Anglophone Riot

A special issue of Humanities (ISSN 2076-0787).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (5 September 2025) | Viewed by 4969

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of English, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
Interests: Eighteenth-Century and Nineteenth-Century literature, especially Anglophone Romanticism(s) in a global context; the history of English languages; sociolinguistics; dialect writing; history of literacy; historiography; translation studies and literary and critical theory

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Guest Editor
The Starr Center for the American Experience, Washington College, Chestertown, MD 21620, USA
Interests: eighteenth and nineteenth century Atlantic world with particular interest in the Caribbean; social history and literature; material culture; women's history; eighteenth-century port life in colonial America

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

“Riot” is an ambivalent term with complexly interlaced referents.  In the domain of the social and the economic, “riot” refers to “a violent disturbance of the peace by a crowd,” as the OED reports.  In the domain of the aesthetic, the term “riot” has long named “a roaringly successful show, performer, etc” as well as “a person […] or thing which is extremely popular or makes a big impression.”  In contemporary anglophone vernacular, riot occurs in streets, in prisons, in protests, and in spaces of exceptional social combustibility—spaces that are nowadays increasingly “common” in three senses: frequent, popular, and public.  Riot also occurs in aesthetic space: there are riots of color, riotous performances, riotous behavior, and riot as aesthetic judgement, as in, “the book was a riot.” Importantly, there were also riotous developments in language and pedagogy.  This issue zeroes in on the varied meanings of riot in the period, as well as now.  For Romanticists, the doubledness of this term is hidden in plain view in Wordsworth’s definition of poetry, which is as familiar as the air we breathe.  “Poetry is the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings,” Wordsworth writes, and from the perspective of 2024 we know too that the “the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings” is also one of the primary definitions of “riot.”  

This special edition invites papers on the archive of late-eighteenth- and early-nineteenth-century riot literature as it relates to an increasingly global anglophone world—by which we mean the motley archive of news, stories, poems, and plays that document bread riots, swing riots, dock riots, theater riots, colonial riots and more—is an important mediator of aesthetic practice during the Romantic period. “No one knows what the riot wants,” writes Alain Badiou in his recent book on the subject, to which we can add that because riot itself is amorphous and unpredictable, capturing it in poetry, on stage, or in the novel poses interesting aesthetic problems.  Departing from social historian E.P. Thompson’s (and more recently Joshua Clover’s) periodizing conclusion that the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries were a time when riots were ambient features of social and economic life, and, given the well-known fact that Wordsworth and Romantic-era writers in general were bravura upcyclers of “situations from common life,” this paper takes seriously the notion that reports of political “riot” were remediated through the literary into new and novel poetic and literary forms. From this perspective, it is possible to see the commons as a maker of Romanticism rather than the more conventional view in which the Romantics represent the commons. 

Dr. Daniel DeWispelare
Dr. Victoria Barnett-Woods
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • riot
  • literature
  • anglophone world

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Published Papers (6 papers)

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Editorial

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5 pages, 138 KB  
Editorial
Riotous Assemblies: Afterword
by Nathan K. Hensley
Humanities 2025, 14(10), 202; https://doi.org/10.3390/h14100202 - 17 Oct 2025
Viewed by 457
Abstract
The fissures in the organization of society that has obtained for some while widen weekly [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Anglophone Riot)

Research

Jump to: Editorial

14 pages, 255 KB  
Article
The Global Ballad: Kuyili, Female Militancy, and Romantic Untranslatability
by Kaushik Tekur
Humanities 2026, 15(3), 37; https://doi.org/10.3390/h15030037 - 28 Feb 2026
Viewed by 591
Abstract
This article examines the revival of the Romantic Ballad in contemporary anglophone writing through Vanavil K. Ravi’s The Ballad of the Warrior-Girl, which reimagines the Tamil folk figure, Kuyili and her role in the Sivagangai rebellion, a Romantic-era anti-colonial uprising in South [...] Read more.
This article examines the revival of the Romantic Ballad in contemporary anglophone writing through Vanavil K. Ravi’s The Ballad of the Warrior-Girl, which reimagines the Tamil folk figure, Kuyili and her role in the Sivagangai rebellion, a Romantic-era anti-colonial uprising in South India. In retelling this folk memory, Ravi mobilizes a Romantic-era form to recast an instance of a local uprising, rife with caste dynamics, into a national and globalized narrative aligned with neo-nationalist storytelling conventions. By transforming a lower-caste, female militant in a local language into a Hindu, pan-Indian icon of patriotic martyrdom, Ravi’s ballad participates in a larger trend of globalized translations. I situate the text within intersecting histories of Romanticisms, balladic traditions, and the global circulation of literary forms. Through this, I outline what I call the ‘global ballad’ as distinct from the ‘globalized ballad’. While the latter flattens cultural difference into consumable cosmopolitanism, the former centers opacity and untranslatability across rhizomatic relationalities. I show how reading literary texts alongside different critical traditions is a productive way to counter the exoticized, neoliberal circulation of literature in translation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Anglophone Riot)
18 pages, 1608 KB  
Article
Smoke Poetics: The Wapping Coal Riot, the Marine Police, and Romantic Forms of Urbanity
by Jesslyn Whittell
Humanities 2026, 15(1), 11; https://doi.org/10.3390/h15010011 - 5 Jan 2026
Viewed by 524
Abstract
This paper reads coal as a metonym for London’s social fabric in the writings of police theorist Patrick Colquhoun, the archival reports on the Wapping Coal Riot, and the anti-carceral poetry of William Blake. In 1798, at the behest of the West India [...] Read more.
This paper reads coal as a metonym for London’s social fabric in the writings of police theorist Patrick Colquhoun, the archival reports on the Wapping Coal Riot, and the anti-carceral poetry of William Blake. In 1798, at the behest of the West India Committee, Colquhoun had developed the first modern police force, the Thames River Police, which predated Robert Peel’s metropolitan police by over 20 years. Colquhoun’s “Treatise on the Commerce and Police of the River Thames” (1800) centers on coal in his case for policing. In his argument, coal’s energy economies link domestic affairs with the entire metropolis, making policing a city-wide problem, one that merits public support (and public funding). In reading Colquhoun’s treatise as an example of the entanglement of policing and fossil fuel power, I discuss the relevant literature from the energy humanities that connects fossil energy to the larger extractive ideologies of empire. I also demonstrate how Colquhoun’s figuring of coal builds on but alters portrayals of coal in Jonathan Swift and Anna Barbauld. The final section of this discussion demonstrates how Blake’s Jerusalem (1820) indexes dispersed, atmospheric systems of carceral power and summons dynamic, unpoliceable crowds. Blake’s smoke poetics sketch a limit of generalization, one that recoups figures of pollution and waste to riot against the systems that produce them. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Anglophone Riot)
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13 pages, 260 KB  
Article
Projects for Riot in Bentham’s Defense of Usury and Smith’s Wealth of Nations
by David Alff
Humanities 2025, 14(12), 241; https://doi.org/10.3390/h14120241 - 16 Dec 2025
Viewed by 623
Abstract
This essay argues that Jeremy Bentham’s experience of the 1780 Gordon Riots and 1787 sojourn to White Russia inspired his conception of several projects for managing unruly populations. Bentham’s devotion to speculative enterprise informs his Defence of Usury, which vindicates schemers and [...] Read more.
This essay argues that Jeremy Bentham’s experience of the 1780 Gordon Riots and 1787 sojourn to White Russia inspired his conception of several projects for managing unruly populations. Bentham’s devotion to speculative enterprise informs his Defence of Usury, which vindicates schemers and dreamers from the criticism of Adam Smith, whose Wealth of Nations caricatured projectors as “riotous” con-artists who threatened domestic peace. Bentham’s Defence, I show, resuscitated early modern debates over the efficacy of free-lance enterprise to authorize his own efforts to improve society. A projector and theorist of projection, Bentham reveals how residents of the late eighteenth century described riot so that they could suppress it. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Anglophone Riot)
13 pages, 214 KB  
Article
Hydrocolonialism, Countersurveillance, and “America Independent”: Poetic Framings of Revolutionary Tea Parties
by Victoria Barnett-Woods
Humanities 2025, 14(12), 231; https://doi.org/10.3390/h14120231 - 25 Nov 2025
Viewed by 485
Abstract
Between December 1773 and May 1775, several port cities and towns across the American seaboard participated in a “tea party” as an act of political defiance toward the recent onslaught of taxation laws implemented by the British government on American colonists. Indeed, on [...] Read more.
Between December 1773 and May 1775, several port cities and towns across the American seaboard participated in a “tea party” as an act of political defiance toward the recent onslaught of taxation laws implemented by the British government on American colonists. Indeed, on 19 October 1774, in Annapolis, Maryland, taxpayer Anthony Stewart was coerced by the Sons of Liberty to burn his ship to the water line to prove his patriotism to the American cause, despite his Loyalist leanings. The circumstances that led to the Patriots targeting tea as their symbol for destruction, the Bostonian group to attire themselves as Mohawks and throw boxes overboard, the multiple threats made to Customs officials and Loyalists alike, speak to the American Revolution borne of a relationship between the mechanisms of hydrocolonialism (concentrated at the Custom House and at major trade docks) and countersurveillance systems implemented by the Sons and Liberty (represented by a number of different groups) and enforced by emerging poetic forms rising with the times of revolution. This is most demonstrated in the “poet of the American Revolution,” Philip Morin Freneau, and his poetic responses to the events leading up to and during the American Revolution. Taking the example of the Annapolis Tea Party and Freneau’s poetry under the consideration of hydrocolonialism among other critical interventions, this essay will consider the push and pull of imperial surveillance and patriotic countersurveillance at the breaking point of the American Revolution, when riots between colonists over goods and taxes spoke to larger socioeconomic systems of control that remain ever present in American cultural values. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Anglophone Riot)
13 pages, 252 KB  
Article
Viperine Ecologies, Obeah, Hermeneutical Insurgence: Robert Wedderburn’s Afrodiasporic Audience
by Alick D. McCallum
Humanities 2025, 14(11), 219; https://doi.org/10.3390/h14110219 - 7 Nov 2025
Viewed by 910
Abstract
Son of the “rebellious” Rosanna, and grandson of an obeah woman, ‘Talkee Amy’, Robert Wedderburn was a formerly enslaved ultra-radical prophet, pamphleteer, and anti-abolitionist campaigner who migrated to England from Jamaica in 1778. A recent uptick in Wedderburn scholarship, in the words of [...] Read more.
Son of the “rebellious” Rosanna, and grandson of an obeah woman, ‘Talkee Amy’, Robert Wedderburn was a formerly enslaved ultra-radical prophet, pamphleteer, and anti-abolitionist campaigner who migrated to England from Jamaica in 1778. A recent uptick in Wedderburn scholarship, in the words of Shelby Johnson, centers “Caribbean history in our approaches to Wedderburn, whose career in London looms large in critical assessments of his work.” However, even this tradition overlooks the place of Black political actors in Wedderburn’s audiences. By reading spy reports of “West Indian” attendees at Wedderburn’s debates and his frequent address of “ye Africans” in his periodical The Axe Laid to the Root, I argue there is an important difference between approaching Caribbean history as a means of explaining where Wedderburn’s political orientations came from versus regarding the Caribbean as a place where Afrodiasporic people developed critical apparatuses of their own which were themselves used to interpret Wedderburn’s work in his own time. By reapproaching Wedderburn’s archives through interpretive frameworks that may have been available to his Afro-Caribbean audiences, I argue Wedderburn curated spaces of Black political belonging through which Black political agents circulated Black political thought around the Atlantic world of his time. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Anglophone Riot)
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