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Keywords = Hypostominae

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15 pages, 1701 KiB  
Article
Integrating Genomic and Chromosomal Data: A Cytogenetic Study of Transancistrus santarosensis (Loricariidae: Hypostominae) with Characterization of a ZZ/ZW Sex Chromosome System
by Mauro Nirchio Tursellino, Marcelo de Bello Cioffi, Francisco de Menezes Cavalcante Sassi, Geize Aparecida Deon, Claudio Oliveira, Mariana Kuranaka, Jonathan Valdiviezo-Rivera, Víctor Hugo Gonzalez and Anna Rita Rossi
Genes 2023, 14(9), 1662; https://doi.org/10.3390/genes14091662 - 22 Aug 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2013
Abstract
The plecos (Loricariidae) fish represent a great model for cytogenetic investigations due to their variety of karyotypes, including diploid and polyploid genomes, and different types of sex chromosomes. In this study we investigate Transancistrus santarosensis a rare loricariid endemic to Ecuador, integrating cytogenetic [...] Read more.
The plecos (Loricariidae) fish represent a great model for cytogenetic investigations due to their variety of karyotypes, including diploid and polyploid genomes, and different types of sex chromosomes. In this study we investigate Transancistrus santarosensis a rare loricariid endemic to Ecuador, integrating cytogenetic methods with specimens’ molecular identification by mtDNA, to describe the the species karyotype. We aim to verify whether sex chromosomes are cytologically identifiable and if they are associated with the accumulation of repetitive sequences present in other species of the family. The analysis of the karyotype (2n = 54 chromosomes) excludes recent centric fusion and pericentromeric inversion and suggests the presence of a ZZ/ZW sex chromosome system at an early stage of differentiation: the W chromosome is degenerated but is not characterized by the presence of differential sex-specific repetitive DNAs. Data indicate that although T. santarosensis has retained the ancestral diploid number of Loricariidae, it accumulated heterochromatin and shows non-syntenic ribosomal genes localization, chromosomal traits considered apomorphic in the family. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Commemorating the Launch of the Section "Cytogenomics")
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13 pages, 2118 KiB  
Article
Occurrence of Sex Chromosomes in Fish of the Genus Ancistrus with a New Description of Multiple Sex Chromosomes in the Ecuadorian Endemic Ancistrus clementinae (Loricariidae)
by Mauro Nirchio, Claudio Oliveira, Marcelo de Bello Cioffi, Francisco de Menezes Cavalcante Sassi, Jonathan Valdiviezo, Fabilene Gomes Paim, Leticia Batista Soares and Anna Rita Rossi
Genes 2023, 14(2), 306; https://doi.org/10.3390/genes14020306 - 24 Jan 2023
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2789
Abstract
Ancistrus Kner, 1854, is the most diverse genus among the Ancistrini (Loricariidae) with 70 valid species showing a wide geographic distribution and great taxonomic and systematic complexity. To date, about 40 Ancistrus taxa have been karyotyped, all from Brazil and Argentina, but the [...] Read more.
Ancistrus Kner, 1854, is the most diverse genus among the Ancistrini (Loricariidae) with 70 valid species showing a wide geographic distribution and great taxonomic and systematic complexity. To date, about 40 Ancistrus taxa have been karyotyped, all from Brazil and Argentina, but the statistic is uncertain because 30 of these reports deal with samples that have not yet been identified at the species level. This study provides the first cytogenetic description of the bristlenose catfish, Ancistrus clementinae Rendahl, 1937, a species endemic to Ecuador, aiming to verify whether a sex chromosome system is identifiable in the species and, if so, which, and if its differentiation is associated with the presence of repetitive sequences reported for other species of the family. We associated the karyotype analysis with the COI molecular identification of the specimens. Karyotype analysis suggested the presence of a ♂ZZ/♀ZW1W2 sex chromosome system, never detected before in Ancistrus, with both W1W2 chromosomes enriched with heterochromatic blocks and 18S rDNA, in addition to GC-rich repeats (W2). No differences were observed between males and females in the distribution of 5S rDNA or telomeric repeats. Cytogenetic data here obtained confirm the huge karyotype diversity of Ancistrus, both in chromosome number and sex-determination systems. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Chromosome Evolution and Karyotype Analysis)
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11 pages, 2252 KiB  
Article
Chromosomal Diversification in Pseudacanthicus Species (Loricariidae, Hypostominae) Revealed by Comparative Mapping of Repetitive Sequences
by Kevin Santos da Silva, Augusto César Paes de Souza, Luís Reginaldo Ribeiro Rodrigues, Julio Cesar Pieczarka and Cleusa Yoshiko Nagamachi
Animals 2022, 12(19), 2612; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12192612 - 29 Sep 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2098
Abstract
Pseudacanthicus is a genus of Neotropical fish with eight valid species, in addition to numerous lineages not formally identified. It occurs along the Amazon and Tocantins River basins, in Suriname and in the Guiana shield. There are no karyotypic data in the literature [...] Read more.
Pseudacanthicus is a genus of Neotropical fish with eight valid species, in addition to numerous lineages not formally identified. It occurs along the Amazon and Tocantins River basins, in Suriname and in the Guiana shield. There are no karyotypic data in the literature for species of this genus. Here, the karyotypes of three Pseudacanthicus species (P. spinosus, P. leopardus and Pseudacanthicus sp.) were comparatively analyzed by classical cytogenetics and fluorescence in situ hybridization using 18S and 5S rDNA probes, U2 snDNA and telomeric sequences. The analyzed species presented 52 chromosomes and KF = 18 m + 34 sm. Constitutive heterochromatin occurred in blocks on a few chromosomes. The 18S rDNA occurred in a single pair; interestingly, P. leopardus presented only one locus of this sequence in its diploid genome. The 5S rDNA sequence occurred in only one pair in P. leopardus, and in multiple sites in Pseudacanthicus sp. and P. spinosus. The snDNA U2 occurred in only one pair in all analyzed species. Telomeric sequences did not show interstitial sites. Although Pseudacanthicus species share the same 2n and KF, repetitive sequence analysis revealed karyotypic diversity among these species. The occurrence of DNA double-strand breaks related to fragile sites, unequal crossing over and transpositions is proposed as the mechanism of karyotypic diversification, suggesting that the conservation of the karyotypic macrostructure is only apparent in this group of fish. Full article
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12 pages, 1179 KiB  
Review
Amazon Sailfin Catfish Pterygoplichthys pardalis (Loricariidae) in Bangladesh: A Critical Review of Its Invasive Threat to Native and Endemic Aquatic Species
by Mohammad Y. Hossain, Robert L. Vadas, Ramon Ruiz-Carus and Shams M. Galib
Fishes 2018, 3(1), 14; https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes3010014 - 22 Feb 2018
Cited by 33 | Viewed by 15480
Abstract
The Amazon sailfin catfish Pterygoplichthys pardalis is native to the Amazon River basin. It has since expanded its range to North America, the Caribbean, and more recently to South Asia, as with some of its congeners. Our paper reviews recent data from Bangladesh, [...] Read more.
The Amazon sailfin catfish Pterygoplichthys pardalis is native to the Amazon River basin. It has since expanded its range to North America, the Caribbean, and more recently to South Asia, as with some of its congeners. Our paper reviews recent data from Bangladesh, clarifies taxonomic identification, and examines the potential effects of P. pardalis and congeneric species on local aquatic ecosystems and elsewhere in South Asia. Range expansions there probably reflect aquarium releases and escapes from aquaculture farms, as exacerbated by dispersal due to storm flooding and in impacted waters like irrigation canals. Given their potential ecosystem-level effects, we also review potential control mechanisms and human use for these invasive loricariids. Full article
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