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Keywords = Moxostoma

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38 pages, 7529 KiB  
Review
Biology and Conservation of Moxostoma spp. Occurring in Canada with Emphasis on the Copper Redhorse (M. hubbsi, Legendre 1952), an Endemic Species on an Extinction Trajectory
by Nathalie R. Le François, Charles Drouin-Johnson, Hugo C. Marchand, Sophie Lemire and Pierre U. Blier
Conservation 2025, 5(2), 27; https://doi.org/10.3390/conservation5020027 - 12 Jun 2025
Viewed by 1848
Abstract
Freshwater fishes are one of the most threatened animal taxa in North America. In Canada, roughly 30% of the occurring species are currently listed and under protection, including redhorses. This review covers Moxostoma spp. ecology, biology, conservation efforts, and highlights challenges to galvanize [...] Read more.
Freshwater fishes are one of the most threatened animal taxa in North America. In Canada, roughly 30% of the occurring species are currently listed and under protection, including redhorses. This review covers Moxostoma spp. ecology, biology, conservation efforts, and highlights challenges to galvanize actions and outcomes through research. The threats to their survival are strongly associated to increasing anthropogenic pressures, superimposed by climate change effects. In Canada, recovery plans for the copper and the black redhorse, and a management plan for the river redhorse, are operational. The recovery strategy for the copper redhorse relies on stocking campaigns of 0+ juveniles, which was exclusively based on artificial breeding of captured wild broodstock. A conservation aquaculture program that includes genetic diversity and adaptation considerations was recently initiated, and the areas of refinement identified are the following: broodstock and early-life rearing protocols and environmental and physical enrichment protocols to improve juveniles’ post-release fitness. Research through the prism of conservation physiology is proposed in the identification welfare and health bioindicators and adaptability/response to climatic change. Concurrently, aquatic ecosystem protection/restoration, control of invasive species, eDNA detection/telemetry tracking, and post-release monitoring efforts should also be reinforced. Full article
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11 pages, 5948 KiB  
Article
Evidence for a Greater Pleistocene Distribution for the Copper Redhorse in North America (Catostomidae: Moxostoma hubbsi)
by Jonathan W. Armbruster and Robert E. Jenkins
Fishes 2025, 10(3), 101; https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes10030101 - 27 Feb 2025
Viewed by 626
Abstract
A pharyngeal jaw and loose pharyngeal teeth from Prairie Creek, Indiana, and loose pharyngeal teeth and two basioccipital pharyngeal processes from Bell Cave, Alabama, appear to be those of Moxostoma hubbsi (Copper Redhorse). Among suckers, only M. carinatum, M. hubbsi, M. [...] Read more.
A pharyngeal jaw and loose pharyngeal teeth from Prairie Creek, Indiana, and loose pharyngeal teeth and two basioccipital pharyngeal processes from Bell Cave, Alabama, appear to be those of Moxostoma hubbsi (Copper Redhorse). Among suckers, only M. carinatum, M. hubbsi, M. robustum, and M. ugidatli have molariform teeth on their pharyngeal jaws, with M. hubbsi having the teeth of the largest relative size. Measurements of most of the teeth from Prairie Creek overlap with those of M. hubbsi, and the largest tooth from Bell Cave is the largest pharyngeal tooth measured. The more complete pharyngeal process of the basioccipital possesses a small condyle and stout processes along it that are indicative of M. hubbsi as well as a smaller centrum for articulation with the Weberian complex. Moxostoma hubbsi currently occupies an area around Montreal, Canada, that was glaciated at the time the fossils were laid down, and the area was later occupied by the Champlain Sea and Lampsilis Lake before becoming riverine about 6000–5000 years ago, meaning that M. hubbsi had to have arrived at its current distribution relatively recently and been extirpated from elsewhere. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Taxonomy, Evolution, and Biogeography)
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