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Authors = Roger A. Baldwin

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6 pages, 816 KiB  
Article
Assessing the Attractiveness of Three Baits for Roof Rats in California Citrus Orchards
by Kallista N. Wales, Ryan Meinerz and Roger A. Baldwin
Agronomy 2021, 11(12), 2417; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11122417 - 27 Nov 2021
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 3303
Abstract
Roof rats (Rattus rattus) are common pests of tree fruit and nut orchards in California. Tracking tunnels are an effective and practical tool for monitoring changes in roof rat numbers in orchard systems, but they rely on the use of attractive [...] Read more.
Roof rats (Rattus rattus) are common pests of tree fruit and nut orchards in California. Tracking tunnels are an effective and practical tool for monitoring changes in roof rat numbers in orchard systems, but they rely on the use of attractive baits to draw in rats to the tracking surface. The identification of baits that are both attractive and readily available would be of great assistance for monitoring changes in roof rat numbers within agricultural fields. Therefore, we tested the attractiveness of a soft bait (Liphatech Rat and Mouse AttractantTM), a wax block (Liphatech NoToxTM), peanut butter, and a control (i.e., no bait applied) to roof rats when applied within tracking tunnels. We did not observe a difference in visitation to any of the tested attractants, although all attractants yielded greater visitation rates than control tunnels. However, tracking tunnels without any attractant were still visited at a relatively high rate, indicating the tracking tunnel is attractive to roof rats. As such, monitoring tools that provide shelter may increase detectability, although this would need to be verified. Regardless, all three food-based lures we tested increased the attractiveness of tracking tunnels and could be used to increase visitation to these monitoring devices. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Rodents in Crop Production Agricultural Systems)
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28 pages, 4881 KiB  
Review
Non-Synonymous Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in the P2X Receptor Genes: Association with Diseases, Impact on Receptor Functions and Potential Use as Diagnosis Biomarkers
by Emily A. Caseley, Stephen P. Muench, Sebastien Roger, Hong-Ju Mao, Stephen A. Baldwin and Lin-Hua Jiang
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2014, 15(8), 13344-13371; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms150813344 - 30 Jul 2014
Cited by 43 | Viewed by 10411
Abstract
P2X receptors are Ca2+-permeable cationic channels in the cell membranes, where they play an important role in mediating a diversity of physiological and pathophysiological functions of extracellular ATP. Mammalian cells express seven P2X receptor genes. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are widespread [...] Read more.
P2X receptors are Ca2+-permeable cationic channels in the cell membranes, where they play an important role in mediating a diversity of physiological and pathophysiological functions of extracellular ATP. Mammalian cells express seven P2X receptor genes. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are widespread in the P2RX genes encoding the human P2X receptors, particularly the human P2X7 receptor. This article will provide an overview of the non-synonymous SNPs (NS-SNPs) that have been associated with or implicated in altering the susceptibility to pathologies or disease conditions, and discuss the consequences of the mutations resulting from such NS-SNPs on the receptor functions. Disease-associated NS-SNPs in the P2RX genes have been valuable in understanding the disease etiology and the receptor function, and are promising as biomarkers to be used for the diagnosis and development of stratified therapeutics. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Human Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms and Disease Diagnostics)
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13 pages, 149 KiB  
Review
Use of Maximum Entropy Modeling in Wildlife Research
by Roger A. Baldwin
Entropy 2009, 11(4), 854-866; https://doi.org/10.3390/e11040854 - 16 Nov 2009
Cited by 628 | Viewed by 29780
Abstract
Maximum entropy (Maxent) modeling has great potential for identifying distributions and habitat selection of wildlife given its reliance on only presence locations. Recent studies indicate Maxent is relatively insensitive to spatial errors associated with location data, requires few locations to construct useful models, [...] Read more.
Maximum entropy (Maxent) modeling has great potential for identifying distributions and habitat selection of wildlife given its reliance on only presence locations. Recent studies indicate Maxent is relatively insensitive to spatial errors associated with location data, requires few locations to construct useful models, and performs better than other presence-only modeling approaches. Further advances are needed to better define model thresholds, to test model significance, and to address model selection. Additionally, development of modeling approaches is needed when using repeated sampling of known individuals to assess habitat selection. These advancements would strengthen the utility of Maxent for wildlife research and management. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Maximum Entropy)
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