Association between Anthropometric Measurements and Vascular Disease: A Cross Sectional Study
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Design
2.2. Participants
2.3. Vascular Diagnostics
2.4. Measurements
2.5. Data Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Overall (N = 250) | CTRL (n = 50/250) | CVD (n = 59/250) | CS (n = 41/250) | AAA (n = 49/250) | PAD (n = 51/250) | p-Value (<0.05) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Subject clinical characteristics | |||||||
Age (years) | 65.2 ± 13.3 | 66 ± 12.8 | 60 ± 16.1 | 66.8 ± 11.9 | 67.7 ± 9.9 | 66.8 ± 13.3 | 0.086 |
- | - | 60 ± 16.1 | - | 67.7 ± 9.9 | - | 0.022 | |
Males | 155/250 (62%) | 32/50 (64%) | 22/59 (37.2%) | 27/41 (65.8%) | 40/49 (81.6%) | 34/51 (66.6%) | <0.001 |
- | 32/50 (64%) | 22/59 (37.2%) | - | - | - | 0.009 | |
- | - | 22/59 (37.2%) | 27/41 (65.8%) | - | - | 0.009 | |
- | - | 22/59 (37.2%) | - | 40/49 (81.6%) | - | <0.001 | |
- | - | 22/59 (37.2%) | - | - | 34/51 (66.6%) | 0.003 | |
Current smoker | 76/250 (30.4%) | 14/50 (28%) | 9/59 (15.2%) | 11/41 (26.8%) | 25/49 (51%) | 17/51 (33.3%) | 0.002 |
- | 14/50 (28%) | - | - | 25/49 (51%) | - | 0.032 | |
- | - | 9/59 (15.2%) | - | 25/49 (51%) | - | <0.001 | |
- | - | 9/59 (15.2%) | - | - | 17/51 (33.3%) | 0.045 | |
- | - | - | 11/41 (26.8%) | 25/49 (51%) | - | 0.034 | |
Hypertension | 169/250 (67.6%) | 38/50 (76%) | 28/59 (47.4%) | 30/41 (73.1%) | 36/49 (73.4%) | 37/51 (72.5%) | 0.006 |
- | 38/50 (76%) | 28/59 (47.4%) | - | - | - | 0.004 | |
- | - | 28/59 (47.4%) | - | - | 37/51 (72.5%) | 0.013 | |
- | - | 28/59 (47.4%) | 30/41 (73.1%) | - | - | 0.018 | |
- | - | 28/59 (47.4%) | - | 36/49 (73.4%) | - | 0.011 | |
Diabetes | 90/250 (36%) | 17/50 (34%) | 12/59 (20.3%) | 16/41 (39%) | 12/49 (24.4%) | 33/51 (64.7%) | <0.001 |
- | 17/50 (34%) | - | - | - | 33/51 (64.7%) | 0.003 | |
- | - | 12/59 (20.3%) | - | - | 33/51 (64.7%) | <0.001 | |
- | - | - | 16/41 (39%) | - | 33/51 (64.7%) | 0.024 | |
12/49 (24.4%) | 33/51 (64.7%) | <0.001 | |||||
Dyslipidemia | 117/250 (46.8%) | 23/50 (46%) | 22/59 (37.2%) | 25/41 (60.9%) | 19/49 (38.7%) | 28/51 (54.9%) | 0.088 |
- | - | 22/59 (37.2%) | 25/41 (60.9%) | - | - | 0.033 | |
Coronary Artery Disease | 75/250 (30%) | 14/50 (28%) | 15/59 (25.4%) | 13/41 (31.7%) | 16/49 (32.6%) | 17/51 (33.3%) | 0.882 |
Chronic Kidney Disease | 33/250 (13.2%) | 3/50 (6%) | 6/59 (10.1%) | 6/41 (14.6%) | 9/49 (18.3%) | 9/51 (17.6%) | 0.305 |
CTRL (n = 50/250) | CVD (n = 59/250) | CS (n = 41/250) | AAA (n = 49/250) | PAD (n = 51/250) | p-Value (<0.05) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Anthropometric characteristics | ||||||
Weight (kg) | ||||||
| 82.2 ± 18.7 | 79.9 ± 18.6 | 78.6 ± 14.3 | 80.4 ± 13.6 | 86.7 ± 24.6 | 0.232 |
| 81 ± 16.3 | 86.7 ± 16.7 | 80.6 ± 10.6 | 81.9 ± 13.6 | 85.2 ± 16.3 | 0.610 |
| 84.3 ± 22.5 | 75.8 ± 18.7 | 74.7 ± 19.4 | 73.5 ± 11.9 | 89.6 ± 25.8 | 0.351 |
Height (cm) | ||||||
| 168 ± 8.4 | 165 ± 8.6 | 168.9 ± 7.7 | 169.8 ± 8.5 | 166.2 ± 7.4 | 0.621 |
- | 165 ± 8.6 | - | 169.8 ± 8.5 | - | 0.017 | |
| 171.9 ± 6.1 | 173.4 ± 4.2 | 171.7 ± 6.3 | 172.7 ± 5.8 | 169.2 ± 6.7 | 0.107 |
| 161 ± 7.4 | 159.8 ± 6.2 | 163.5 ± 7.5 | 156.6 ± 5.5 | 160.3 ± 4.8 | 0.679 |
BMI (kg/m2) | ||||||
| 29.1 ± 6.8 | 29.1 ± 6.4 | 27.6 ± 5.6 | 27.9 ± 4.3 | 31.4 ± 9 | 0.267 |
| 27.3 ± 5 | 28.2 ± 5.7 | 27.4 ± 4.2 | 27.4 ± 3.9 | 29.6 ± 8.3 | 0.222 |
| 32.4 ± 8.4 | 29.6 ± 6.8 | 28 ± 7.8 | 29.9 ± 5.3 | 35 ± 9.6 | 0.244 |
Waist circumference (cm) | ||||||
| 100.7 ± 19.3 | 102.4 ± 17.9 | 99.5 ± 13.4 | 98.3 ± 15 | 105.8 ± 22.5 | 0.446 |
| 96.8 ± 15.7 | 103.8 ± 16.1 | 99.5 ± 13 | 97.4 ± 14.8 | 102.3 ± 21.8 | 0.552 |
| 107.6 ± 23.3 | 101.6 ± 19.1 | 99.5 ± 14.9 | 102.3 ± 16 | 113 ± 22.8 | 0.321 |
WHR | ||||||
| 0.932 ± 0.07 | 0.918 ± 0.09 | 0.978 ± 0.06 | 0.953 ± 0.08 | 0.950 ± 0.09 | 0.055 |
- | 0.918 ± 0.09 | 0.978 ± 0.06 | - | - | 0.005 | |
| 0.955 ± 0.04 | 0.955 ± 0.11 | 0.984 ± 0.05 | 0.975 ± 0.05 | 0.956 ± 0.09 | 0.652 |
| 0.892 ± 0.09 | 0.895 ± 0.08 | 0.966 ± 0.08 | 0.854 ± 0.12 | 0.939 ± 0.08 | 0.192 |
WSR | ||||||
| 0.614 ± 0.149 | 0.638 ± 0.139 | 0.592 ± 0.101 | 0.593 ± 0.121 | 0.663 ± 0.202 | 0.437 |
| 0.572 ± 0.121 | 0.629 ± 0.148 | 0.586 ± 0.102 | 0.567 ± 0.09 | 0.643 ± 0.222 | 0.284 |
| 0.688 ± 0.169 | 0.643 ± 0.135 | 0.606 ± 0.102 | 0.710 ± 0.148 | 0.702 ± 0.154 | 0.413 |
ABSI | ||||||
| 0.0818 ± 0.008 | 0.0836 ± 0.007 | 0.0837 ± 0.009 | 0.0815 ± 0.008 | 0.0826 ± 0.01 | 0.889 |
| 0.0810 ± 0.007 | 0.0837 ± 0.005 | 0.0831 ± 0.007 | 0.0809 ± 0.008 | 0.0823 ± 0.009 | 0.995 |
| 0.0831 ± 0.009 | 0.0835 ± 0.008 | 0.0849 ± 0.011 | 0.0843 ± 0.009 | 0.0833 ± 0.010 | 0.878 |
Height ≥ 170 mm a | Odds Ratio | 95% CI | p-Value (<0.05) |
---|---|---|---|
CVD 23/59 (38.9%) vs. AAA 39/49 (61.2%) | 2.45 | [1.06; 5.79] | 0.033 |
WHR ≥ 0.980 a | |||
CVD 13/59 (22%) vs. CS 21/41 (51.2%) | 3.66 | [1.43; 9.72] | 0.004 |
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Costa, D.; Andreucci, M.; Isabella, F.; Ielapi, N.; Peluso, A.; Bracale, U.M.; Serra, R. Association between Anthropometric Measurements and Vascular Disease: A Cross Sectional Study. J. Vasc. Dis. 2023, 2, 13-22. https://doi.org/10.3390/jvd2010002
Costa D, Andreucci M, Isabella F, Ielapi N, Peluso A, Bracale UM, Serra R. Association between Anthropometric Measurements and Vascular Disease: A Cross Sectional Study. Journal of Vascular Diseases. 2023; 2(1):13-22. https://doi.org/10.3390/jvd2010002
Chicago/Turabian StyleCosta, Davide, Michele Andreucci, Francesco Isabella, Nicola Ielapi, Antonio Peluso, Umberto Marcello Bracale, and Raffaele Serra. 2023. "Association between Anthropometric Measurements and Vascular Disease: A Cross Sectional Study" Journal of Vascular Diseases 2, no. 1: 13-22. https://doi.org/10.3390/jvd2010002