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Keywords = Citronia

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13 pages, 1691 KiB  
Article
The Association between Gut Microbiome and Pregnancy-Induced Hypertension: A Nested Case–Control Study
by Huijun Lin, Junru Chen, Shujuan Ma, Rongjing An, Xingli Li and Hongzhuan Tan
Nutrients 2022, 14(21), 4582; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14214582 - 1 Nov 2022
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 3802
Abstract
(1) Background: Pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) is associated with obvious microbiota dysbiosis in the third trimester of pregnancy. However, the mechanisms behind these changes remain unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the relationship between the gut microbiome in early pregnancy and PIH occurrence. [...] Read more.
(1) Background: Pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) is associated with obvious microbiota dysbiosis in the third trimester of pregnancy. However, the mechanisms behind these changes remain unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the relationship between the gut microbiome in early pregnancy and PIH occurrence. (2) Methods: A nested case–control study design was used based on the follow-up cohort. Thirty-five PIH patients and thirty-five matched healthy pregnant women were selected as controls. The gut microbiome profiles were assessed in the first trimester using metagenomic sequencing. (3) Results: Diversity analyses showed that microbiota diversity was altered in early pregnancy. At the species level, eight bacterial species were enriched in healthy controls: Alistipes putredinis, Bacteroides vulgatus, Ruminococcus torques, Oscillibacter unclassified, Akkermansia muciniphila, Clostridium citroniae, Parasutterella excrementihominis and Burkholderiales bacterium_1_1_47. Conversely, Eubacterium rectale, and Ruminococcus bromii were enriched in PIH patients. The results of functional analysis showed that the changes in these different microorganisms may affect the blood pressure of pregnant women by affecting the metabolism of vitamin K2, sphingolipid, lipid acid and glycine. (4) Conclusion: Microbiota dysbiosis in PIH patients begins in the first trimester of pregnancy, and this may be associated with the occurrence of PIH. Bacterial pathway analyses suggest that the gut microbiome might lead to the development of PIH through the alterations of function modules. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Nutrition in Women)
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8 pages, 1248 KiB  
Article
Dysidenin from the Marine Sponge Citronia sp. Affects the Motility and Morphology of Haemonchus contortus Larvae In Vitro
by Kelsey S. Ramage, Aya C. Taki, Kah Yean Lum, Sasha Hayes, Joseph J. Byrne, Tao Wang, Andreas Hofmann, Merrick G. Ekins, Jonathan M. White, Abdul Jabbar, Rohan A. Davis and Robin B. Gasser
Mar. Drugs 2021, 19(12), 698; https://doi.org/10.3390/md19120698 - 9 Dec 2021
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 4020
Abstract
High-throughput screening of the NatureBank marine extract library (n = 7616) using a phenotypic assay for the parasitic nematode Haemonchus contortus identified an active extract derived from the Australian marine sponge Citronia sp. Bioassay-guided fractionation of the CH2Cl2/MeOH [...] Read more.
High-throughput screening of the NatureBank marine extract library (n = 7616) using a phenotypic assay for the parasitic nematode Haemonchus contortus identified an active extract derived from the Australian marine sponge Citronia sp. Bioassay-guided fractionation of the CH2Cl2/MeOH extract from Citronia sp. resulted in the purification of two known hexachlorinated peptides, dysidenin (1) and dysideathiazole (2). Compound 1 inhibited the growth/development of H. contortus larvae and induced multiple phenotypic changes, including a lethal evisceration (Evi) phenotype and/or somatic cell and tissue destruction. This is the first report of anthelmintic activity for these rare and unique polychlorinated peptides. Full article
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