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Search Results (5)

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Authors = Takeo Kubota

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7 pages, 310 KiB  
Article
Synergistic Effect of History of Cardiovascular Disease and Mental Distress on Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder after the Great East Japan Earthquake: The Fukushima Health Management Survey
by Kazuhide Tezuka, Yasuhiko Kubota, Tetsuya Ohira, Hironori Nakano, Masaharu Maeda, Hirooki Yabe, Seiji Yasumura, Mayumi Harigane, Yuji Shimizu, Takeo Okada, Masahiko Kiyama, Kenji Kamiya and on behalf of the Fukushima Health Management Survey Group
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18(19), 10283; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph181910283 - 29 Sep 2021
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2429
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mental distress have been suggested to be associated with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), but the effect of their combination on PTSD is unknown. We reviewed the synergistic effects of the history of CVD and mental distress on the possibility [...] Read more.
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mental distress have been suggested to be associated with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), but the effect of their combination on PTSD is unknown. We reviewed the synergistic effects of the history of CVD and mental distress on the possibility of PTSD among residents in Fukushima after the Great East Japan Earthquake. This cross-sectional study was conducted among 38,392 participants aged 40–74 years in the evacuation area who applied for the Fukushima Health Management Study in Fiscal Year 2011. Relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI), attributable proportion (AP), odds ratio (OR), and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated to investigate the combined effect of history of CVD and mental distress on PTSD. We identified 8104 probable cases of PTSD (21.1%). History of CVD, mental distress, and their combination were positively associated with probable PTSD: the multivariable ORs (95% CIs) were 1.44 (1.04, 2.01), 20.08 (18.14, 22.22), and 26.60 (23.07, 30.67), respectively. There was a significant increase in RERI: the corresponding RERI (95% CI) and AP were 6.08 (3.16, 9.00) and 22.9%. Gender-specific analyses showed similar associations. Thus, we found a supra-additive association of history of CVD and mental distress with probable PTSD after the disaster. Full article
3 pages, 159 KiB  
Editorial
Epigenetics of Neurodevelopmental Disorders Comes of Age with Roles in Clinical and Educational Applications
by Takeo Kubota
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2018, 19(9), 2720; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19092720 - 12 Sep 2018
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2610
Abstract
Epigenetics is a gene regulation mechanism that does not depend on genomic DNA sequences, but depends instead on chemical modifications of DNA and histone proteins. [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Epigenetics of Neurodevelopmental Disorders)
12 pages, 548 KiB  
Review
Epigenetic Effect of Environmental Factors on Autism Spectrum Disorders
by Takeo Kubota and Kazuki Mochizuki
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2016, 13(5), 504; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph13050504 - 14 May 2016
Cited by 46 | Viewed by 10282
Abstract
Both environmental factors and genetic factors are involved in the pathogenesis of autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). Epigenetics, an essential mechanism for gene regulation based on chemical modifications of DNA and histone proteins, is also involved in congenital ASDs. It was recently demonstrated that [...] Read more.
Both environmental factors and genetic factors are involved in the pathogenesis of autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). Epigenetics, an essential mechanism for gene regulation based on chemical modifications of DNA and histone proteins, is also involved in congenital ASDs. It was recently demonstrated that environmental factors, such as endocrine disrupting chemicals and mental stress in early life, can change epigenetic status and gene expression, and can cause ASDs. Moreover, environmentally induced epigenetic changes are not erased during gametogenesis and are transmitted to subsequent generations, leading to changes in behavior phenotypes. However, epigenetics has a reversible nature since it is based on the addition or removal of chemical residues, and thus the original epigenetic status may be restored. Indeed, several antidepressants and anticonvulsants used for mental disorders including ASDs restore the epigenetic state and gene expression. Therefore, further epigenetic understanding of ASDs is important for the development of new drugs that take advantages of epigenetic reversibility. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Effects of Environmental Factors on Autism)
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13 pages, 1125 KiB  
Review
Prader-Willi Syndrome: The Disease that Opened up Epigenomic-Based Preemptive Medicine
by Takeo Kubota, Kunio Miyake, Natsuyo Hariya, Vuong Tran Nguyen Quoc and Kazuki Mochizuki
Diseases 2016, 4(1), 15; https://doi.org/10.3390/diseases4010015 - 11 Mar 2016
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 22122
Abstract
Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a congenital neurodevelopmental disorder caused by loss of function of paternally expressed genes on chromosome 15 due to paternal deletion of 15q11–q13, maternal uniparental disomy for chromosome 15, or an imprinting mutation. We previously developed a DNA methylation-based PCR [...] Read more.
Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a congenital neurodevelopmental disorder caused by loss of function of paternally expressed genes on chromosome 15 due to paternal deletion of 15q11–q13, maternal uniparental disomy for chromosome 15, or an imprinting mutation. We previously developed a DNA methylation-based PCR assay to identify each of these three genetic causes of PWS. The assay enables straightforward and rapid diagnosis during infancy and therefore allows early intervention such as nutritional management, physical therapy, or growth hormone treatment to prevent PWS patients from complications such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. It is known that various environmental factors induce epigenomic changes during the perinatal period, which increase the risk of adult diseases such as type 2 diabetes and intellectual disabilities. Therefore, a similar preemptive approach as used in PWS would also be applicable to acquired disorders and would make use of environmentally-introduced “epigenomic signatures” to aid development of early intervention strategies that take advantage of “epigenomic reversibility”. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Prader-Willi Syndrome)
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15 pages, 211 KiB  
Review
Epigenetic Mechanisms and Therapeutic Perspectives for Neurodevelopmental Disorders
by Takeo Kubota, Hirasawa Takae and Kunio Miyake
Pharmaceuticals 2012, 5(4), 369-383; https://doi.org/10.3390/ph5040369 - 5 Apr 2012
Cited by 26 | Viewed by 9924
Abstract
The number of children with mild neurodevelopmental disorders, such as autism, has been recently increasing in advanced countries. This increase is probably caused by environmental factors rather than genetic factors, because it is unlikely that genetic mutation rates suddenly increased within a short [...] Read more.
The number of children with mild neurodevelopmental disorders, such as autism, has been recently increasing in advanced countries. This increase is probably caused by environmental factors rather than genetic factors, because it is unlikely that genetic mutation rates suddenly increased within a short period. Epigenetics is a mechanism that regulates gene expression, depending not on the underlying DNA sequence but on the chemical modifications of DNA and histone proteins. Because mental stress can alter the epigenetic status in neuronal cells, environmental factors may alter brain function through epigenetic changes. However, one advantage of epigenetic changes is their reversibility. Therefore, diseases due to abnormal epigenetic regulation are theoretically treatable. In fact, several drugs for treating mental diseases are known to have restoring effects on aberrant epigenetic statuses, and a novel therapeutic strategy targeting gene has been developed. In this review, we discuss epigenetic mechanisms of congenital and acquired neurodevelopmental disorders, drugs with epigenetic effects, novel therapeutic strategies for epigenetic diseases, and future perspectives in epigenetic medicine. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Epigenetic Therapies and Biomarkers)
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