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Article

Common Fixed-Point Theorems for Families of Compatible Mappings in Neutrosophic Metric Spaces

1
Office of Research, Innovation and Commercialization, University of Management and Technology, Lahore 54770, Pakistan
2
Department of Mathematics, University of Management and Technology, Lahore 54770, Pakistan
3
Department of Computing and Mathematical Sciences, Cameron University, Lawton, OK 73505, USA
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Foundations 2023, 3(4), 738-762; https://doi.org/10.3390/foundations3040042
Submission received: 3 September 2023 / Revised: 1 November 2023 / Accepted: 20 November 2023 / Published: 30 November 2023
(This article belongs to the Section Mathematical Sciences)

Abstract

:
Sets, probability, and neutrosophic logic are all topics covered by neutrosophy. Moreover, the classical set, fuzzy set, and intuitionistic fuzzy set are generalized using the neutrosophic set. A neutrosophic set is a mathematical concept used to solve problems with inconsistent, ambiguous, and inaccurate data. In this article, we demonstrate some basic fixed-point theorems for any even number of compatible mappings in complete neutrosophic metric spaces. Our primary findings expand and generalize the findings previously established in the literature.

1. Introduction

We can quickly see the importance of fixed-point (fp) theorems by considering their applications in a variety of fields. The fp theorems demand that the function has at least one fp under specified conditions. As is evident, these conclusions usually benefit mathematics as a whole and are crucial for analyzing the existence and uniqueness of solutions to various mathematical models. Since then, numerous actual applications for handling uncertainty have utilized fuzzy sets (FSs) and fuzzy logic. The traditional FSs utilize one real value μ A ϖ [ 0 , 1 ] to constitute the class of community of a FS A defined in terms of the universe   Ξ . Occasionally, μ A ( ϖ ) itself is unknown and difficult to define using an invigorating value. So, the concept of the interval valued as FS was proposed in [1] to capture the unpredictable nature of class of community.
FS uses an interval value μ A   L   ϖ ,   μ A   U ϖ   w i t h   0 μ A   L   ϖ μ A   U ϖ 1 to constitute the class of the community of FS A . For applications that consider authority structure, reliance system and information fusion, we should not only consider the truth community supported by the noticeable. An IFS can only hold insufficient details but not undefined details and inconsistent details, which commonly exist in reliance structures. In IFS, this detail is 1 τ A ( ϖ ) f A ( ϖ ) by default. For instance, when we call on the support of a specialist to create a definite declaration, they may believe that the chances the declaration is true is 0.5, the chances that the declaration is wrong is 0.6, and level that it is dubious is 0.2.
In the neutrosophic set (NS), indeterminacy is quantified explicitly, and membership of the truth, indeterminacy, and falsehood classes are all independent. This presumption is crucial in many circumstances, including information fusion, which is the process of combining data derived from many sensors. Smarandache first introduced neutrosophy in 1995. The genesis, character, and range of neutralities, as well as how they interact with various ideational spectra, are studied in this area of philosophy [1]. The concept of the classic set, FS [2], interval-valued FS [3], IFS [4], etc., are all considered.
The Banach fp theorem, which Banach [5] initially proposed in 1922 and Caccioppoli [6] further derived in 1931 based on the framework of metric space (ms) fp theory, is covered in this paper. Several researchers established various conditions to examine fps. Through the help of Banach and Caccioppoli, the fp research community produced several good results. Utilizing the concept of FS theory, which Zadeh [2] developed in 1965, fixing real-world problems becomes undoubtedly simple because it helps to explain ambiguity and inaccuracy. Using the framework of a metric linear space, Arora and Sharma [7] derived the common fps through fuzzy mappings.
Park [8], using the idea of IFS, defined the notion of IFMSs, with the support of continuous t-norms (CTN) and continuous t-conorms (CTCN) as a theory of fuzzy metric space (FMS), due to the work of George and Veeramani [9]. Sessa [10] describes a theory of fluctuation, which is called weak commutativity. Further, Jungck [11] established many theories of commutativity, which are called compatibility. Mishra et al. [12] gain common fp theorems for compatible maps based on FMS. Turkoglu et al. [13] worked out the definitions of compatible maps of class (α) and (β) in IFMS. Alaca et al. [14] established the theory of compatible mappings type (I) and (II) and satisfied common fp theorems for four mappings in IFMSs.
Kirişci et al. [15] established the NMSs. Ishtiaq et al. [16] established the concept of neutrosophic extended metric-like spaces and established few FP theorems. In neutrosophic extended metric-like spaces, the authors utilized the concept of neutrosophic sets, metric space, continuous triangular norms, and continuous conorms. Uddin et al. [17] defined the concept of neutrosophic double-controlled metric spaces as a generalization of NMSs. For more related results, see [18,19,20,21,22,23].
The main aim of this manuscript is to enhance a common fp theorem to any even number of mappings using a complete NMS. In the second part of this paper, we provide several basic definitions and results derived from the existing literature. In part 3, we establish the main theorems of this paper. In part 4, we satisfy a common fixed-point (CFP) theorem for four finite families of mappings using a complete NMS.

2. Preliminaries

In this section, we provide some definitions that are helpful for readers to understand the main section.
Definition 1
([18]). We suppose that a binary operation    : 0 , 1 × 0 , 1 [ 0 , 1 ]  is said to be CTN if     is fulfilling the following conditions:
(T1) 
  is associative and commutative;
(T2) 
   is continuous;
(T3) 
ϱ 1 = ϱ     ϱ 0 , 1   ;
(T4) 
ϱ π c d  whenever  ϱ c  and  π d ,  and  ϱ , π , c , d 0 , 1 .
Definition 2
([18]). A binary operation  : 0 , 1 × 0 , 1 0 , 1  is a CTCN if   satisfies the (T1), (T2), and (T4) and also fulfills:
(T5) 
ϱ     0 = ϱ     ϱ 0 , 1 .
Definition 3
([23]). We suppose that  Ξ  is a nonempty set,   is a CTN and  M  is a fuzzy set for  Ξ × Ξ × 0 , . Then,  M  is said to be a fuzzy metric on   Ξ  if for all  ϖ , ω , σ Ξ ,   M  satisfies the following conditions:
(f1) 
M ϖ , ω , 0 = 0 ;
(f2) 
M ϖ , ω , τ = 1  for all  τ > 0  , iff  μ = v ;
(f3) 
M ϖ , ω , τ = M ω , ϖ , τ ;
(f4) 
M ϖ , σ , τ + λ M ϖ , ω , τ M ω , σ , λ  for all  τ , λ > 0 ;
(f5) 
M ϖ , ω , . : 0 , 0 , 1  is left continuous and  lim τ m ϖ , ω , τ = 1 ;
Then,  Ξ , M ,  is called fuzzy metric space.
Definition 4
([20]). A 5-tuple  Ξ , M d , N d , ,  is said to be an IFMS if  Ξ    is an arbitrary set,   is a CTN,     is a CTCN, and  M d , N d  are FS on  Ξ 2 × 0 ,  , satisfying the following conditions for all    ϖ , ω , σ Ξ ,   λ , τ > 0 ,
(a) 
M d ϖ , ω , τ + N d ϖ , ω , τ 1 ;
(b) 
M d ϖ , ω , 0 = 0 ;
(c) 
M d ϖ , ω , τ = 1     τ > 0   ϖ = ω ;
(d) 
M d ϖ , ω , τ = M d ω , ϖ , τ ;
(e) 
M d ϖ , ω , τ M d ω , σ , λ M d ϖ , σ , τ + λ   ϖ , ω , σ Ξ ,   λ , τ > 0 ;
(f) 
M d ϖ , ω ,   · : 0 , [ 0 , 1 ]  is left continuous;
(g) 
lim τ M d ϖ , ω , σ = 1     ϖ , ω Ξ ;
(h) 
N d ϖ , ω , 0 = 1 ;
(i) 
N d ( ϖ , ω , τ ) = 0     τ > 0   ϖ = ω ;
(j) 
N d ϖ , ω , τ = N d ω , ϖ , τ ;
(k) 
N d ( ϖ , ω , τ ) N d ( ω , σ , λ ) N d ( ϖ , σ , τ + λ )     ϖ , ω , σ Ξ , λ , τ > 0 ;
(l) 
N d ϖ , ω ,   · : 0 , 0 , 1    is right continuous;
(m) 
lim τ N d ϖ , ω , τ = 0 ,     ϖ , ω Ξ .
Then,  M , N d  is said to be an IFM on   Ξ .
Example 1
([9]). We suppose that  Ξ , d  is a ms. Let  ϱ π = ϱ π  and  ϱ π = min 1 ,   ϱ + π ,     ϱ , π [ 0 , 1 ]  and let  M d  and  N d  be FSs on  Ξ 2 × ( 0 , ) , specifying the following conditions:
M d ϖ , ω , τ = h τ n h τ n + m d ϖ , ω ,
  N d ϖ , ω , τ = d ( ϖ , ω ) λ τ n + m d ( ϖ , ω ) ,
for all  h , λ , m , n N .  Then,  ( Ξ , M d , N d , , )  is an IFMS.
Remark 1.
Note that the above example holds even with the CTN  ϱ π = min ϱ , π  and the CTCN  ϱ π = max ϱ , π  ; hence,  ( M , N )  is an IFMS with respect to any CTN and CTCN. In the above example, by taking  h = λ = m = n = 1 ,
N d ϖ , ω , τ = d ( ϖ , ω ) τ + d ( ϖ , ω ) ,   M d ϖ , ω , τ = τ τ + d ( ϖ , ω )   .  
Theorem 1
([22]). Let  ( Ξ , M d , N d , , )  be a complete intuitionistic fuzzy metric space, and let  A , B , S , T , p   a n d   Q  be mappings from  Ξ  into itself such that the following conditions are satisfied:
1. 
p Ξ S T Ξ ,   Q Ξ A B Ξ .
2. 
A B = B A , S T = T S ,   p B = B p , Q T = T Q .
3. 
Either  p   o r   A B  is continuous.
4. 
( p , A B )  is compatible of type  ( β )  and  ( Q , S T )  is semi-compatible.
5. 
There exists  λ 0 , 1  such that for every  ϖ , ω Ξ ,   α 0 , 2   a n d   τ > 0
M d p ϖ , Q ω , λ τ min { M d A B ϖ , Q ω , 2 α τ , M d A B ϖ , S T ω , τ , M d ( S T ω , Q ω , τ ) }  
N d p ϖ , Q ω , λ τ max N d A B ϖ , Q ω , 2 α τ , N d A B ϖ , S T ω , τ , N d S T ω , Q ω , τ
Then, the mappings  A B , S T , p   a n d   Q  have a unique common fixed point in X, and  A , B , p , Q , S   a n d   T  have a unique common fixed point in  Ξ .
Example 2
([18]). Let  ( Ξ , M d , N d , , )  be an intuitionistic fuzzy metric space, where the  Ξ = [ 0 , 2 ]  t-norm is defined by  a b = min a , b  , t-conorm is defined by  a b = max a , b  for all  a , b 0 ,   2 ,  and
M d ϖ , ω , τ = exp ϖ ω τ 1
and
N d ϖ , ω , τ = exp ϖ ω τ exp ϖ ω τ 1   f o r   a l l   ϖ , ω Ξ ,   τ > 0
Clearly, ( Ξ , M d , N d , , )  is an intuionistic fuzzy metric space.
Theorem 2
([21]). Let  ( Ξ , M d , N d , , )  be a complete intuionistic fuzzy metric space with continuous t-norm   and continuous t-conorm   defined by  τ τ τ  and  1 τ 1 τ ( 1 τ )  for all  τ 0 ,   1 .
Further, let ( A , S ) and ( B , T ) be pointwise R-weakly commuting pairs of self-mappings in a compatible pair ( A , S ) or ( B , T ) is continuous; then, A , B , S   a n d   T have a unique common fixed point.
Example 3.
Let  Ξ = [ 0 , )  and let  M d   a n d   N d  be defined by
M d ϖ , ω , τ = τ τ + ϖ ω
and
N d ϖ , ω , τ = ϖ ω τ + ϖ ω
Then,  ( Ξ , M d , N d , , )  is a complete intuitionistic fuzzy metric space. The t-norm is defined by  a b = min a , b , and the t-conorm is defined by  a b = max a , b  for all  a , b [ 0 , 2 ] .
Definition 5
([15]). A 6-tuple  Ξ , M , N , O   ,  is said to be an NMS if  Ξ    is an arbitrary set,   is a CTN,     is a CTCN, and  M , N , O  are NS on  Ξ 2 × 0 , , satisfying the following conditions:    ϖ , ω , σ Ξ ,   λ , τ > 0 ,
(NMS1) 
M ϖ , ω , τ + N ϖ , ω , τ + O ϖ , ω , τ 3 ;
(NMS2) 
M ϖ , ω , 0 = 0 ;
(NMS3) 
M ( ϖ , ω , τ ) = 1     τ > 0   ϖ = ω ;
(NMS4) 
M ϖ , ω , τ = M ω , ϖ , τ ;
(NMS5) 
M ϖ , ω , τ M ω , σ , λ M ϖ , σ , τ + λ     ϖ , ω , σ Ξ ,   λ , τ > 0 ;
(NMS6) 
M ϖ , ω ,   · : 0 , [ 0 , 1 ]  is left continuous;
(NMS7) 
lim τ M ϖ , ω , σ = 1       ϖ , ω Ξ ;
(NMS8) 
N ϖ , ω , 0 = 1 ;
(NMS9) 
N ( ϖ , ω , τ ) = 0     τ > 0   ϖ = ω ;
(NMS10) 
N ϖ , ω , τ = N ω , ϖ , τ ;
(NMS11) 
N ( ϖ , ω , τ ) N ( ω , σ , λ ) N ( ϖ , σ , τ + λ )     ϖ , ω , σ Ξ , λ , τ > 0 ;
(NMS12) 
N ϖ , ω ,   · : 0 , 0 , 1    is right continuous;
(NMS13) 
lim τ N ϖ , ω , τ = 0 ,     ϖ , ω Ξ ;
(NMS14) 
O ϖ , ω , 0 = 1 ;
(NMS15) 
O ( ϖ , ω , τ ) = 0     τ > 0   ϖ = ω ;
(NMS16) 
O ϖ , ω , τ = O ω , ϖ , τ ;
(NMS17) 
O ( ϖ , ω , τ ) O ( ω , σ , λ ) O ( ϖ , σ , τ + λ )     ϖ , ω , σ Ξ , λ , τ > 0 ;
(NMS18) 
O ϖ , ω ,   · : 0 , 0 , 1   is right continuous;
(NMS19) 
lim τ O ϖ , ω , τ = 0 ,     ϖ , ω Ξ .
Then,  M , N , O  is said to be a neutrosophic metric on    Ξ .
Definition 6
([15]). Let  ( Ξ , M , N , O , ,   )  be an NMS. Then:
(a) 
A sequence  ϖ n  in  Ξ  is said to a Cauchy sequence if for each  τ > 0  and  p > 0  ,
lim n M ϖ n + p , ϖ n , τ = 1 ,
lim n N ϖ n + p , ϖ n , τ = 0 ,
lim n O ϖ n + p , ϖ n , τ = 0 .
(b) 
A NMS is only called complete if every Cauchy sequence is convergent.

3. Main Results

In this section, we establish a common fp theorem for any even number of compatible mappings in a complete NMS.
Definition 7.
Let  A  and  B  represent mappings into an NMS    Ξ , M , N , O , ,    . The maps  A  and  B  are said to be compatible with type  α  if    τ > 0 ,
lim n M A B ϖ n ,   B B ϖ n , τ = 1 , lim n N A B ϖ n ,   B B ϖ n , τ = 0 , lim n O A B ϖ n ,   B B ϖ n , τ = 0 ,
and
  lim n M A B ϖ n , A A ϖ n , τ = 1 ,
lim n N A B ϖ n , A A ϖ n , τ = 0 ,
lim n O A B ϖ n , A A ϖ n , τ = 0 ,
whenever  ϖ n  is a sequence in  Ξ  such that  lim n A ϖ n = lim n B ϖ n = σ  for some  σ Ξ .
Lemma 1.
Let  ( Ξ , M , N , O , ,   )  be an NMS and  ω n  be a sequence in  Ξ . If   is a number  λ 0 , 1  s.t
M ω n + 1 , ω n + 2 , λ τ   M ω n , ω n + 1 , τ ,
N ω n + 1 , ω n + 2 , λ τ   N ω n , ω n + 1 , τ ,
O ω n + 1 , ω n + 2 , λ τ   O ω n , ω n + 1 , τ ,
  τ > 0  and  n N ,  then  ω n  is a Cauchy sequence in  Ξ .
Lemma 2.
Let  ( Ξ , M , N , O , ,   )  be an NMS and be    ϖ , ω Ξ , τ > 0 . If for a number  λ ( 0 , 1 )
M   ϖ , ω , λ τ M ϖ , ω , τ ,
N ϖ , ω , λ τ N ϖ , ω , τ ,
O ϖ , ω , λ τ O ϖ , ω , τ .
Lemma 3.
Let    Ξ , M , N , O , ,    be a NMS and    ϖ , ω Ξ ,   τ > 0 . If for a constant  λ ( 0 , 1 )
M ϖ , ω , λ τ M ϖ , ω , τ ,
N ϖ , ω , λ τ N ϖ , ω , τ ,
and
O ϖ , ω , λ τ O ϖ , ω , τ ,
then  ϖ = ω .
Definition 8.
Let  A  and  B  be two mappings from  Ξ  into itself. If the maps A and  B  commute at their coincidence points, the maps are said to be weakly compatible, i.e., if  A p = B p  are suitable for some  p Ξ   , then  A B p = B A p .
Definition 9.
A pair  ( f , g )  of self-mappings defined on an NMS  ( Ξ , M , N , O , , )  is said to satisfy the (CLRg) property if there is a sequence  { ϖ n }  of  Ξ  in which
lim n f ϖ n = lim n g ϖ n = g u ,
for some  u Ξ .
Theorem 3.
Let  ( Ξ , M , N , O , , )  be a NMS with  τ τ τ  and
1 τ 1 τ 1 τ , τ 0 , 1
Further, let the pair  ( f , g )  of self-mappings be weakly compatible, thus satisfying
M f ϖ , f ω , λ τ { M g ϖ , g ω , τ M f ϖ , g ϖ , τ M f ω , g ω , τ M f ϖ , g ω , τ M f ω , g ϖ , τ } ,
N f ϖ , f ω , λ τ { N g ϖ , g ω , τ N f ϖ , g ϖ , τ N f ω , g ω , τ N f ϖ , g ω , τ N f ω , g ϖ , τ } ,
and
O f ϖ , f ω , λ τ { O g ϖ , g ω , τ O f ϖ , g ϖ , τ O f ω , g ω , τ O f ϖ , g ω , τ O f ω , g ϖ , τ } .
ϖ , ω Ξ , λ 0 , 1  and  τ > 0 . If  f  and  g  fulfill the (CLRg) property, then  f  and  g  have a unique common fixed point in  Ξ .
Proof. 
Since the pair ( f , g ) fulfills the (CLRg) property, there is a sequence { ϖ n } in Ξ such that lim n f ϖ n = lim n g ϖ n = g u , for some u Ξ . Now, we emphasize that f u = g u . When utilizing Inequalities (1)–(3) with ϖ = ϖ n   ,   ω = u , we find that
M f ϖ n , f u , λ τ { M g ϖ n , g u , τ M f ϖ n , g ϖ n , τ M f u , g u , τ M f ϖ n , g u , τ M f u , g ϖ n , τ } ,
N f ϖ n , f u , λ τ { N g ϖ n , g u , τ N f ϖ n , g ϖ n , τ N f u , g u , τ N f ϖ n , g u , τ N f u , g ϖ n , τ } ,
and
O f ϖ n , f u , λ τ { O g ϖ n , g u , τ O f ϖ n , g ϖ n , τ O f u , g u , τ O f ϖ n , g u , τ O f u , g ϖ n , τ } .
It implies that
M f u , g u , λ τ 1 1 M f u , g u , τ 1 M f u , g ϖ n , τ = M f u , g u , τ ,
N f u , g u , λ τ 0 0 N f u , g u , τ 0 N f u , g u , τ = N f u , g u , τ ,
and
O f u , g u , λ τ 0 0 O f u , g u , τ 0 O f u , g u , τ = O f u , g u , τ .
By applying Lemma 3, we deduce that f u = g u . Now, consider z = f u = g u . Therefore, the pair ( f , g ) is weakly compatible, and we obtain f z = f g u = g f u = g z . Now, we examine that z is a common fixed point of the mappings f and g . Now, utilizing inequalities (1), (2), and ( 3 ) with ϖ = z , ω = u , we deduce that
M f z , f u , λ τ M g z , g u , τ M f z , g z , τ M f u , g u , τ M f z , g u , τ M f u , g z , τ ,
N f z , f u , λ τ N g z , g u , τ N f z , g z , τ N f u , g u , τ N f z , g u , τ N f u , g z , τ ,
and
O f z , f u , λ τ O g z , g u , τ O f z , g z , τ O f u , g u , τ O f z , g u , τ O f u , g z , τ .
It implies
M f z , z , λ τ M f z , z , τ 1 1 M f z , z , τ M ( z , f z , τ ) = M f z , z , τ ,
N f z , z , λ τ N f z , z , τ 0 0 N f z , z , τ N ( z , f z , τ ) = N f z , z , τ ,
and
O f z , z , λ τ O f z , z , τ 0 0 O f z , z , τ O z , f z , τ = O f z , z , τ .
By utilizing Lemma 3, we find that z = f z = g z , which shows that z is a common fixed point of the mappings f and g . To show the uniqueness, we suppose that w will be another common fixed point of the mappings f and g . When using inequalities (1), (2), and (3) with ϖ = z ,   ω = w , we have
M f z , f w , λ τ M g z , g w , τ M f z , g z , τ M f w , g w , τ M f z , g w , τ M f w , g z , τ ,
N f z , f w , λ τ N g z , g w , τ N f z , g z , τ N f w , g w , τ N f z , g w , τ N f w , g z , τ ,
and
O f z , f w , λ τ O g z , g w , τ O f z , g z , τ O f w , g w , τ O f z , g w , τ O f w , g z , τ ,
Or, equivalently,
M z , w , λ τ M z , w , τ M z , z , τ M w , w , τ M z , w , τ M w , z , τ = M z , w , τ ,
N z , w , λ τ N z , w , τ N z , z , τ N w , w , τ N z , w , τ N w , z , τ = N z , w , τ ,
and
O z , w , λ τ O z , w , τ O z , z , τ O w , w , τ O z , w , τ O w , z , τ = O z , w , τ .
Appealing to Lemma 3, we have z = w . Therefore, the mappings f and g have a unique common fixed point in Ξ .
Example 4.
Let  Ξ = [ 1 , 15 )  with metric  d  be defined by  d ϖ , ω = ϖ ω    and, thus, define
M ϖ , ω , τ = τ τ + ϖ ω ,   if   τ > 0 ,   0 ,   if   τ = 0 ,
N ϖ , ω , τ = ϖ ω τ + ϖ ω ,   if   τ > 0 , 1 ,   if   τ = 0 ,
O ϖ , ω , τ = ϖ ω τ ,   if   τ > 0 , 1 ,   if   τ = 0 ,
ϖ , ω Ξ .  Then,  ( Ξ , M , N , O ,   , )  is an IFM-space where,   and   are the continuous t-norm and continuous t-co-norm defined by  a b = min a , b   and  a b = max a , b , a , b 0 , 1 .   Now, we define the self-mappings  f  and  g  on  Ξ  by
f ϖ = 1 ,   if   ϖ 1 3 , 15 , 8 ,   if   ϖ 1 , 3 .
g ϖ = 1 ,   if   ϖ = 1 ; 7 ,      if   ϖ 1 , 3 ; ϖ + 1 4 ,   if   ϖ ( 3 , 15 )
Consider a sequence  ϖ n = 3 + 1 n n N  or  ϖ n = 1 .
Then, we have 
lim n f ϖ n = lim n g ϖ n = 1 = g 1 Ξ .
Hence, the pair  f , g  fulfill the (CLRs) property. It is clear that  f ϖ = 1 , 8 1 , 4 7 = g Ξ .  Here,  g ( Ξ )  is not a closed subsequence of  Ξ . That is, all the conditions of Theorem 3 are fulfilled for some  λ ( 0 , 1 ) , and  1  is a unique common fixed point of the mappings  f  and  g . Additionally, at their unique common fixed point, every mapping that is involved is discontinuous.
Proposition 1.
Let  Ξ , M , N , O , ,  be an NMS, and if self-mappings  A  and  B    are compatible, then they are weakly compatible.
Proof. 
We suppose A ϖ = B ϖ for some p in Ξ . Consider the constant sequence ϖ n = ϖ . Now, A ϖ n A p and B ϖ n B ϖ = A ϖ . As A and B are compatible, we have
lim n M A B ϖ n ,   B A ϖ n , τ = 1 ,
lim n N A B ϖ n ,   B A ϖ n , τ = 0 ,
lim n O A B ϖ n ,   B A ϖ n , τ = 0 ,
For all τ > 0 . Thus, A B ϖ = B A ϖ , and A , B is weakly compatible. □
Proposition 2.
Let  ( Ξ , M , N , O , , )  be a complete NMS with  τ τ τ  and  1 τ 1 τ 1 τ  for all  τ [ 0 , 1 ] , and let  A  and  B  be continuous mappings from  Ξ   into themselves. If  A  and  B  are compatible mappings of type   α , then they are compatible.
Theorem 4.
Let  ( Ξ , M , N , O , , )  be a complete NMS with  τ τ τ  and  1 τ 1 τ 1 τ  for all  τ 0 , 1 .  Let  ζ 1 , ζ 2 , , ζ 2 n , Q 0  and  Q 1  be mappings from  Ξ   into themselves that satisfy the following conditions:
(1) 
Q 0 Ξ ζ 1 ζ 3 ζ 2 n 1 Ξ ,   Q 1 Ξ ζ 2 ζ 4 ζ 2 n Ξ ;
(2) 
ζ 2 ζ 4 ζ 2 n = ζ 4 ζ 2 n ζ 2
ζ 2 ζ 4 ζ 6 ζ 2 n = ζ 6 ζ 2 n ζ 2 ζ 4 ζ 2 ζ 2 n 2 ζ 2 n = ζ 2 n ζ 2 ζ 2 n 2 , Q 0 ζ 4 ζ 2 n = ζ 4 ζ 2 n Q 0 , Q 0 ζ 6 ζ 2 n = ζ 6 ζ 2 n Q 0 Q 0 ζ 2 n = ζ 2 n Q 0 , ζ 1 ζ 3 ζ 2 n 1 = ζ 3 ζ 2 n 1 ζ 1 , ζ 1 ζ 3 ζ 5 ζ 2 n 1 = ζ 5 ζ 2 n 1 ζ 1 ζ 3 , ζ 1 ζ 2 n 3   ζ 2 n 1 = ζ 2 n 1 ζ 1 ζ 2 n 3 , Q 1 ζ 3 ζ 2 n 1 = ζ 3 ζ 2 n 1 Q 1 , Q 1 ζ 5 ζ 2 n 1 = ζ 5 ζ 2 n 1 Q 1 , Q 1 ζ 2 n 1 = ζ 2 n 1 Q 1 ;
(3) 
either  ζ 2 ζ 2 n  or  Q 0  is continuous;
(4) 
Q 0 ,   ζ 2 ζ 2 n  is compatible, and  ( Q 1 ,   ζ 1 ζ 2 n 1 )  is weakly compatible;
(5) 
  ϱ λ ( 0 , 1 )  such that
M Q 0 ϖ , Q 1 ω ,   λ τ M ζ 2 ζ 4 ζ 2 n ϖ , Q 0 ϖ , τ M ζ 1 ζ 3 ζ 2 n 1 ω , Q 1 ω , τ M ζ 1 ζ 3 ζ 2 n 1 ω ,   Q 0 ϖ ,   β τ ; M ζ 2 ζ 4 ζ 2 n ϖ ,   Q 1 ω , 2 β τ M ζ 2 ζ 4 ζ 2 n ϖ ,   ζ 1 ζ 3 ζ 2 n 1 ω , τ ; N Q 0 ϖ , Q 1 ω , λ τ N ζ 2 ζ 4 ζ 2 n ϖ ,   Q 0 ϖ , τ N ζ 1 ζ 3 ζ 2 n 1 ω , Q 1 ω , τ N ζ 1 ζ 3 ζ 2 n 1 ω ,   Q 0 ϖ ,   β τ ; N ζ 2 ζ 4 ζ 2 n ϖ ,   Q 1 ω , 2 β τ   N ζ 2 ζ 4 ζ 2 n ϖ ,   ζ 1 ζ 3 ζ 2 n 1 ω , τ .
and
O ( Q 0 ϖ , Q 1 ω , λ τ ) O ( ζ 2 ζ 4 ζ 2 n ϖ ,   Q 0 ϖ , τ ) O ( ζ 1 ζ 3 ζ 2 n 1 ω , Q 1 ω , τ ) O ζ 1 ζ 3 ζ 2 n 1 ω ,   Q 0 ϖ ,   β τ O ζ 2 ζ 4 ζ 2 n ϖ ,   Q 1 ω , 2 β τ   O ζ 2 ζ 4 ζ 2 n ϖ ,   ζ 1 ζ 3 ζ 2 n 1 ω , τ ;
for all  ϖ , ω Ξ , β 0 , 2  and   τ > 0 . Then,  ζ 1 , ζ 2 ζ 2 n , Q 0    and  Q 1  have a unique CFP in  Ξ .
Proof. 
Let ϖ 0 be a random point in Ξ   from the condition (1)   ϖ 1 ,   ϖ 2 Ξ , s.t
Q 0 ϖ 0 = ζ 1 ζ 3 ζ 2 n 1 ϖ 1 = ω 0 Q 1 ϖ 1 = ζ 2 ζ 4 ζ 2 n ϖ 2 = ω 1 .
Using induction, we find a sequence ϖ n and ω n in Ξ
Q 0 ϖ 2 λ = ζ 1 ζ 3 ζ 2 n 1 ϖ 2 λ + 1 = ω 2 λ Q 1 ϖ 2 λ + 1 = ζ 2 ζ 4 ζ 2 n ϖ 2 λ + 2 = ω 2 λ + 1  
for λ = 0 , 1 , , etc., based on the condition (5) for all τ > 0   and β = 1 q with q 0 , 1 , we have
M ω 2 λ ,   ω 2 λ + 1 ,   λ τ = M Q 0 ϖ 2 λ ,   Q 1 ϖ 2 λ + 1 , λ τ M ζ 2 ζ 4 ζ 2 n ϖ 2 λ ,   Q 0 ϖ 2 λ , τ ; M ζ 1 ζ 3 ζ 2 n 1 ϖ 2 λ + 1 ,   Q 1 ϖ 2 λ , τ M ζ 1 ζ 3 ζ 2 n 1 ϖ 2 λ + 1 ,   Q 0 ϖ 2 λ , β τ ; M ζ 2 ζ 4 ζ 2 n ϖ 2 λ ,   Q 1 ϖ 2 λ + 1 , 2 β τ M ζ 2 ζ 4 ζ 2 n ϖ 2 λ ,   ζ 1 , ζ 3 ζ 2 n 1   ϖ 2 λ + 1 , τ ; = M ω 2 λ 1 , ω 2 λ , τ M ω 2 λ ,   ω 2 λ + 1 , τ M ω 2 λ ,   ω 2 λ ,   1 q τ ; M ω 2 λ 1 ,   ω 2 λ + 1 , 1 + q τ M ω 2 λ 1 , ω 2 λ , τ ; M ω 2 λ 1 ,   ω 2 λ , τ M ω 2 λ , ω 2 λ + 1   , τ   1 M ω 2 λ 1 , ω 2 λ , τ   ; M ω 2 λ ,   ω 2 λ + 1 , q τ M ω 2 λ 1 , ω 2 λ , τ ; M ω 2 λ 1 , ω 2 λ ,   τ M ω 2 λ ,   ω 2 λ + 1 , τ M ω 2 λ ,   ω 2 λ + 1 , q τ ; N ω 2 λ , ω 2 λ + 1 ,   λ τ = N Q 0 ϖ 2 λ ,   Q 1 ϖ 2 λ + 1 ,   λ τ N ζ 2 ζ 4 ζ 2 n ϖ 2 λ ,   Q 0 ϖ 2 λ , τ   ; N ζ 1 ζ 3 ζ 2 n 1 ϖ 2 λ + 1   , Q 1 ϖ 2 λ + 1 , τ ; N ζ 1 ζ 3 ζ 2 n 1 ϖ 2 λ + 1 ,   Q 0 ϖ 2 λ ,   β τ ; N ζ 2 ζ 4 ζ 2 n ϖ 2 λ ,   Q 1 ϖ 2 λ + 1 , 2 β τ ; N ζ 2 ζ 4 p 2 n ϖ 2 λ ,   ζ 1 , ζ 3 ζ 2 n 1 ϖ 2 λ + 1 , τ ; = N ω 2 λ 1 ,   ω 2 λ ,   τ   N ω 2 λ ,   ω 2 λ + 1 , τ N ω 2 λ ,   ω 2 λ ,   1 q τ ; N ω 2 λ 1 ,   ω 2 λ + 1 ,   1 + q τ N ω 2 λ 1 ,   ω 2 λ , τ ; N ω 2 λ 1 , ω 2 λ , τ N ω 2 λ ,   ω 2 λ + 1 , τ 0 N ω 2 λ 1 ,   ω 2 λ , τ ; N ( ω 2 λ ,   ω 2 λ + 1 , q τ ) N ( ω 2 λ 1 , ω 2 λ , τ ) ; N ω 2 λ 1 ,   ω 2 λ , τ N ω 2 λ , ω 2 λ + 1 , τ N ω 2 λ , ω 2 λ + 1 , q τ .
and
O ω 2 λ , ω 2 λ + 1 ,   λ τ = O Q 0 ϖ 2 λ ,   Q 1 ϖ 2 λ + 1 ,   λ τ O ζ 2 ζ 4 ζ 2 n ϖ 2 λ ,   Q 0 ϖ 2 λ , τ   ; O ζ 1 ζ 3 ζ 2 n 1 ϖ 2 λ + 1   , Q 1 ϖ 2 λ + 1 , τ O ζ 1 ζ 3 ζ 2 n 1 ϖ 2 λ + 1 ,   Q 0 ϖ 2 λ ,   β τ ; O ζ 2 ζ 4 ζ 2 n ϖ 2 λ ,   Q 1 ϖ 2 λ + 1 , 2 β τ O ζ 2 ζ 4 p 2 n ϖ 2 λ ,   ζ 1 , ζ 3 ζ 2 n 1 ϖ 2 λ + 1 , τ ;                                    = O ω 2 λ 1 ,   ω 2 λ ,   τ   O ω 2 λ ,   ω 2 λ + 1 , τ O ω 2 λ ,   ω 2 λ ,   1 q τ O ω 2 λ 1 ,   ω 2 λ + 1 ,   1 + q τ O ω 2 λ 1 ,   ω 2 λ , τ                                    O ω 2 λ 1 , ω 2 λ , τ O ω 2 λ ,   ω 2 λ + 1 , τ 0 O ω 2 λ 1 ,   ω 2 λ , τ ;                                    O ( ω 2 λ ,   ω 2 λ + 1 , q τ ) O ( ω 2 λ 1 , ω 2 λ , τ ) ;                                    O ω 2 λ 1 ,   ω 2 λ , τ O ω 2 λ , ω 2 λ + 1 , τ O ω 2 λ , ω 2 λ + 1 , q τ .
Thus, it follows that
M ω 2 λ , ω 2 λ + 1 , λ τ M ω 2 λ 1 , ω 2 λ , τ M ω 2 λ ,   ω 2 λ + 1 , τ ; M ω 2 λ ,   ω 2 λ + 1 , q τ , N ω 2 λ , ω 2 λ + 1 , λ τ ; N ω 2 λ 1 , ω 2 λ , τ N ω 2 λ ,   ω 2 λ + 1 , τ ; N ω 2 λ ,   ω 2 λ + 1 , q τ , O ω 2 λ , ω 2 λ + 1 , λ τ ; O ω 2 λ 1 , ω 2 λ , τ O ω 2 λ ,   ω 2 λ + 1 , τ O ω 2 λ ,   ω 2 λ + 1 , q τ .
For CTN , C T C N   , M ( ϖ , ω ,   · ) , and N ( ϖ , ω ,   · ) both the left and the right are continuous. Given q 1 ,   we have
M ω 2 λ ,   ω 2 λ + 1 , λ τ M ω 2 λ 1 , ω 2 λ , τ M ω 2 λ ,   ω 2 λ + 1 , τ , N ω 2 λ ,   ω 2 λ + 1 ,   λ τ ; N ω 2 λ 1 , ω 2 λ , τ N ω 2 λ , ω 2 λ + 1 , τ , O ω 2 λ ,   ω 2 λ + 1 ,   λ τ ; O ω 2 λ 1 , ω 2 λ , τ O ω 2 λ , ω 2 λ + 1 , τ .
Similarly, we have
M ω 2 λ + 1 , ω 2 λ + 2 , λ τ M ω 2 λ , ω 2 λ + 1 , τ M ω 2 λ + 1 , ω 2 λ + 2 , τ , N ω 2 λ + 1 , ω 2 λ + 2 , λ τ ; N ω 2 λ , ω 2 λ + 1 , τ N ω 2 λ + 1 , ω 2 λ + 2 , τ , O ω 2 λ + 1 , ω 2 λ + 2 , λ τ ; O ω 2 λ , ω 2 λ + 1 , τ O ω 2 λ + 1 , ω 2 λ + 2 , τ .
In general, for m = 1 , 2 , , w e   h a v e
M ω m + 1 , ω m + 2 , λ τ M ω m , ω m + 1 , τ M ω m + 1 , ω m + 2 , τ ; N ω m + 1 , ω m + 2 , λ τ N ω m , ω m + 1 , τ N ω m + 1 , ω m + 2 , τ ; O ω m + 1 , ω m + 2 , λ τ O ω m , ω m + 1 , τ O ω m + 1 , ω m + 2 , τ .
Therefore,
M ω m + 1 , ω m + 2 , λ τ M ω m , ω m + 1 , τ M ω m + 1 , ω m + 2 , τ / λ p ; N ω m + 1 , ω m + 2 , λ τ N ω m , ω m + 1 , τ N ω m + 1 , ω m + 2 , τ / λ p , O ω m + 1 , ω m + 2 , λ τ ; O ω m , ω m + 1 , τ O ω m + 1 , ω m + 2 , τ / λ p .
Noting that M ω m + 1 , ω m + 2 , τ / λ p 1 , N ω m + 1 , ω m + 2 , τ / λ p 0 , and O ω m + 1 , ω m + 2 , τ / λ p 0 as p , we have, for m = 1 , 2 , ,
M ω m + 1 , ω m + 2 , λ τ M ω m , ω m + 1 , τ , N ω m + 1 , ω m + 2 , λ τ N ω m , ω m + 1 , τ , O ω m + 1 , ω m + 2 , λ τ O ω m , ω m + 1 , τ .
Based on Lemma 1, { ω m } is a Cauchy sequence in Ξ . Since   Ξ is complete, { ω m } converges to the point σ Ξ . Also, we have its consequences as follows:
Q 1 ϖ 2 λ + 1 σ   a n d   ζ 1 ζ 3 ζ 2 n 1 ϖ 2 λ + 1 σ ; Q 0 ϖ 2 λ σ a n d   ζ 2 ζ 4 ζ 2 n ϖ 2 λ σ .
Case 1.
ζ 2 ζ 4   ζ 2 n    is continuous. Define    ζ 1 = ζ 2 ζ 4   ζ 2 n .   ζ 1  is continuous,  ζ 1 ° ζ 1 ϖ 2 λ ζ 1 σ  and  ζ 1 Q 0 ϖ 2 λ ζ 1 σ .  Also, as  Q 0 , ζ 1  is compatible, this implies that  Q 0 ζ 1 ϖ 2 λ ζ 1 σ .
(a) 
Putting  ϖ = ζ 2 ζ 4   ζ 2 n ϖ 2 λ = ζ 1 ϖ 2 λ ,   ω = ϖ 2 λ + 1 ,  and  ζ 2 = ζ 1 ζ 3 ζ 2 n 1  with  β = 1  in condition (5), we have
M Q 0 ζ 1 ϖ 2 λ , Q 1 ϖ 2 λ + 1 , λ τ M ζ 1 ζ 1 ϖ 2 λ , Q 0 ζ 1 ϖ 2 λ , τ M ( ζ 2 ϖ 2 λ + 1 , Q 1 ϖ 2 λ + 1 , τ ) M ζ 2 ϖ 2 λ + 1 , Q 0 ζ 1 ϖ 2 λ , τ M ζ 1 ζ 1 ϖ 2 λ , Q 1 ϖ 2 λ + 1 , τ M ζ 1 ζ 1 ϖ 2 λ , ζ 2 ϖ 2 λ + 1 , τ , N Q 0 ζ 1 ϖ 2 λ , Q 1 ϖ 2 λ + 1 , λ τ N ζ 1 ζ 1 ϖ 2 λ , Q 0 ζ 1 ϖ 2 λ , τ N ζ 2 ϖ 2 λ + 1 , Q 1 ϖ 2 λ + 1 , τ N ζ 2 ϖ 2 λ + 1 ,   Q 0 ζ 1 ϖ 2 λ , τ N ζ 1 ζ 1 ϖ 2 λ ,   Q 1 ϖ 2 λ + 1 , τ N ζ 1 ζ 1 ϖ 2 λ , ζ 2 ϖ 2 λ + 1 , τ , O Q 0 ζ 1 ϖ 2 λ , Q 1 ϖ 2 λ + 1 , λ τ O ζ 1 ζ 1 ϖ 2 λ , Q 0 ζ 1 ϖ 2 λ , τ O ζ 2 ϖ 2 λ + 1 , Q 1 ϖ 2 λ + 1 , τ O ζ 2 ϖ 2 λ + 1 ,   Q 0 ζ 1 ϖ 2 λ , τ O ζ 1 ζ 1 ϖ 2 λ ,   Q 1 ϖ 2 λ + 1 , τ O ζ 1 ζ 1 ϖ 2 λ , ζ 2 ϖ 2 λ + 1 , τ .
Which implies that as  λ
M ζ 1 σ , σ , λ τ 1 1 M σ , ζ 1 σ , τ M ζ 1 σ , σ , τ M ζ 1 σ , σ , τ ; M ζ 1 σ , σ , τ , N ζ 1 σ , σ , λ τ ; 0 0 N σ , ζ 1 σ , τ N ζ 1 σ , σ , τ N ζ 1 σ , σ , τ ; N ζ 1 σ , σ , τ , O ζ 1 σ , σ , λ τ ; 0 0 O σ , ζ 1 σ , τ O ζ 1 σ , σ , τ O ζ 1 σ , σ , τ ; O ζ 1 σ , σ , τ .
Therefore, based on Lemma 2, we have  ζ 1 σ = σ , i.e.,  ζ 2 ζ 4 ζ 2 n σ = σ .
(b) 
If  ϖ = σ , ω = ϖ 2 λ + 1 ,   ζ 1 = ζ 2 ζ 4 ζ 2 n ,  and  ζ 2 = ζ 1 ζ 3 ζ 2 n 1 . With  β = 1  in condition (5), we have
M Q 0 Z , Q 1 ϖ 2 λ + 1 , λ τ M ζ 1 σ , Q 0 σ , τ M ζ 2 ϖ 2 λ + 1 , Q 1 ϖ 2 λ + 1 , τ M ζ 2 ϖ 2 λ + 1 , Q 0 σ , τ M ζ 1 σ , Q 1 ϖ 2 λ + 1 , τ M ζ 1 σ , ζ 2 ϖ 2 λ + 1 , τ ; N ( Q 0 σ , Q 1 ϖ 2 λ + 1 , λ τ )   N ζ 1 σ , Q 0 σ , τ N ζ 2 ϖ 2 λ + 1 , Q 1 ϖ 2 λ + 1 , τ N ζ 2 ϖ 2 λ + 1 , Q 0 σ , τ N ζ 1 σ , Q 1 ϖ 2 λ + 1 , τ N ζ 1 σ , ζ 2 ϖ 2 λ + 1 , τ ; O ( Q 0 σ , Q 1 ϖ 2 λ + 1 , λ τ )   O ζ 1 σ , Q 0 σ , τ O ζ 2 ϖ 2 λ + 1 , Q 1 ϖ 2 λ + 1 , τ O ζ 2 ϖ 2 λ + 1 , Q 0 σ , τ O ζ 1 σ , Q 1 ϖ 2 λ + 1 , τ O ζ 1 σ , ζ 2 ϖ 2 λ + 1 , τ .
Which implies that as  λ
M Q 0 σ , σ , λ τ M σ , Q 0   σ , τ 1 M σ , Q 0 σ , τ 1 1 M Q 0 σ , σ , τ , N Q 0 σ , σ , λ τ ; N σ , Q 0   σ , τ 1 N σ , Q 0 σ , τ 1 1 N Q 0 σ , σ , τ , O Q 0 σ , σ , λ τ ; O σ , Q 0   σ , τ 1 O σ , Q 0 σ , τ 1 1 O Q 0 σ , σ , τ .
Therefore, based on Lemma 2, we have  Q 0 σ = σ .  Hence,  Q 0 σ = ζ 2 ζ 4 ζ 2 n σ = σ .
(c) 
If  ϖ = ζ 4 ζ 6 ζ 2 n σ ,   ω = ϖ 2 λ + 1   ,   ζ 1 = ζ 2 ζ 4 ζ 2 n , and  ζ 2 = ζ 1 ζ 3 ζ 2 n 1 ,  with  β = 1  in condition (5). Using the conditions  ζ 2 ζ 4 ζ 2 n = ζ 4 ζ 2 n ζ 2 ,   a n d   Q 0 ζ 4   ζ 2 n = ζ 4 ζ 2 n Q 0   in condition (2), we have
M Q 0 ζ 4 ζ 6 ζ 2 n σ , Q 1 ϖ 2 λ + 1 , λ τ M ζ 1 ζ 4 ζ 6 ζ 2 n σ ,   Q 0 ζ 4 ζ 6 ζ 2 n σ , τ M ζ 2 ϖ 2 λ + 1 , Q 1 ϖ 2 λ + 1 , τ M ζ 2 ϖ 2 λ + 1 , Q 0 ζ 4 ζ 6 ζ 2 n σ , τ M ζ 1 ζ 4 ζ 6 ζ 2 n σ ,   Q 1 ϖ 2 λ + 1 , τ M ζ 1 ζ 4 ζ 6 ζ 2 n σ , ζ 2 ϖ 2 λ + 1 , τ , N Q 0 ζ 4 ζ 6 ζ 2 n σ , Q 1 ϖ 2 λ + 1 , λ τ ; N ζ 1 ζ 4 ζ 6 ζ 2 n σ , Q 0 ζ 4 ζ 6 ζ 2 n σ , τ N ζ 2 ϖ 2 λ + 1 , Q 1 ϖ 2 λ + 1 , τ N ζ 2 ϖ 2 λ + 1 , Q 0 ζ 4 ζ 6 ζ 2 n σ , τ N ζ 1 ζ 4 ζ 6 ζ 2 n σ , Q 1 ϖ 2 λ + 1 , τ N ζ 1 ζ 4 ζ 6 ζ 2 n σ , ζ 2 ϖ 2 λ + 1 , τ , O Q 0 ζ 4 ζ 6 ζ 2 n σ , Q 1 ϖ 2 λ + 1 , λ τ ; O ζ 1 ζ 4 ζ 6 ζ 2 n σ , Q 0 ζ 4 ζ 6 ζ 2 n σ , τ O ζ 2 ϖ 2 λ + 1 , Q 1 ϖ 2 λ + 1 , τ O ζ 2 ϖ 2 λ + 1 , Q 0 ζ 4 ζ 6 ζ 2 n σ , τ O ζ 1 ζ 4 ζ 6 ζ 2 n σ , Q 1 ϖ 2 λ + 1 , τ O ζ 1 ζ 4 ζ 6 ζ 2 n σ , ζ 2 ϖ 2 λ + 1 , τ .
Which implies that as  λ
M ζ 4 ζ 6 ζ 2 n σ , σ , λ τ 1 1 M σ , ζ 4 ζ 6 ζ 2 n σ , τ M ζ 4 ζ 6 ζ 2 n σ , σ , τ M ζ 4 ζ 6 ζ 2 n σ , σ , τ ; M ζ 4 ζ 6 ζ 2 n σ , σ , τ , N ζ 4 ζ 6 ζ 2 n σ , σ , λ τ 0 0 N σ , ζ 4 ζ 6 ζ 2 n σ , τ N ζ 4 ζ 6 ζ 2 n σ , σ , τ N ζ 4 ζ 6 ζ 2 n σ , σ , τ ; N ζ 4 ζ 6 ζ 2 n σ , σ , τ , O ζ 4 ζ 6 ζ 2 n σ , σ , λ τ 0 0 O σ , ζ 4 ζ 6 ζ 2 n σ , τ O ζ 4 ζ 6 ζ 2 n σ , σ , τ O ζ 4 ζ 6 ζ 2 n σ , σ , τ O ζ 4 ζ 6 ζ 2 n σ , σ , τ .
Therefore, based on Lemma 2, we have  ζ 4 ζ 6 ζ 2 n σ = σ .  Then,   ζ 2 ζ 4 ζ 6 ζ 2 n σ ,   σ = ζ 2 σ , and  ζ 2 σ = ζ 2 ζ 4 ζ 6 ζ 2 n σ = σ .  Continuing this procedure, we obtain
Q 0 σ = ζ 2 σ = ζ 4 σ = = ζ 2 n σ = σ .
(d) 
As  Q 0 Ξ ζ 1 ζ 3 ζ 2 n 1 Ξ ,   there is  ω Ξ  such that  σ = Q 0 σ = ζ 1 ζ 3 ζ 2 n 1 ω .  If  ϖ = ϖ 2 λ , ζ 1 = ζ 2 ζ 4 ζ 2 n ,  and  ζ 2 = ζ 1 ζ 3 ζ 2 n 1 ,  with the  β = 1    in condition (5), we have
M Q 0 ϖ 2 λ , Q 1 ω , λ τ M ζ 1 ϖ 2 λ , Q 0 ϖ 2 λ , τ M ζ 2 ω , Q 1 ω , τ M ζ 2 ω , Q 0 ϖ 2 λ , τ M ζ 1 ϖ 2 λ , Q 1 ω , τ M ζ 1 ϖ 2 λ , ζ 2 ω , τ ; N Q 0 ϖ 2 λ , Q 1 ω , λ τ N ζ 1 ϖ 2 λ , Q 0 ϖ 2 λ , τ N ζ 2 ω , Q 1 ω , τ N ζ 2 ω , Q 0 ϖ 2 λ , τ N ζ 1 ϖ 2 λ , Q 1 ω , τ N ζ 1 ϖ 2 λ , ζ 2 ω , τ ; O Q 0 ϖ 2 λ , Q 1 ω , λ τ O ζ 1 ϖ 2 λ , Q 0 ϖ 2 λ , τ O ζ 2 ω , Q 1 ω , τ O ζ 2 ω , Q 0 ϖ 2 λ , τ O ζ 1 ϖ 2 λ , Q 1 ω , τ O ζ 1 ϖ 2 λ , ζ 2 ω , τ .
Which implies that as  λ ,
M σ , Q 1 ω ,   λ τ 1 M σ , Q 1 ω , τ 1 M σ , Q 1 ω , τ 1 ; M σ , Q 1 ω , τ , N σ , Q 1 ω ,   λ τ ; 0 N σ , Q 1 ω , τ 0 N σ , Q 1 ω , τ 0 ; N σ , Q 1 ω , τ , O σ , Q 1 ω ,   λ τ ; 0 O σ , Q 1 ω , τ 0 O σ , Q 1 ω , τ 0 O σ , Q 1 ω , τ .
Therefore, based on Lemma 2, we have  Q 1 ω = σ .  Hence,  ζ 1 ζ 3 ζ 2 n 1 ω = Q 1 ω = σ .  As  ( Q 1 , ζ 1 ζ 3 ζ 2 n 1 )  is weakly compatible, we have  ζ 1 ζ 3 ζ 2 n 1 Q 1 ω = Q 1 ζ 1 ζ 3 ζ 2 n 1 ω .  Thus,  ζ 1 ζ 3 ζ 2 n 1 σ = Q 1 σ .
(e) 
If  ϖ = ϖ 2 λ ,   ω = σ ,   ζ 1 = ζ 2 ζ 4 ζ 2 n ,  and  ζ 2 = ζ 1 ζ 3 ζ 2 n 1  are with  β = 1  in condition (5), we have
M Q 0 ϖ 2 λ , Q 1 σ , λ τ M ζ 1 ϖ 2 λ , Q 0 ϖ 2 λ , τ M ζ 2 σ , Q 1 σ , τ M ζ 2 σ , Q 0 ϖ 2 λ , τ M ζ 1 ϖ 2 λ , Q 1 σ , τ M ζ 1 ϖ 2 λ , ζ 2 σ , τ ; N Q 0 ϖ 2 λ , Q 1 σ , λ τ N ζ 1 ϖ 2 λ , Q 0 ϖ 2 λ , τ N ζ 2 σ , Q 1 σ , τ N ζ 2 σ , Q 0 ϖ 2 λ , τ N ζ 1 ϖ 2 λ , Q 1 σ , τ N ζ 1 ϖ 2 λ , ζ 2 σ , τ ; O Q 0 ϖ 2 λ , Q 1 σ , λ τ O ζ 1 ϖ 2 λ , Q 0 ϖ 2 λ , τ O ζ 2 σ , Q 1 σ , τ O ζ 2 σ , Q 0 ϖ 2 λ , τ O ζ 1 ϖ 2 λ , Q 1 σ , τ O ζ 1 ϖ 2 λ , ζ 2 σ , τ .
Which implies that as  λ
M σ , Q 1 σ , λ τ 1 M σ , Q 1 σ , τ 1 M σ , Q 1 σ , τ 1 ; M σ , Q 1 σ , τ , N σ , Q 1 σ , λ τ ; 0 N σ , Q 1 σ , τ 0 N σ , Q 1 σ , τ 0 ; N σ , Q 1 σ , τ , O σ , Q 1 σ , λ τ ; 0 O σ , Q 1 σ , τ 0 O σ , Q 1 σ , τ 0 O σ , Q 1 σ , τ .
Therefore, based on Lemma 2, we have  Q 1 σ = σ .  Hence,  ζ 1 ζ 3 ζ 2 n 1 σ = Q 1 σ = σ .
(f) 
If  ϖ = ϖ 2 λ , ω = ζ 3 ζ 2 n 1 σ ,   ζ 1 = ζ 2 ζ 4 ζ 2 n ,   and  ζ 2 = ζ 1 ζ 3  are With  β = 1  in condition (5), we have
M Q 0 ϖ 2 λ , Q 1 ζ 3 ζ 2 n 1 σ , λ τ M ζ 1 ϖ 2 λ , Q 0 ϖ 2 λ , τ M ζ 2 ζ 3 ζ 2 n 1 σ , Q 1 ζ 3 ζ 2 n 1 σ , τ M ζ 2 ζ 3 ζ 2 n 1 σ , Q 0 ϖ 2 λ , τ M ζ 1 ϖ 2 λ , Q 1 ζ 3 ζ 2 n 1 σ , τ M ζ 1 ϖ 2 λ , ζ 2 ζ 3 ζ 2 n 1 σ , τ ; N Q 0 ϖ 2 λ , Q 1 ζ 3 ζ 2 n 1 σ , λ τ N ζ 1 ϖ 2 λ , Q 0 ϖ 2 λ , τ N ζ 2 ζ 3 ζ 2 n 1 σ , Q 1 ζ 3 ζ 2 n 1 σ , τ N ζ 2 ζ 3 ζ 2 n 1 σ , Q 0 ϖ 2 λ , τ N ζ 1 ϖ 2 λ , Q 1 ζ 3 ζ 2 n 1 σ , τ N ζ 1 ϖ 2 λ , ζ 2 ζ 3 ζ 2 n 1 σ , τ ; O Q 0 ϖ 2 λ , Q 1 ζ 3 ζ 2 n 1 σ , λ τ O ζ 1 ϖ 2 λ , Q 0 ϖ 2 λ , τ O ζ 2 ζ 3 ζ 2 n 1 σ , Q 1 ζ 3 ζ 2 n 1 σ , τ O ζ 2 ζ 3 ζ 2 n 1 σ , Q 0 ϖ 2 λ , τ O ζ 1 ϖ 2 λ , Q 1 ζ 3 ζ 2 n 1 σ , τ O ζ 1 ϖ 2 λ , ζ 2 ζ 3 ζ 2 n 1 σ , τ .
Which implies that as  λ
M ( σ , ζ 3 ζ 2 n 1 σ , λ τ ) 1 1 M ζ 3 ζ 2 n 1 σ , σ , τ M σ , ζ 3 ζ 2 n 1 σ , τ M σ , ζ 3 ζ 2 n 1 σ , τ M σ , ζ 3 ζ 2 n 1 σ , τ ; N ( σ , ζ 3 ζ 2 n 1 σ , λ τ ) 0 0 N ζ 3 ζ 2 n 1 σ , σ , τ N σ , ζ 3 ζ 2 n 1 σ , τ N σ , ζ 3 ζ 2 n 1 σ , τ N σ , ζ 3 ζ 2 n 1 σ , τ ; O ( σ , ζ 3 ζ 2 n 1 σ , λ τ ) 0 0 O ζ 3 ζ 2 n 1 σ , σ , τ O σ , ζ 3 ζ 2 n 1 σ , τ O σ , ζ 3 ζ 2 n 1 σ , τ O σ , ζ 3 ζ 2 n 1 σ , τ .
Therefore, based on Lemma 2, we have    ζ 3 ζ 2 n 1 σ = σ .  Hence,    ζ 1 σ = σ . Continuing this procedure, we have
Q 1 σ = ζ 1 σ = ζ 3 σ = = ζ 2 n 1 σ .
Thus, we have
Q 0 σ = Q 1 σ = ζ 1 σ = ζ 2 σ = ζ 3 σ = = ζ 2 n 1 σ = ζ 2 n σ = σ .
Case 2.
Q 0  is continuous. Since  Q 0  is continuous,  Q 0 2 ϖ 2 λ Q 0 σ  and  Q 0 ζ 2 ζ 4 ζ 2 n ϖ 2 λ Q 0 σ .  As  Q 0 ,   ζ 2 ζ 4 ζ 2 n  is compatible, we have  ζ 2 ζ 4 ζ 2 n Q 0 ϖ 2 λ Q 0 σ .
(g) 
If  ϖ = Q 0 ϖ 2 λ ,   ω = ϖ 2 λ + 1 ,   ζ 1 = ζ 2 ζ 4   ζ 2 n ,   and  ζ 2 = ζ 1 ζ 3   ζ 2 n 1  are with  β = 1   in condition (5), we have
M ( Q 0 Q 0 ϖ 2 λ ,   Q 1 ϖ 2 λ + 1 , λ τ ) M ζ 1 Q 0 ϖ 2 λ ,   Q 0 Q 0 ϖ 2 λ , τ ζ 2 ϖ 2 λ + 1 ,   Q 1 ϖ 2 λ + 1 , τ M ζ 2 ϖ 2 λ + 1 , Q 0 Q 0 ϖ 2 λ , τ M ζ 1 Q 0 ϖ 2 λ , Q 1 ϖ 2 λ + 1 , τ M ζ 1 Q 0 ϖ 2 λ , ζ 2 ϖ 2 λ + 1 , τ . N ( Q 0 Q 0 ϖ 2 λ ,   Q 1 ϖ 2 λ + 1 , λ τ ) N ζ 1 Q 0 ϖ 2 λ ,   Q 0 Q 0 ϖ 2 λ , τ N ζ 2 ϖ 2 λ + 1 ,   Q 1 ϖ 2 λ + 1 , τ N ζ 2 ϖ 2 λ + 1 , Q 0 Q 0 ϖ 2 λ , τ N ζ 1 Q 0 ϖ 2 λ , Q 1 ϖ 2 λ + 1 , τ N ζ 1 Q 0 ϖ 2 λ , ζ 2 ϖ 2 λ + 1 , τ , O Q 0 Q 0 ϖ 2 λ ,   Q 1 ϖ 2 λ + 1 , λ τ ; O ζ 1 Q 0 ϖ 2 λ ,   Q 0 Q 0 ϖ 2 λ , τ O ζ 2 ϖ 2 λ + 1 ,   Q 1 ϖ 2 λ + 1 , τ O ζ 2 ϖ 2 λ + 1 , Q 0 Q 0 ϖ 2 λ , τ O ζ 1 Q 0 ϖ 2 λ , Q 1 ϖ 2 λ + 1 , τ O ζ 1 Q 0 ϖ 2 λ , ζ 2 ϖ 2 λ + 1 , τ .
Which implies that as  λ
M Q 0 σ , σ , λ τ 1 1 M σ , Q 0 σ , τ M Q 0 σ , σ , τ M Q 0 σ , σ , τ M Q 0 σ , σ , τ , N Q 0 σ , σ , λ τ ; 0 0 N σ , Q 0 σ , τ N Q 0 σ , σ , τ N Q 0 σ , σ , τ N Q 0 σ , σ , τ , O Q 0 σ , σ , λ τ ; 0 0 O σ , Q 0 σ , τ O Q 0 σ , σ , τ O Q 0 σ , σ , τ O Q 0 σ , σ , τ .
Therefore, based on Lemma 2, we have  Q 0 σ = σ .  As a result, using steps (d), (e), and (f) while continuing with step (f) provides us with the following information: (f) using steps (d), (e), and (f) now, carry on to step (f)
Q 1 σ = ζ 1 σ = ζ 3 σ = = ζ 2 n 1 σ = σ .
(h) 
As  Q 1 Ξ ζ 2 ζ 4 ζ 2 n Ξ ,  there is  ω Ξ  such that  σ = Q 1 σ = ζ 2 ζ 4 ζ 2 n ω . If  ϖ = ω , ω = ϖ 2 λ + 1 ,   ζ 1 = ζ 2 ζ 4 ζ 2 n ,   and  ζ 2 = ζ 1 ζ 3 ζ 2 n 1  are with  β = 1  in condition (5), we have
M Q 0 ω , Q 1 ϖ 2 λ + 1 , λ τ M ζ 1 ω ,   Q 0 ω , τ M ζ 2 ϖ 2 λ + 1 , Q 1 ϖ 2 λ + 1 , τ M ζ 2 ϖ 2 λ + 1 , Q 0 ω , τ M ζ 1 ω , Q 1 ϖ 2 λ + 1 , τ M ζ 1 ω , ζ 2 ϖ 2 λ + 1 , τ ; N Q 0 ω , Q 1 ϖ 2 λ + 1 , λ τ N ζ 1 ω ,   Q 0 ω , τ N ζ 2 ϖ 2 λ + 1 , Q 1 ϖ 2 λ + 1 , τ N ζ 2 ϖ 2 λ + 1 , Q 0 ω , τ N ζ 1 ω , Q 1 ϖ 2 λ + 1 , τ N ζ 1 ω , ζ 2 ϖ 2 λ + 1 , τ ; O Q 0 ω , Q 1 ϖ 2 λ + 1 , λ τ O ζ 1 ω ,   Q 0 ω , τ O ζ 2 ϖ 2 λ + 1 , Q 1 ϖ 2 λ + 1 , τ O ζ 2 ϖ 2 λ + 1 , Q 0 ω , τ O ζ 1 ω , Q 1 ϖ 2 λ + 1 , τ O ζ 1 ω , ζ 2 ϖ 2 λ + 1 , τ .
Which implies that as  λ
M Q 0 ω , σ , λ τ M σ , Q 0 ω , τ 1 M σ , Q 0 ω , τ 1 1 M σ , Q 0 ω , τ , N Q 0 ω , σ , λ τ ; N σ , Q 0 ω , τ 0 N σ , Q 0 ω , τ 0 0 N σ , Q 0 ω , τ , O Q 0 ω , σ , λ τ ; O σ , Q 0 ω , τ 0 O σ , Q 0 ω , τ 0 0 O σ , Q 0 ω , τ .
Therefore, based on Lemma 2, we have  Q 0   ω = σ .  Hence,  Q 0 ω = σ = ζ 2 ζ 4 ζ 2 n ω .  As  ( Q 0 ζ 2 ζ 4 .   ζ 2 n )  is weakly compatible, we have
ζ 2 ζ 4 ζ 2 n Q 0 ω = Q 0 ζ 2 ζ 4 ζ 2 n ω
Thus,   ζ 2 ζ 4 l ζ 2 n σ = Q 0 σ = σ . Similarly, in step (c), it is shown that  ζ 2 σ = ζ 4 σ = ζ 2 n σ = Q 0 σ = σ .  Thus, we have proved that
Q 0 σ = Q 1 σ = ζ 1 σ = ζ 2 σ = ζ 3 σ = = ζ 2 n σ = σ .
Proof of uniqueness: Let  σ be another common fixed point (CFP) of the above-mentioned mappings; then,  Q 0 σ = Q 1 σ = ζ 1 σ = ζ 2 σ = ζ 3 σ = = ζ 2 n σ = σ .
If  ϖ = σ ,   ω = σ ,   ζ 1 = ζ 2 ζ 4 ζ 2 n  and  ζ 2 = ζ 1 ζ 3 ζ 2 n 1  are with  β = 1  in condition (5), we have
M Q 0 σ ,   Q 1 σ ,   λ τ M ζ 1 σ , Q 0 σ , τ M ζ 2 σ , Q 1 σ , τ M ζ 2 σ , Q 0 σ , τ M ζ 1 σ , Q 1 σ , τ M ζ 1 σ , ζ 1 σ , τ ; N Q 0 σ ,   Q 1 σ ,   λ τ N ζ 1 σ , Q 0 σ , τ N ζ 2 σ , Q 1 σ , τ N ζ 2 σ , Q 0 σ , τ N ζ 1 σ , Q 1 σ , τ N ζ 1 σ , ζ 1 σ , τ ; O Q 0 σ ,   Q 1 σ ,   λ τ O ζ 1 σ , Q 0 σ , τ O ζ 2 σ , Q 1 σ , τ O ζ 2 σ , Q 0 σ , τ O ζ 1 σ , Q 1 σ , τ O ζ 1 σ , ζ 1 σ , τ .
Which implies that as  λ
M σ , σ , λ τ 1 1 M σ , σ , , τ M σ , σ , τ M σ , σ , τ M σ , σ , τ , N σ , σ , λ τ ; 0 0 N σ , σ , , τ N σ , σ , τ N σ , σ , τ N σ , σ , τ , O σ , σ , λ τ ; 0 0 O σ , σ , , τ O σ , σ , τ O σ , σ <