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Keywords = β-ketonitrile

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6 pages, 1256 KiB  
Communication
Synthesis and Intramolecular Regioselective Cyclization of 2-Cyano-3,10-dioxo-1,10-seco-1,25-dinorlupan-28-yl Benzoate
by Irina Tolmacheva, Mikhail Nazarov and Victoria Grishko
Molbank 2025, 2025(2), M1990; https://doi.org/10.3390/M1990 - 7 Apr 2025
Viewed by 585
Abstract
The paper describes the synthesis of a new 1,10-seco-triterpenoid with a 2-cyano-3,10-diketone fragment and its further regioselective cyclization under acidic and basic conditions with the formation of 2S-cyanopyran-3-one derivative or A-pentacyclic alkene β-ketonitrile, respectively. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Natural Product Chemistry)
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9 pages, 2049 KiB  
Article
Three-Component Condensation of β-Ketonitriles, 4-Fluorobenzaldehyde, and Secondary Cyclic Amines
by Dmitry V. Osipov, Kirill S. Korzhenko and Vitaly A. Osyanin
Reactions 2022, 3(4), 625-633; https://doi.org/10.3390/reactions3040042 - 12 Dec 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 3896
Abstract
A new three-component condensation of β-ketonitriles, 4-fluorobenzaldehyde, and secondary cyclic amines was developed. A possible reaction mechanism has been proposed including Knoevenagel condensation followed by aromatic nucleophilic substitution. It was found that in the case of 3-oxopropanenitrile bearing the 6-amino-1,3-dimethyluracil moiety, the reaction [...] Read more.
A new three-component condensation of β-ketonitriles, 4-fluorobenzaldehyde, and secondary cyclic amines was developed. A possible reaction mechanism has been proposed including Knoevenagel condensation followed by aromatic nucleophilic substitution. It was found that in the case of 3-oxopropanenitrile bearing the 6-amino-1,3-dimethyluracil moiety, the reaction is not accompanied by fluorine substitution in the Knoevenagel adduct, and the Michael addition of a secondary amine occurs followed by oxidation. Full article
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19 pages, 14201 KiB  
Article
Domino Nitro Reduction-Friedländer Heterocyclization for the Preparation of Quinolines
by Kwabena Fobi and Richard A. Bunce
Molecules 2022, 27(13), 4123; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27134123 - 27 Jun 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2883
Abstract
The Friedländer synthesis offers efficient access to substituted quinolines from 2-aminobenzaldehydes and activated ketones in the presence of a base. The disadvantage of this procedure lies in the fact that relatively few 2-aminobenzaldehyde derivatives are readily available. To overcome this problem, we report [...] Read more.
The Friedländer synthesis offers efficient access to substituted quinolines from 2-aminobenzaldehydes and activated ketones in the presence of a base. The disadvantage of this procedure lies in the fact that relatively few 2-aminobenzaldehyde derivatives are readily available. To overcome this problem, we report a modification of this process involving the in situ reduction of 2-nitrobenzaldehydes with Fe/AcOH in the presence of active methylene compounds (AMCs) to produce substituted quinolines in high yields. The conditions are mild enough to tolerate a wide range of functionality in both reacting partners and promote reactions not only with phenyl and benzyl ketones, but also with β-keto-esters, β-keto-nitriles, β-keto-sulfones and β-diketones. The reaction of 2-nitroaromatic ketones with unsymmetrical AMCs is less reliable, giving a competitive formation of substituted quinolin-2(1H)-ones from the cyclization of the Z Knoevenagel intermediate which appears to be favored when certain large groups are adjacent to the AMC ketone carbonyl. Full article
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13 pages, 1113 KiB  
Article
Microwave-Assisted Synthesis, Proton Dissociation Processes, and Anticancer Evaluation of Novel D-Ring-Fused Steroidal 5-Amino-1-Arylpyrazoles
by Gergő Mótyán, Ádám Baji, Małgorzata Anna Marć, Mohana Krishna Gopisetty, Dóra I. Adamecz, Mónika Kiricsi, Éva A. Enyedy and Éva Frank
Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(1), 229; https://doi.org/10.3390/app10010229 - 27 Dec 2019
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 3148
Abstract
Taking into account the pharmacological relevance of heterocycle-fused natural steroids, the objective of the current study was to develop a multistep reaction sequence for the efficient synthesis of novel D-ring-condensed 5-amino-1-arylpyrazoles from dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA). A condensation reaction of 16-formyl-DHEA with hydroxylamine afforded the [...] Read more.
Taking into account the pharmacological relevance of heterocycle-fused natural steroids, the objective of the current study was to develop a multistep reaction sequence for the efficient synthesis of novel D-ring-condensed 5-amino-1-arylpyrazoles from dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA). A condensation reaction of 16-formyl-DHEA with hydroxylamine afforded the corresponding oxime, which was demonstrated to be stable in one of its cyclic isoxazoline forms due to possible ring-chain tautomerism. The subsequent base-induced dehydration to a diastereomeric β-ketonitrile, followed by microwave-assisted heterocyclization with different arylhydrazines led to the desired pyrazoles. The generally good yields of the products depended slightly on the electronic character of the substituent present on the aromatic ring of the reagent. The proton dissociation processes of the DHEA-derived heterocycles were investigated in aqueous solution by UV-visible spectrophotometric titrations to reveal their actual chemical forms at physiological pH. The determined pKa values attributed to the pyrazole NH+ moiety were low (1.8–4.0) and varied by the different substituents of the benzene ring. The antiproliferative effects of the structurally similar compounds were screened in vitro on human cancer cells (namely on HeLa, U2Os, MCF-7, PC-3, and A549), along with a noncancerous cell line (MRC-5). The IC50 values of the most active derivative were determined on all cell lines. Full article
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