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Keywords = FTTx

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22 pages, 743 KB  
Article
A New QoE Model for 5G FWA Using the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) Approach
by Andi Oktarian, Muhammad Suryanegara and Muhamad Asvial
Information 2026, 17(6), 591; https://doi.org/10.3390/info17060591 - 12 Jun 2026
Viewed by 568
Abstract
MNOs are increasingly adopting 5G Fixed Wireless Access (FWA) to meet household demands for high-performance services. This study evaluated the adoption and quality of experience (QoE) of 5G FWA through a multi-phase study. First, it utilized a systematic literature review to develop a [...] Read more.
MNOs are increasingly adopting 5G Fixed Wireless Access (FWA) to meet household demands for high-performance services. This study evaluated the adoption and quality of experience (QoE) of 5G FWA through a multi-phase study. First, it utilized a systematic literature review to develop a structural equation modeling (SEM) framework. Second, questionnaire surveys from 42 industry experts and 52 end-users were administered to identify quality of service (QoS) and user experience (UX) factors. Finally, the SEM analysis showed that UX was not transferable between FTTx and 5G FWA, as the correlation (y = −0.052, t-value= −0.10) was statistically insignificant. The technical QoS FTTx does not influence how users perceive the technical QoS 5G FWA (y = −0.02, t-value = −0.12). Bandwidth and quality are the most critical drivers for 5G FWA success regarding UX, whereas latency, MoS, and throughput are vital for QoS. Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) for the UX and QoS parameters of 5G FWA showed strong internal consistency across all identified factors. The framework with fit indices reflected excellent model QoS (RMSEA = 0.08, CFI = 0.973, TLI = 0.965, CMIN/DF = 1.254 and GFI = 0.782) and UX (RMSEA = 0.08, CFI = 0.895, TLI = 0.881, CMIN/DF = 1.377 and GFI = 0.655). The mathematical SEM model provides empirical evidence of the role of the service factor as an observed parameter and introduces a validated theoretical framework QoE-SEM; this study assists decision-makers in the telecommunications industry in formulating strategic models for upcoming 5G FWA. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue 2nd Edition of 5G Networks and Wireless Communication Systems)
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17 pages, 556 KB  
Article
Performance Evaluation and Aggregation Curve Modelling for Multimedia Services in the GPON
by Kamil Trubák, Jan Látal, Jiří Štípal, Petr Šiška, Jan Nedoma and Josef Vojtěch
Photonics 2026, 13(2), 196; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics13020196 - 16 Feb 2026
Viewed by 1070
Abstract
With the increasing number of end users that are using multimedia services, demand for access network high-bitrate systems with sufficient quality of services is also increasing. However, this might not always be ensured by telecom operators, as they must optimize networks according to [...] Read more.
With the increasing number of end users that are using multimedia services, demand for access network high-bitrate systems with sufficient quality of services is also increasing. However, this might not always be ensured by telecom operators, as they must optimize networks according to the Quality of Service (QoS) and multimedia data transmission. In this work, we tested Gigabit Passive Optical Network (GPON) performance with the help of various tools (iPerf, RFC 6349 or ITU-T Y.1564). The Grafana software v7.3.3 tool is used to monitor data streams. Measurements were made to limit the downstream bitrate of up to 20 end users at 1 Gbit/s, 500 Mbit/s, 300 Mbit/s and 100 Mbit/s. Based on repeated measurements, an aggregation curve was modelled, indicating the available bitrate with respect to the network load. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Optical Communication and Network)
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