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Keywords = Direct Bubble Writing

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12 pages, 4877 KB  
Article
Bubble Printing of Liquid Metal Colloidal Particles for Conductive Patterns
by Masaru Mukai, Tatsuya Kobayashi, Mitsuki Sato, Juri Asada, Kazuhide Ueno, Taichi Furukawa and Shoji Maruo
Nanomaterials 2024, 14(20), 1665; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14201665 - 17 Oct 2024
Viewed by 4135
Abstract
Bubble printing is a patterning method in which particles are accumulated by the convection of bubbles generated by laser focusing. It is attracting attention as a method that enables the high-speed, high-precision patterning of various micro/nanoparticles. Although the bubble printing method is used [...] Read more.
Bubble printing is a patterning method in which particles are accumulated by the convection of bubbles generated by laser focusing. It is attracting attention as a method that enables the high-speed, high-precision patterning of various micro/nanoparticles. Although the bubble printing method is used for metallic particles and organic particles, most reports have focused on the patterning of solid particles and not on the patterning of liquid particles. In this study, liquid metal wiring patterns were fabricated using a bubble printing method in which eutectic gallium‒indium alloy (EGaIn) colloidal particles (≈diameter 0.7 µm) were fixed on a glass substrate by generating microbubbles through heat generation by focusing a femtosecond laser beam on the EGaIn colloidal particles. The wiring was then made conductive by replacing gallium oxide, which served as a resistance layer on the surface of the EGaIn colloidal particles, with silver via galvanic replacement. Fine continuous lines of liquid metal colloids with a line width of 3.4 µm were drawn by reducing the laser power. Liquid metal wiring with a conductivity of ≈1.5 × 105 S/m was formed on a glass substrate. It was confirmed that the conductivity remained consistent even when the glass substrate was bent to a curvature of 0.02 m−1. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Laser-Based Nano Fabrication and Nano Lithography: Second Edition)
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13 pages, 3066 KB  
Article
Deposition Offset of Printed Foam Strands in Direct Bubble Writing
by Prasansha Rastogi, Cornelis H. Venner and Claas Willem Visser
Polymers 2022, 14(14), 2895; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14142895 - 16 Jul 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2344
Abstract
Direct Bubble Writing is a recent technique to print shape-stable 3-dimensional foams from streams of liquid bubbles. These bubbles are ejected from a core-shell nozzle, deposited on the build platform placed at a distance of approximately 10 cm below the nozzle, and photo-polymerized [...] Read more.
Direct Bubble Writing is a recent technique to print shape-stable 3-dimensional foams from streams of liquid bubbles. These bubbles are ejected from a core-shell nozzle, deposited on the build platform placed at a distance of approximately 10 cm below the nozzle, and photo-polymerized in situ. The bubbles are ejected diagonally, with a vertical velocity component equal to the ejection velocity and a horizontal velocity component equal to the motion of the printhead. Owing to the horizontal velocity component, a discrepancy exists between the nozzle trajectory and the location of the printed strand. This discrepancy can be substantial, as for high printhead velocities (500 mm/s) an offset of 8 mm (in radius) was measured. Here, we model and measure the deviation in bubble deposition location as a function of printhead velocity. The model is experimentally validated by the printing of foam patterns including a straight line, a circle, and sharp corners. The deposition offset is compensated by tuning the print path, enabling the printing of a circular path to the design specifications and printing of sharp corners with improved accuracy. These results are an essential step towards the Direct Bubble Writing of 3-dimensional polymer foam parts with high dimensional accuracy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Cellular Polymers)
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