MDPI - Publisher of Open Access Journals

15 pages, 1346 KiB

Open AccessArticle

A Novel Kinetic Modeling of Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Sugarcane Bagasse Pretreated by Hydrothermal and Organosolv Processes

by João Moreira Neto, Josiel Martins Costa, Antonio Bonomi and Aline Carvalho Costa

Molecules 2023, 28(14), 5617; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28145617 - 24 Jul 2023

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2429

Abstract

Lignocellulosic biomasses have a complex and compact structure, requiring physical and/or chemical pretreatments to produce glucose before hydrolysis. Mathematical modeling of enzymatic hydrolysis highlights the interactions between cellulases and cellulose, evaluating the factors contributing to reactor scale-up and conversion rates. Furthermore, this study evaluated the influence of two pretreatments (hydrothermal and organosolv) on the kinetics of enzymatic hydrolysis of sugarcane bagasse. The kinetic parameters of the model were estimated using the Pikaia genetic algorithm with data from the experimental profiles of cellulose, cellobiose, glucose, and xylose. The model considered the phenomenon of non-productive adsorption of cellulase on lignin and inhibition of cellulase by xylose. Moreover, it included the behavior of cellulase adsorption on the substrate throughout hydrolysis and kinetic equations for obtaining xylose from xylanase-catalyzed hydrolysis of xylan. The model for both pretreatments was experimentally validated with bagasse concentration at 10% w/v. The Plackett–Burman design identified 17 kinetic parameters as significant in the behavior of process variables. In this way, the modeling and parameter estimation methodology obtained a good fit from the experimental data and a more comprehensive model. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Development and Application of Renewable Chemicals from Biomass and Waste II)

► Show Figures

Graphical abstract

3 pages, 507 KiB

Open AccessEditorial

Considerations on Electrochemical Technologies for Water Purification and Wastewater Treatment

by Josiel Martins Costa

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20(12), 6140; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20126140 - 16 Jun 2023

Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2461

Abstract

Water scarcity and pollution are global issues caused by factors, such as population growth, industrialization, and the utilization of water resources [...] Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Water Purification by Electrochemical Technologies)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

15 pages, 1607 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Dry Anaerobic Digestion of Brewer’s Spent Grains toward a More Sustainable Brewery: Operational Performance, Kinetic Analysis, and Bioenergy Potential

by William Gustavo Sganzerla, Josiel Martins Costa, Miriam Tena-Villares, Luz Selene Buller, Solange I. Mussatto and Tania Forster-Carneiro

Fermentation 2023, 9(1), 2; https://doi.org/10.3390/fermentation9010002 - 20 Dec 2022

Cited by 18 | Viewed by 4574

Abstract

Industrial beer production generates brewer’s spent grains (BSG) as a primary solid waste. The disposal of industrial waste can cause negative environmental side effects, including greenhouse gas emissions. This study evaluated the dry anaerobic digestion (AD) of BSG for bioenergy recovery as a solution toward a more sustainable brewery. The laboratory-scale agitated tank batch reactor (6.8 L) was started up with BSG (25%), mesophilic inoculum (45%), and water (30%). The experimental results showed 82.12% solids biodegradation, 57.38% soluble chemical oxygen demand removal, and an accumulated methane yield of 10.53 L CH₄ kg⁻¹ TVS. The methane production efficiency was evaluated by the modified Gompertz, Cone, and first-order kinetic models. The Cone model fitted methane evolution better than the modified Gompertz and first-order kinetic models. The biogas produced from the dry AD of BSG could generate electricity (0.133 MWh ton⁻¹) and heat (598.45 MJ ton⁻¹), mitigating 0.0099 and 0.0335 tCO_2eq ton⁻¹ BSG, respectively, for electricity and heat. The implementation of dry AD could supply 7.38% of the electricity and 6.86% of the heat required for beer production. Finally, in a biorefinery concept, dry AD can be an alternative route for solid waste management and bioenergy recovery, contributing to reduce the environmental impact of breweries. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Efficient Biorefinery of Waste Biomass into Valuable Resources and Energy)

► Show Figures

Graphical abstract

27 pages, 2042 KiB

Open AccessReview

Progress on Electrodeposition of Metals and Alloys Using Ionic Liquids as Electrolytes

by Javan Grisente dos Reis da Costa, Josiel Martins Costa and Ambrósio Florêncio de Almeida Neto

Metals 2022, 12(12), 2095; https://doi.org/10.3390/met12122095 - 6 Dec 2022

Cited by 30 | Viewed by 10627

Abstract

The electrodeposition process of metals and their alloys is widely used in the automotive, space, electronics, computing, jewelry, and other consumer items industries. Over the years, the search for new coatings with more suitable characteristics for their application led to the use of ionic liquids (ILs) as electrolytic solutions. In addition to having good conductive properties, the growing interest in these solvents has environmental appeal due to their low toxicity. Furthermore, the ability of these electrolytes to dissolve compounds containing less soluble metals makes them potential substitutes for environmentally harmful solvents. In this sense, this review describes the current state and the innovations concerning the electrodeposition of metals and alloys using ILs as electrolytes in the last five years. Metals were classified into five groups (common, light, noble, rare earth, and others), highlighting not only the ability to form a smooth, homogeneous, and anti-corrosive deposit, but also the reactive capacity of metals in hydrogen evolution and catalytic processes. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Deposition, Dissolution, and Oxidation of Metals and Alloys)

► Show Figures

Graphical abstract

16 pages, 1282 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Removal of Metals by Biomass Derived Adsorbent in Its Granular and Powdered Forms: Adsorption Capacity and Kinetics Analysis

by Ana Beatriz Soares Aguiar, Josiel Martins Costa, Gabriela Espirito Santos, Giselle Patrícia Sancinetti and Renata Piacentini Rodriguez

Sustain. Chem. 2022, 3(4), 535-550; https://doi.org/10.3390/suschem3040033 - 2 Dec 2022

Cited by 11 | Viewed by 2489

Abstract

Among the various existing metals, zinc and copper are predominant metals in several effluents from industries such as electroplating, plastics production and mining. Technical methods have been applied in the treatment of effluents containing metals, including chemical removal, adsorption, ion exchange, membrane technologies and electrochemistry. However, it is necessary to develop technologies that minimize costs and increase treatment quality while reducing residual sludge generation. Adsorption using biological materials stands out for removing metals, a low-cost technique and high efficiency. Thus, this study evaluated metal adsorption using an adsorbent from granular and powdered anaerobic sludge, followed by a kinetic analysis, aiming at a new alternative for wastewater treatment. Evaluation of the copper and zinc adsorption process using granular and powdered biomass resulted in maximum removals of 72.9% and 62.7% for zinc, respectively, and 92.8% and 85.0% for copper, respectively. Analyzing the kinetic models, the pseudo-second-order model fitted the data better. Applying the kinetics of other studies in the literature for copper and zinc removal by other adsorbents, the pseudo-second-order model was the most representative model. In this context, kinetic modeling allowed the determination of the solute removal rate, estimating the adsorption mechanism. Full article

► Show Figures

Graphical abstract

Search Results (5)

Further Information

Guidelines

MDPI Initiatives

Follow MDPI

Saved Queries

Search Filter Reset All

Years

Feature Papers

Subjects

Journals

Article Types

Countries / Regions

Search Results (5)

Further Information

Guidelines

MDPI Initiatives

Follow MDPI