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Authors = Shallu Thakur

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15 pages, 6940 KiB  
Article
Transcriptional Changes during Phytophthora capsici Infection Reveal Potential Defense Mechanisms in Squash
by Shailesh Raj Acharya, Swati Shrestha, Vincent Njung’e Michael, Yuqing Fu, Prerna Sabharwal, Shallu Thakur and Geoffrey Meru
Stresses 2023, 3(4), 827-841; https://doi.org/10.3390/stresses3040056 - 29 Nov 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1875
Abstract
Phytophthora capsici incites foliar blight, root, fruit, and crown rot in squash (Cucurbita spp.) and limits production worldwide. Resistance to crown rot in C. moschata breeding line #394-1-27-12 is conferred by three dominant genes, but the molecular mechanisms underlying this resistance are [...] Read more.
Phytophthora capsici incites foliar blight, root, fruit, and crown rot in squash (Cucurbita spp.) and limits production worldwide. Resistance to crown rot in C. moschata breeding line #394-1-27-12 is conferred by three dominant genes, but the molecular mechanisms underlying this resistance are poorly understood. In the current study, RNA sequencing was used to investigate transcriptional changes in #394-1-27-12 (resistant) and Butterbush (susceptible) following infection by P. capsici at 12, 24, 48, 72, and 120 h post inoculation (hpi). Overall, the number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in Butterbush (2648) exceeded those in #394-1-27-12 (1729), but in both genotypes, the highest number of DEGs was observed at 72 hpi and least at 24 hpi. Our gene ontology (GO) analysis revealed a downregulation of the genes involved in polysaccharide and lignin metabolism in Butterbush but as an upregulation of those associated with regulation of peptidase activity. However, in #394-1-27-12, the downregulated genes were primarily associated with response to stimuli, whereas those upregulated were involved in oxidation–reduction and response to stress. The upregulated genes in #394-1-27-12 included defensin-like proteins, respiratory-burst oxidases, ethylene-responsive transcription factors, cytochrome P450 proteins, and peroxidases. These findings provide a framework for the functional validation of the molecular mechanisms underlying resistance to P. capsici in cucurbits. Full article
(This article belongs to the Collection Feature Papers in Plant and Photoautotrophic Stresses)
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44 pages, 2497 KiB  
Review
Understanding the Dynamics of Blast Resistance in Rice-Magnaporthe oryzae Interactions
by Basavantraya N. Devanna, Priyanka Jain, Amolkumar U. Solanke, Alok Das, Shallu Thakur, Pankaj K. Singh, Mandeep Kumari, Himanshu Dubey, Rajdeep Jaswal, Deepak Pawar, Ritu Kapoor, Jyoti Singh, Kirti Arora, Banita Kumari Saklani, Chandrappa AnilKumar, Sheshu Madhav Maganti, Humira Sonah, Rupesh Deshmukh, Rajeev Rathour and Tilak Raj Sharma
J. Fungi 2022, 8(6), 584; https://doi.org/10.3390/jof8060584 - 30 May 2022
Cited by 89 | Viewed by 10944
Abstract
Rice is a global food grain crop for more than one-third of the human population and a source for food and nutritional security. Rice production is subjected to various stresses; blast disease caused by Magnaporthe oryzae is one of the major biotic stresses [...] Read more.
Rice is a global food grain crop for more than one-third of the human population and a source for food and nutritional security. Rice production is subjected to various stresses; blast disease caused by Magnaporthe oryzae is one of the major biotic stresses that has the potential to destroy total crop under severe conditions. In the present review, we discuss the importance of rice and blast disease in the present and future global context, genomics and molecular biology of blast pathogen and rice, and the molecular interplay between rice–M. oryzae interaction governed by different gene interaction models. We also elaborated in detail on M. oryzae effector and Avr genes, and the role of noncoding RNAs in disease development. Further, rice blast resistance QTLs; resistance (R) genes; and alleles identified, cloned, and characterized are discussed. We also discuss the utilization of QTLs and R genes for blast resistance through conventional breeding and transgenic approaches. Finally, we review the demonstrated examples and potential applications of the latest genome-editing tools in understanding and managing blast disease in rice. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Fungal Genomics, Genetics and Molecular Biology)
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25 pages, 13549 KiB  
Review
Oscillating Transcriptome during Rice-Magnaporthe Interaction
by T.R. Sharma, Alok Das, Shallu Thakur, B.N. Devanna, Pankaj Kumar Singh, Priyanka Jain, Joshitha Vijayan and Shrawan Kumar
Curr. Issues Mol. Biol. 2016, 19(1), 99-120; https://doi.org/10.21775/9781910190357.10 - 11 Sep 2015
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 982
Abstract
Rice blast disease caused by the fungus, Magnaporthe oryzae, is one of the most devastating diseases of rice. Deciphering molecular mechanism of host-pathogen interactions is of great importance in devising disease management strategies. Transcription being the first step for gene regulation in [...] Read more.
Rice blast disease caused by the fungus, Magnaporthe oryzae, is one of the most devastating diseases of rice. Deciphering molecular mechanism of host-pathogen interactions is of great importance in devising disease management strategies. Transcription being the first step for gene regulation in eukaryotes, basic understanding of the transcriptome is sine qua non for devising effective management strategy. The availability of genome sequences of rice and M. oryzae has facilitated the process to a large extent. The current review summarizes recent understanding of rice-blast pathosystem, application of transcriptomics approaches to understand the interactions employing different platforms, major determinants in the interaction and possibility of using certain candidate for conditioning enhanced disease resistance (Effector Triggered Immunity and PAMP Triggered Immunity) and downstream signalling in rice. A better understanding of the interaction elements and effective strategies hold potential to reduce yield losses in rice caused by M. oryzae. Full article
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