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Keywords = potential of biogas production
Page = 2

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13 pages, 1900 KB  
Article
Thermal Transformation of Palm Waste to High-Quality Hydrocarbon Fuel
by Chai Yu Kuan, Mark Low Yoong Neng, Yu-Bin Chan, Yoke-Leng Sim, Joel Strothers and Lawrence M. Pratt
Fuels 2020, 1(1), 2-14; https://doi.org/10.3390/fuels1010002 - 11 Aug 2020
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 3748
Abstract
Empty fruit bunches (EFB) are waste products in the palm oil industry. Upon pressing of EFB, a liquor is produced which contains low grade fats, oils, and greases (FOG). These are the least valuable products of palm oil production, and are often discarded [...] Read more.
Empty fruit bunches (EFB) are waste products in the palm oil industry. Upon pressing of EFB, a liquor is produced which contains low grade fats, oils, and greases (FOG). These are the least valuable products of palm oil production, and are often discarded as waste. It is shown here that the EFB pressed liquor can be thermally transformed at or below 350 °C to produce a series of hydrocarbons in the range of kerosene and diesel fuel. This is distinctly different from other studies of biofuels from palm oil, which were based entirely on biodiesel (fatty acid methyl ester (FAME)) and biogas production. Furthermore, this transformation takes place without addition of an external catalyst, as was shown by comparison to reactions with the potential Lewis acid catalysts, ferric sulfate, and molecular sieves. The product distribution is similar to that obtained from brown grease, another waste FOG stream obtained from the sewage treatment industry, although the products from palm oil waste are less sensitive to reaction conditions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in Fuels)
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