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Keywords = Mikania spp.

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14 pages, 2794 KiB  
Article
Anti-Influenza Virus Activity and Chemical Components from the Parasitic Plant Cuscuta japonica Choisy on Dimocarpus longans Lour.
by Ju-Chien Cheng, Chia-Ching Liaw, Ming-Kuem Lin, Chao-Jung Chen, Chien-Liang Chao, Chih-Hua Chao, Yueh-Hsiung Kuo, Yen-Po Chiu, Yu-Shin Peng and Hui-Chi Huang
Molecules 2020, 25(19), 4427; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25194427 - 26 Sep 2020
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 3990
Abstract
Dodder (Cuscuta spp.) is a parasitic weed damaging many plants and agricultural production. The native obligate parasite Cuscuta japonica Choisy (Japanese dodder) parasitizes Dimocarpus longans Lour., Ficus septica Burm. F., Ficus microcarpa L.f., Mikania micrantha H.B.K. and Melia azedarach Linn, respectively. Five [...] Read more.
Dodder (Cuscuta spp.) is a parasitic weed damaging many plants and agricultural production. The native obligate parasite Cuscuta japonica Choisy (Japanese dodder) parasitizes Dimocarpus longans Lour., Ficus septica Burm. F., Ficus microcarpa L.f., Mikania micrantha H.B.K. and Melia azedarach Linn, respectively. Five Japanese dodders growing on different plants exhibit slightly different metabolites and amounts which present different pharmacological effects. Among these plants, a significant antiviral activity against influenza A virus (IAV) was found in Japanese dodder parasitizing on D. longans Lour. (CL). To further explore methanol extract components in Japanese dodder (CL), four undescribed aromatic glycosides, cuscutasides A–D (compounds 1–4) were isolated, together with twenty-six known compounds 5–30. The chemical structures of 1–4 were elucidated using a combination of spectroscopic techniques. The eighteen isolated compounds were evaluated for antiviral activity against IAV activity. Among them, 1-monopalmitin (29) displayed potent activity against influenza A virus (A/WSN/1933(H1N1)) with EC50 2.28 ± 0.04 μM and without noteworthy cytotoxicity in MDCK cells. The interrupt step of 29 on the IAV life cycle was determined. These data provide invaluable information for new applications for this otherwise harmful weed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Natural Products Chemistry)
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12 pages, 1590 KiB  
Article
Trypanocidal Activity of Four Sesquiterpene Lactones Isolated from Asteraceae Species
by Orlando G. Elso, Augusto E. Bivona, Andrés Sanchez Alberti, Natacha Cerny, Lucas Fabian, Celina Morales, César A. N. Catalán, Emilio L. Malchiodi, Silvia I. Cazorla and Valeria P. Sülsen
Molecules 2020, 25(9), 2014; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25092014 - 25 Apr 2020
Cited by 23 | Viewed by 4042
Abstract
The sesquiterpene lactones eupatoriopicrin, estafietin, eupahakonenin B and minimolide have been isolated from Argentinean Astearaceae species and have been found to be active against Trypanosoma cruzi epimastigotes. The aim of this work was to evaluate the activity of these compounds by analyzing their [...] Read more.
The sesquiterpene lactones eupatoriopicrin, estafietin, eupahakonenin B and minimolide have been isolated from Argentinean Astearaceae species and have been found to be active against Trypanosoma cruzi epimastigotes. The aim of this work was to evaluate the activity of these compounds by analyzing their effect against the stages of the parasites that are infective for the human. Even more interesting, we aimed to determine the effect of the most active and selective compound on an in vivo model of T. cruzi infection. Eupatoriopicrin was the most active against amastigotes and tripomastigotes (IC50 = 2.3 µg/mL, and 7.2 µg/mL, respectively) and displayed a high selectivity index. This compound was selected to study on an in vivo model of T. cruzi infection. The administration of 1 mg/kg/day of eupatoriopicrin for five consecutive days to infected mice produced a significant reduction in the parasitaemia levels in comparison with non-treated animals (area under parasitaemia curves 4.48 vs. 30.47, respectively). Skeletal muscular tissues from eupatopicrin-treated mice displayed only focal and interstitial lymphocyte inflammatory infiltrates and small areas of necrotic; by contrast, skeletal tissues from T. cruzi infected mice treated with the vehicle showed severe lymphocyte inflammatory infiltrates with necrosis of the adjacent myocytes. The results indicate that eupatoriopicrin could be considered a promising candidate for the development of new therapeutic agents for Chagas disease. Full article
(This article belongs to the Collection Natural Products as Leads or Drugs against Neglected Tropical Diseases)
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