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Keywords = Byzantinisation

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14 pages, 596 KiB  
Article
Compline in Melkite Alexandria, Contained in MS Sinai Arabic 232 (13th c.)
by Andrew Wade
Religions 2024, 15(12), 1413; https://doi.org/10.3390/rel15121413 - 22 Nov 2024
Viewed by 873
Abstract
This article is the latest in a series examining the offices in the Horologion of Sinai Arabic 232 (13th century). This Book of Hours has its origin in Melkite Alexandria and has never been studied before, nor indeed have the Arabic Books of [...] Read more.
This article is the latest in a series examining the offices in the Horologion of Sinai Arabic 232 (13th century). This Book of Hours has its origin in Melkite Alexandria and has never been studied before, nor indeed have the Arabic Books of Hours, in general. The article presents an English translation of the Office of Compline from this manuscript (apart from the psalms, which are simply indicated), with comments and identification of the individual texts. Features of particular interest are the extra saints in the intercessions, different psalms and prayers from the modern rite, and the series of common troparia at the end. The additional saints in the intercessions pose a conundrum: whereas the analysis of Matins, the Hours, and Vespers has suggested that this is an Arabic Melkite Horologion from Alexandria that must have been received from Jerusalem c. the 7th century and then underwent both Alexandrian (Coptic) influences and later Byzantinisation which did not entirely eliminate more archaic elements from Jerusalem such as the tri-ode system at Matins, the choice of additional saints suggests a double provenance from both Alexandria and Sinai. We therefore suggest that the Horologion was brought from Alexandria and underwent some degree of adaptation on Sinai without eliminating all the specifically Alexandrian features. Full article
41 pages, 5679 KiB  
Article
Byzantine Influence before Byzantinisation: The Tropologion Sinai Greek NE ΜΓ 56+5 Compared with the Georgian and Syriac Melkite Versions
by Stig Simeon R. Frøyshov, Aleksandra Nikiforova and Natalia Smelova
Religions 2023, 14(11), 1363; https://doi.org/10.3390/rel14111363 - 27 Oct 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2331
Abstract
The article examines a selection of hymns of potentially Byzantine origin in the eighth-to-tenth-century manuscripts of the New Tropologion, which was the hymnal of the Anastasis cathedral of Jerusalem and in churches that followed its rite. Such adoption in the rite of Jerusalem [...] Read more.
The article examines a selection of hymns of potentially Byzantine origin in the eighth-to-tenth-century manuscripts of the New Tropologion, which was the hymnal of the Anastasis cathedral of Jerusalem and in churches that followed its rite. Such adoption in the rite of Jerusalem represented a Byzantine influence before the wave of liturgical Byzantinisation that started in the late ninth and tenth centuries. For the first time, three versions of the New Tropologion are studied together: the Greek original and the Syriac and Georgian translations. The Greek Tropologion Sinai MS NE MΓ 56+5 is the primary material, compared with Sinai MS Syriac 48 and several Georgian New Iadgari manuscripts from Sinai. The study identifies one certain Byzantine element in the New Tropologion: parts of the feast of St. John Chrysostom, archbishop of Constantinople, and several probable Byzantine elements: the interpolation of the second ode in three canons by Kosmas of Jerusalem and one by John, and parts of the stichera series Aἱ ἀγγελικαὶ προπορεύεσθε δυνάμεις attributed to Romanos the Melodist. By contrast, the interpolated ode 1 in Kosmas’ canon for Great Saturday seems to be of Palestinian origin, and therefore not a Byzantine loan, contrary to traditional views. The article shows that there is considerable variation between the different versions of the New Tropologion. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Constantinople and its Peripheries: The Mechanisms of Liturgical Byzantinisation)
18 pages, 815 KiB  
Article
The Description of the Liturgy of the Presanctified Gifts in the Typikon of Mâr Saba, a Reminiscence of Byzantinisation?
by Diego Rodrigo Fittipaldi
Religions 2022, 13(11), 1079; https://doi.org/10.3390/rel13111079 - 9 Nov 2022
Viewed by 2274
Abstract
This article deals with the description of the Liturgy of the Presanctified Gifts in the Byzantine liturgical book known as the Typikon of Mâr Saba. This description is well preserved from its oldest known Greek testimonies until at least the 13th century. It [...] Read more.
This article deals with the description of the Liturgy of the Presanctified Gifts in the Byzantine liturgical book known as the Typikon of Mâr Saba. This description is well preserved from its oldest known Greek testimonies until at least the 13th century. It is notable that this liturgical celebration is the only one depicted in the book that involves the Eucharist. In the article, some partially unedited fragments of the Greek text of three testimonies are presented and analysed, and some reflections and questions are collected at the end in an attempt to shed light on the historical development of this text, which is crucial to our understanding of the history of Byzantine liturgy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Constantinople and its Peripheries: The Mechanisms of Liturgical Byzantinisation)
11 pages, 1331 KiB  
Article
Byzantinised or Alexandrianised—Or Both? Vespers in the 13th c. Melkite Alexandrian Arabic Horologion Sinai Arabic 232
by Andrew Wade
Religions 2022, 13(7), 607; https://doi.org/10.3390/rel13070607 - 30 Jun 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1814
Abstract
This paper presents an annotated English translation of the rite of Vespers contained in the Melkite Alexandrian Arabic Book of Hours (Horologion) found in the 13th century Christian Arabic manuscript Sinai Arabic 232. Most of the texts comprising this service have been identified [...] Read more.
This paper presents an annotated English translation of the rite of Vespers contained in the Melkite Alexandrian Arabic Book of Hours (Horologion) found in the 13th century Christian Arabic manuscript Sinai Arabic 232. Most of the texts comprising this service have been identified from the contemporary Greek Horologion, the Constantinople Euchologion and the Coptic Agpeya. This very unusual combination is discussed. While further research on Sin. Ar. 232 and other Arabic Horologia is necessary before we may draw more definitive conclusions, enough seems clear at this point to suggest that the Egyptian Melkites originally used a Hierosolymitan type Horologion and that this, in due time, was both Alexandrinised and Byzantinised. We can therefore say that Sin. Ar. 232 is an Egyptian redaction of a Middle Byzantine Horologion with archaic Hierosolymitan features. No other Arabic Horologia have been studied to date, and no earlier Melkite or Coptic Alexandrian Horologia are known. Considerable further research on Arabic Horologia is needed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Constantinople and its Peripheries: The Mechanisms of Liturgical Byzantinisation)
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