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Keywords = New Guinea Islands Terrane

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16 pages, 5990 KiB  
Review
The Geological and Tectonic Evolution of Feni, Papua New Guinea
by Olive L. Ponyalou, Michael G. Petterson and Joseph O. Espi
Geosciences 2023, 13(9), 257; https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences13090257 - 24 Aug 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 6181
Abstract
Feni is located at the southeastern end of the NW-trending Tabar–Lihir–Tanga–Feni (TLTF) volcanic island chain, in northeastern Papua New Guinea. This island chain is renowned for hosting alkaline volcanics, geothermal activity, copper–gold mineralization, and mining. There is no agreed consensus on the tectonic [...] Read more.
Feni is located at the southeastern end of the NW-trending Tabar–Lihir–Tanga–Feni (TLTF) volcanic island chain, in northeastern Papua New Guinea. This island chain is renowned for hosting alkaline volcanics, geothermal activity, copper–gold mineralization, and mining. There is no agreed consensus on the tectonic and petrogenetic evolution of Feni. Thus, the purpose of our paper is to present the geology of Feni within the context of the regional tectonic evolution of the TLTF chain and offer a succinct and generic geodynamic model that sets the stage for our next paper. The methodologies used in this study include a critical review of published and unpublished literature in conjunction with our geological observations on Feni. The Pliocene-to-Holocene TLTF chain is a younger arc situated within the greater Eocene-to-Oligocene Melanesian Arc bounded by New Ireland to the west, the Kilinailau Trench and Ontong Java Plateau in the east, and the New Britain Trench to the south. The geological units mapped on Feni include a large volume of basaltic lava flow and trachyandesite stocks intruding a limestone and siltstone basement. Younger units include the trachyte domes, pyroclastic flow, and ash fall deposits. The major structures on Feni are normal or extensional faults such as the Niffin Graben. Feni magmatism is attributed to the petrogenetic processes of polybaric or decompression melting and crystal fractionation of magmas previously influenced by sediment assimilation, mantle wedge metasomatism, slab tears, slab melts, and subduction. Deep lithospheric normal faults provide the fluid pathways for the Feni alkaline magmas. Full article
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14 pages, 2202 KiB  
Article
National-Scale Geochemical Baseline and Anomalies of Chromium in Papua New Guinea
by Yuhao Zhao, Conrad Kumul, Tiangang Wang, Nathan Mosusu, Zhongyou Yao, Yiping Zhu, Bimin Zhang and Xueqiu Wang
Minerals 2023, 13(2), 205; https://doi.org/10.3390/min13020205 - 31 Jan 2023
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 4139
Abstract
Papua New Guinea (PNG) is located at the convergence edge of the Pacific Plate and the Indo-Australian Plate, consisting of three units. There are three chromium mineralization types in PNG. Based on national-scale geochemical mapping in PNG during 2015–2018, 1399 samples of stream [...] Read more.
Papua New Guinea (PNG) is located at the convergence edge of the Pacific Plate and the Indo-Australian Plate, consisting of three units. There are three chromium mineralization types in PNG. Based on national-scale geochemical mapping in PNG during 2015–2018, 1399 samples of stream sediments were collected from Highland Region, Papua Peninsula, and New Guinea Islands. This paper preliminarily studied chromium’s geochemical background, spatial distribution characteristics, and geochemical anomalies. The chromium concentration ranged from 3 ppm to 74,600 ppm, with a median value of 145 ppm, which was higher than the upper crustal abundance of chromium and the chromium geochemical baseline of Europe, Australia, North America, and China. In terms of stream sediment samples in different tectonic units, as mafic–ultramafic magmatic rocks are widely developed, the median chromium values of the New Guinea Orogen, including the Papuan Fold Belt, the New Guinea Thrust Belt, the Finisterre Terrane, the Aure Fold Belt, the Eastern Fold Belt, and the Eastern Papuan Composite Terrane, were higher than the value of the Melanesian Arc. The ophiolitic complexes, such as the April ophiolite, the Marum ophiolite, and the Papua ultramafic belt, significantly correlated with the higher chromium concentration. Eleven chromium high anomalies with mineralization potential were delineated, including three laterite and podiform prospecting areas and eight placer prospecting areas. Based on the chromium–nickel integrated anomaly map, comprehensive exploration and exploitation of nickel and chromium can be carried out in 1 and 11 high anomaly areas related to lateritic mineralization. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Critical Metal Minerals)
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