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Keywords = Coronary Artery Disease
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13 pages, 8828 KB  
Review
Advantages of Photon-Counting Detector CT in Aortic Imaging
by Chiara Zanon, Filippo Cademartiri, Alessandro Toniolo, Costanza Bini, Alberto Clemente, Elda Chiara Colacchio, Giulio Cabrelle, Florinda Mastro, Michele Antonello, Emilio Quaia and Alessia Pepe
Tomography 2024, 10(1), 1-13; https://doi.org/10.3390/tomography10010001 - 19 Dec 2023
Cited by 25 | Viewed by 4961
Abstract
Photon-counting Computed Tomography (PCCT) is a promising imaging technique. Using detectors that count the number and energy of photons in multiple bins, PCCT offers several advantages over conventional CT, including a higher image quality, reduced contrast agent volume, radiation doses, and artifacts. Although [...] Read more.
Photon-counting Computed Tomography (PCCT) is a promising imaging technique. Using detectors that count the number and energy of photons in multiple bins, PCCT offers several advantages over conventional CT, including a higher image quality, reduced contrast agent volume, radiation doses, and artifacts. Although PCCT is well established for cardiac imaging in assessing coronary artery disease, its application in aortic imaging remains limited. This review summarizes the available literature and provides an overview of the current use of PCCT for the diagnosis of aortic imaging, focusing mainly on endoleaks detection and characterization after endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR), contrast dose volume, and radiation exposure reduction, particularly in patients with chronic kidney disease and in those requiring follow-up CT. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Reviews for Tomography 2023–2024)
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4 pages, 1129 KB  
Case Report
Life Threatening Reactive Left Ventricular Hypertrophy Due to Increased Blood Flow after Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting
by Robert Balan, Christian Flora, Dietmar Elsner and Parwis Massoudy
Hearts 2021, 2(1), 1-4; https://doi.org/10.3390/hearts2010001 - 28 Dec 2020
Viewed by 3006
Abstract
A 68-year-old patient with triple vessel coronary artery disease was scheduled for elective coronary artery bypass grafting. Three days after the uneventful surgery, the patient went into cardiogenic shock, which was deemed to be caused by a dynamic left ventricular outflow tract obstruction [...] Read more.
A 68-year-old patient with triple vessel coronary artery disease was scheduled for elective coronary artery bypass grafting. Three days after the uneventful surgery, the patient went into cardiogenic shock, which was deemed to be caused by a dynamic left ventricular outflow tract obstruction and high-grade mitral regurgitation, which both had not been present before surgery. On an emergency basis, surgical transvalvular septal myectomy and mitral valve replacement were performed. After initial extra corporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) therapy and a prolonged (intensive care unit) ICU stay the patient finally recovered and is well one and a half years after surgery. Full article
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15 pages, 1449 KB  
Review
Nanomaterial-Mediated Theranostics for Vascular Diseases
by Swati Agrawal, Sunil K. Nooti, Harbinder Singh and Vikrant Rai
J. Nanotheranostics 2021, 2(1), 1-15; https://doi.org/10.3390/jnt2010001 - 22 Dec 2020
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 6893
Abstract
Nanotechnology could offer a new complementary strategy for the treatment of vascular diseases including coronary, carotid, or peripheral arterial disease due to narrowing or blockage of the artery caused by atherosclerosis. These arterial diseases manifest correspondingly as angina and myocardial infarction, stroke, and [...] Read more.
Nanotechnology could offer a new complementary strategy for the treatment of vascular diseases including coronary, carotid, or peripheral arterial disease due to narrowing or blockage of the artery caused by atherosclerosis. These arterial diseases manifest correspondingly as angina and myocardial infarction, stroke, and intermittent claudication of leg muscles during exercise. The pathogenesis of atherosclerosis involves biological events at the cellular and molecular level, thus targeting these using nanomaterials precisely and effectively could result in a better outcome. Nanotechnology can mitigate the pathological events by enhancing the therapeutic efficacy of the therapeutic agent by delivering it at the point of a lesion in a controlled and efficacious manner. Further, combining therapeutics with imaging will enhance the theranostic ability in atherosclerosis. Additionally, nanoparticles can provide a range of delivery systems for genes, proteins, cells, and drugs, which individually or in combination can address various problems within the arteries. Imaging studies combined with nanoparticles helps in evaluating the disease progression as well as the response to the treatment because imaging and diagnostic agents can be delivered precisely to the targeted destinations via nanocarriers. This review focuses on the use of nanotechnology in theranostics of coronary artery and peripheral arterial disease. Full article
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10 pages, 826 KB  
Review
Clinical relevance of high sensitivity C-reactive protein in cardiology
by Dalia Adukauskienė, Aušra Čiginskienė, Agnė Adukauskaitė, Daiva Pentiokinienė, Rimvydas Šlapikas and Indrė Čeponienė
Medicina 2016, 52(1), 1-10; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.medici.2015.12.001 - 15 Jan 2016
Cited by 79 | Viewed by 1451
Abstract
Coping with cardiovascular diseases (CVD), which are of the main causes of death worldwide, has influenced investigation of high sensitivity CRP (hsCRP) and its role in pathogene- sis, prognosis and prevention of CVD. hsCRP can be synthesized in vascular endothelium, atherosclerotic plaques, and [...] Read more.
Coping with cardiovascular diseases (CVD), which are of the main causes of death worldwide, has influenced investigation of high sensitivity CRP (hsCRP) and its role in pathogene- sis, prognosis and prevention of CVD. hsCRP can be synthesized in vascular endothelium, atherosclerotic plaques, and theory of inflammatory origin of atherosclerosis is being more widely debated, raising questions, whether higher hsCRP plasma concentration might be the cause or the consequence. Summing up controversial data from multiple studies, guidelines recommend hsCRP testing for both, primary (stratifying CVD risk groups, selecting patients for statin therapy) and secondary CVD prevention (prognosis of CVD and its treatment complications, evaluation of treatment efficacy in moderate CVD risk group). hsCRP testing also has role in heart failure, atrial fibrillation, arterial hypertension, valve pathology and prognosis of coronary stent thrombosis or restenosis. Medications (the well-known and the new specific – CRP binding) affecting its concentration are being investigated as well. Full article
7 pages, 790 KB  
Review
Takotsubo cardiomyopathy: The challenging diagnosis in clinical routine
by Eglė Kazakauskaitė, Antanas Jankauskas, Tomas Lapinskas, Rasa Ordienė and Eglė Ereminienė
Medicina 2014, 50(1), 1-7; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.medici.2014.05.009 - 6 Jun 2014
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 996
Abstract
Takotsubo cardiomyopathy is rapidly reversible heart failure syndrome that usually mimics the symptoms of acute myocardial infarction with the characteristic regional wall-motion abnormalities (classically with a virtual apical ballooning caused by hypokinetic or akinetic apical or midventricular myocardium and hypercontraction of the basal [...] Read more.
Takotsubo cardiomyopathy is rapidly reversible heart failure syndrome that usually mimics the symptoms of acute myocardial infarction with the characteristic regional wall-motion abnormalities (classically with a virtual apical ballooning caused by hypokinetic or akinetic apical or midventricular myocardium and hypercontraction of the basal segments) and absence of obstructive coronary artery disease. TC is usually associated with identifiable emotional, psychological or physical stress event and most commonly appears in postmen- opausal women. The certain pathophysiological mechanism remains unknown. However, the central hypothesis is supported by the excess of catecholamines and hyperactivity of nervous system. In the last decades the frequency of the TC diagnosis is increasing rapidly but at the initial presentation the diagnosis remains challenging due to the close similarities between TC and ST elevation myocardial infarction clinical presentations that consider TC as an important part of differential diagnosis in acute coronary syndrome. Full article
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