MDPI - Publisher of Open Access Journals

14 pages, 5044 KiB

Open AccessArticle

High-Power-Density Thermoelectrochemical Cell Based on Ni/NiO Nanostructured Microsphere Electrodes with Alkaline Electrolyte

by Denis Artyukhov, Nikolay Kiselev, Elena Boychenko, Aleksandra Asmolova, Denis Zheleznov, Ivan Artyukhov, Igor Burmistrov and Nikolay Gorshkov

Nanomaterials 2023, 13(16), 2290; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13162290 - 9 Aug 2023

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1755

Abstract

Effective low-grade waste heat harvesting and its conversion into electric energy by the means of thermoelectrochemical cells (TECs) are a strong theme in the field of renewable energy investigation. Despite considerable scientific research, TECs have not yet been practically applied due to the high cost of electrode materials and low effectiveness levels. A large hypothetical Seebeck coefficient allow the harvest of the low-grade waste heat and, particularly, to use TECs for collecting human body heat. This paper demonstrates the investigation of estimated hypothetical Seebeck coefficient dependency on KOH electrolyte concentration for TECs with hollow nanostructured Ni/NiO microsphere electrodes. It proposes a thermoelectrochemical cell with power density of 1.72 W·m⁻² and describes the chemistry of electrodes and near-electrode space. Also, the paper demonstrates a decrease in charge transfer resistance from 3.5 to 0.52 Ω and a decrease in capacitive behavior with increasing electrolyte concentration due to diffusion effects. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanomaterials for Energy Conversion and Storage)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

11 pages, 7435 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Effect of Lithium Doping on the Dielectric Properties of Solid Solutions Li_xCa_(1−x)Cu₃Ti₄O₁₂ (x = 0.01–0.1)

by Alexey Tsyganov, Natalia Morozova, Maria Vikulova, Aleksandra Asmolova, Denis Artyukhov, Ilya Zotov, Alexander Gorokhovsky and Nikolay Gorshkov

J. Compos. Sci. 2023, 7(7), 282; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcs7070282 - 9 Jul 2023

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1952

Abstract

In this paper, Li_xCa_(1−x)Cu₃Ti₄O₁₂ (LCCTO) solid solutions were successfully synthesized. XRD diagrams showed that dopant acceptor Li⁺ cations, in a concentration range of x = 0.01–0.10, were successfully merged into CCTO structure. It was found that doping with low concentrations of lithium (x < 0.05) inhibited grain growth during annealing; however, for x > 0.05, the grain growth process resumed. Permittivity and dielectric losses of obtained LCCTO ceramics were analyzed by the means of impedance spectroscopy in a frequency range from 10⁻¹ to 10⁶ Hz. It was revealed that acceptor doping with lithium at an appropriate concentration of x = 0.05 allowed to obtain ceramics with a permittivity level of ε′ = 3 × 10⁴ and low dielectric losses tanδ < 0.1 at 1 kHz. Further addition of lithium in a concentration range of x = 0.075–0.10 led to a sharp decline in permittivity and an increase in dielectric losses. It was discovered that lithium addition to CCTO ceramics drastically decreased grain boundary resistivity from 115 MΩ·cm to 5–40 MΩ·cm at x = 0.01–0.10. Using Havriliak–Negami equation, the relaxation times for grain dipoles and grain boundary dipoles were found to be ranging from 0.8 × 10⁻⁶ to 1.7 × 10⁻⁶ s and from 0.4 × 10⁻⁴ to 7.1 × 10⁻⁴ s, respectively. The developed materials can be used in the manufacture of Multilayer Ceramic Capacitors (MLCC) as a dielectric. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced in Ceramic Matrix Composites)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

11 pages, 3828 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Synthesis and Dielectric Relaxation Studies of K_xFe_yTi_8-yO₁₆ (x = 1.4–1.8 and y = 1.4–1.6) Ceramics with Hollandite Structure

by Alexey Tsyganov, Denis Artyukhov, Maria Vikulova, Natalia Morozova, Ilya Zotov, Sergey Brudnik, Aleksandra Asmolova, Denis Zheleznov, Alexander Gorokhovsky and Nikolay Gorshkov

Ceramics 2023, 6(1), 619-629; https://doi.org/10.3390/ceramics6010037 - 1 Mar 2023

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2438

Abstract

Some solid solutions with the chemical composition K_xFe_yTi_8-yO₁₆ (KFTO) and a hollandite-like structure were successfully synthesized by modified sol–gel method. The obtained powders were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The ceramic pellets based on KFTO powders were obtained by compressing and sintering at 1080 °C for 4 h. The sinters were characterized by X-ray and impedance spectroscopy. XRD results show that KFTO powders have a mono-phase tetragonal structure at x = 1.4–1.8 and y = 1.4–1.6. However, it was recognized that the hollandite-like phase could be broken during sintering to form TiO₂ and Fe₂TiO₅ crystals distributed throughout the volume of the ceramics. A frequency dependency of dielectric properties for the sinters was studied by impedance spectroscopy. It was found that an increase in the TiO₂ (rutile) phase during the sintering contributes to a decrease in dielectric losses. At the same time, the KFTO ceramics with reduced content of potassium had increased permittivity. The contribution of electron-pinned defect dipoles (EPDD) and internal barrier layer capacitance (IBLC) in the permittivity of the obtained ceramics was estimated using the Havriliak–Negami equation. It is shown that the KFTO ceramics have the polydisperse characteristic of dielectric relaxation. The observed grain and grain boundary dipole relaxation times were 1.03 × 10⁻⁶ to 5.51 × 10⁻⁶ s and 0.197 to 0.687 s, respectively. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Ceramics)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

Search Results (3)

Further Information

Guidelines

MDPI Initiatives

Follow MDPI

Saved Queries

Search Filter Reset All

Years

Feature Papers

Subjects

Journals

Article Types

Countries / Regions

Search Results (3)

Further Information

Guidelines

MDPI Initiatives

Follow MDPI