae based on transcriptome mining. Conserved domain (CD)-search speculated OsUGT1 as a flavonoid GT. Phylogenetically, OsUGT1 is clustered as the same phylogenetic group with a putative 5,6-dihydroxyindoline-2-carboxylic acid (cyclo-DOPA) 5-O-glucosyltransferase, suggesting OsUGT1 may be an aurone glycosyltransferase. The purified OsUGT1 was therefore used as a biocatalyst to incubate with the representative aurone sulfuretin. In vitro enzymatic analyses showed that OsUGT1 was able to catalyze sulfuretin to form corresponding monoglycosides, suggesting OsUGT1 was indeed an aurone glycosyltransferase. OsUGT1 was observed to be a flavonoid GT, specific for flavonoid substrates. Moreover, OsUGT1 was demonstrated to display transglucosylation activity, transferring glucosyl group to sulfuretin via o-Nitrophenyl-β-d-glucopyranoside (oNP-β-Glc)-dependent fashion. In addition, OsUGT1-catalyzed hydrolysis was observed. This multifunctionality of OcUGT1 will broaden the application of OcUGT1 in glycosylation of aurones and other flavonoids. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Plant Metabolic Engineering of High Value Bioactive Products)
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12 pages, 552 KiB  
Article
Effects of Chitooligosaccharide Coating Combined with Selected Ionic Polymers on the Stimulation of Ornithogalum saundersiae Growth
by Piotr Salachna, Monika Grzeszczuk and Marcin Soból
Molecules 2017, 22(11), 1903; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules22111903 - 4 Nov 2017
Cited by 18 | Viewed by 5535
Abstract
Recently, agricultural and horticultural sectors have shown an increased interest in the use of biopolymers and their derivatives as growth biostimulators. So far, coating is a little known method of applying the biostimulators. Our three-year study investigated coating the bulbs of Ornithogalum saundersiae [...] Read more.
Recently, agricultural and horticultural sectors have shown an increased interest in the use of biopolymers and their derivatives as growth biostimulators. So far, coating is a little known method of applying the biostimulators. Our three-year study investigated coating the bulbs of Ornithogalum saundersiae with chitooligosaccharide (COS), sodium alginate, carrageenan, gellan gum and xanthan gum. The coating method was based on the formation of polyelectrolyte complexes. The COS with 48,000 g mol−1 molecular weight was contained by means of controlled free-radical degradation. Biopolymer coatings stimulated plant growth and flowering, total chlorophyll content, total polyphenol content and the levels of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and boron. The plants grown from the bulbs coated with COS + gellan gum exhibited the most vigorous growth, were first to flower, showed the highest antioxidant activity (DPPH), and the greatest content of pigments, polyphenols, l-ascorbic acid, potassium, phosphorus, zinc and manganese. These results suggest COS formulated with gellan gum shows promise as a potential biostimulator of plant growth. Full article
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21 pages, 4206 KiB  
Article
Structural Characterization of Cholestane Rhamnosides from Ornithogalum saundersiae Bulbs and Their Cytotoxic Activity against Cultured Tumor Cells
by Tomoki Iguchi, Minpei Kuroda, Rei Naito, Tomoyuki Watanabe, Yukiko Matsuo, Akihito Yokosuka and Yoshihiro Mimaki
Molecules 2017, 22(8), 1243; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules22081243 - 25 Jul 2017
Cited by 18 | Viewed by 4749
Abstract
Previous phytochemical studies of the bulbs of Ornithogalum saundersiae, an ornamental perennial plant native to South Africa, resulted in the isolation of 29 new cholestane glycosides, some of which were structurally unique and showed potent cytotoxic activity against cultured tumor cell lines. [...] Read more.
Previous phytochemical studies of the bulbs of Ornithogalum saundersiae, an ornamental perennial plant native to South Africa, resulted in the isolation of 29 new cholestane glycosides, some of which were structurally unique and showed potent cytotoxic activity against cultured tumor cell lines. Therefore, we aimed to perform further phytochemical examinations of methanolic extracts obtained from Ornithogalum saundersiae bulbs, isolating 12 new cholestane rhamnosides (112) and seven known compounds (1319). The structures of the new compounds (112) were identified via NMR-based structural characterization methods, and through a sequence of chemical transformations followed by spectroscopic and chromatographic analysis. The cytotoxic activity of the isolated compounds (119) and the derivatives (1a and 6a) against HL-60 human promyelocytic leukemia cells and A549 human lung adenocarcinoma cells was evaluated. Compounds 1012, 16, and 17 showed cytotoxicity against both HL-60 and A549 cells. Compound 11 showed potent cytotoxicity with an IC50 value of 0.16 µM against HL-60 cells and induced apoptotic cell death via a mitochondrion-independent pathway. Full article
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14 pages, 443 KiB  
Article
Molecular Cloning and Yeast Expression of Cinnamate 4-Hydroxylase from Ornithogalum saundersiae Baker
by Jian-Qiang Kong, Di Lu and Zhi-Biao Wang
Molecules 2014, 19(2), 1608-1621; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules19021608 - 28 Jan 2014
Cited by 22 | Viewed by 8103
Abstract
OSW-1, isolated from the bulbs of Ornithogalum saundersiae Baker, is a steroidal saponin endowed with considerable antitumor properties. Biosynthesis of the 4-methoxybenzoyl group on the disaccharide moiety of OSW-1 is known to take place biochemically via the phenylpropanoid biosynthetic pathway, but molecular biological [...] Read more.
OSW-1, isolated from the bulbs of Ornithogalum saundersiae Baker, is a steroidal saponin endowed with considerable antitumor properties. Biosynthesis of the 4-methoxybenzoyl group on the disaccharide moiety of OSW-1 is known to take place biochemically via the phenylpropanoid biosynthetic pathway, but molecular biological characterization of the related genes has been insufficient. Cinnamic acid 4-hydroxylase (C4H, EC 1.14.13.11), catalyzing the hydroxylation of trans-cinnamic acid to p-coumaric acid, plays a key role in the ability of phenylpropanoid metabolism to channel carbon to produce the 4-methoxybenzoyl group on the disaccharide moiety of OSW-1. Molecular isolation and functional characterization of the C4H genes, therefore, is an important step for pathway characterization of 4-methoxybenzoyl group biosynthesis. In this study, a gene coding for C4H, designated as OsaC4H, was isolated according to the transcriptome sequencing results of Ornithogalum saundersiae. The full-length OsaC4H cDNA is 1,608-bp long, with a 1,518-bp open reading frame encoding a protein of 505 amino acids, a 55-bp 5′ non-coding region and a 35-bp 3'-untranslated region. OsaC4H was functionally characterized by expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and shown to catalyze the oxidation of trans-cinnamic acid to p-coumaric acid, which was identified by high performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection (HPLC-DAD), HPLC-MS and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis. The identification of the OsaC4H gene was expected to open the way to clarification of the biosynthetic pathway of OSW-1. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Natural Products Chemistry)
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