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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

Assessment of SARS-CoV-2 Infection, Vaccination, and Immunity Status Among a Population of Dentists/Academic Professors in a Clinical Setting: One-Year Findings

by
Patricia Manarte-Monteiro
1,2,
Gabriella Marques
1,
Dina Alves
1,
Mary Duro
1,
Joana Domingues
1,
Sandra Gavinha
1,2,
Lígia Pereira da Silva
1 and
Liliana Teixeira
1,*
1
FP-I3ID, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Fernando Pessoa, 4200-150 Porto, Portugal
2
RISE-Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Fernando Pessoa University, Fernando Pessoa Teaching and Culture Foundation, 4200-150 Porto, Portugal
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
COVID 2025, 5(8), 120; https://doi.org/10.3390/covid5080120
Submission received: 29 May 2025 / Revised: 27 June 2025 / Accepted: 23 July 2025 / Published: 28 July 2025
(This article belongs to the Section COVID Clinical Manifestations and Management)
Review Reports Versions Notes

Abstract

Background: This study aimed to assess the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection, vaccination, and immune status among a population, both Dentists and University Professors, within a clinical setting at one and at 12 months after COVID-19 vaccination. Methods: A cross-sectional study involving 47 professionals (aged 27–52) was conducted in the University Fernando Pessoa. Participants completed an online survey on SARS-CoV-2 infection status and vaccination, received and provided plasma samples for serological analysis. The protocol was approved by the UFP-Ethics Committee. Anti-S1-RBD SARS-CoV-2 IgM and IgG antibody titration values (AU/mL) were measured, by enzyme-linked-immunosorbent assay (ELISA), with reactive immunoglobulins (Ig) seropositivity for values ≥1 AU/mL. Results: SARS-CoV-2 infection rate increased from 8.5% in July 2021 to 48.9% in June 2022, with 8.5% experiencing reinfection. Vaccination rate was 91.5% by July 2021 and increased slightly to 93.6% by June 2022; 72.3% of the sample received a third dose. IgG seropositivity increased from 91.5% to 95.7% in June 2022. After one-year, significant associations were found between IgG seropositivity and both participant’s age (p = 0.009; <50 years) and vaccine doses (p = 0.003; 1–3 doses) received. Conclusions: SARS-CoV-2 infection rate, vaccination, and IgG seropositivity rates were high and increased over one year. The age and vaccination status were associated with the immunity status at 12th month follow-up. Findings highlight variability in IgG seroprevalence due to multiple influencing factors, which justifies future studies.
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2 infection; SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19 vaccine; IgG antibody; IgM antibody SARS-CoV-2 infection; SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19 vaccine; IgG antibody; IgM antibody

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MDPI and ACS Style

Manarte-Monteiro, P.; Marques, G.; Alves, D.; Duro, M.; Domingues, J.; Gavinha, S.; Silva, L.P.d.; Teixeira, L. Assessment of SARS-CoV-2 Infection, Vaccination, and Immunity Status Among a Population of Dentists/Academic Professors in a Clinical Setting: One-Year Findings. COVID 2025, 5, 120. https://doi.org/10.3390/covid5080120

AMA Style

Manarte-Monteiro P, Marques G, Alves D, Duro M, Domingues J, Gavinha S, Silva LPd, Teixeira L. Assessment of SARS-CoV-2 Infection, Vaccination, and Immunity Status Among a Population of Dentists/Academic Professors in a Clinical Setting: One-Year Findings. COVID. 2025; 5(8):120. https://doi.org/10.3390/covid5080120

Chicago/Turabian Style

Manarte-Monteiro, Patricia, Gabriella Marques, Dina Alves, Mary Duro, Joana Domingues, Sandra Gavinha, Lígia Pereira da Silva, and Liliana Teixeira. 2025. "Assessment of SARS-CoV-2 Infection, Vaccination, and Immunity Status Among a Population of Dentists/Academic Professors in a Clinical Setting: One-Year Findings" COVID 5, no. 8: 120. https://doi.org/10.3390/covid5080120

APA Style

Manarte-Monteiro, P., Marques, G., Alves, D., Duro, M., Domingues, J., Gavinha, S., Silva, L. P. d., & Teixeira, L. (2025). Assessment of SARS-CoV-2 Infection, Vaccination, and Immunity Status Among a Population of Dentists/Academic Professors in a Clinical Setting: One-Year Findings. COVID, 5(8), 120. https://doi.org/10.3390/covid5080120

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