Parallel Outbreaks of Deadly Pathogens (SARS-CoV-2, H5N8, EVD, Black Fungi) around East Africa and Asia in 2021: Priorities for Outbreak Management with Socio-Economic and Public Health Impact
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methodology of the Review and Its Rationale
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Possible Social Complications of Outbreaks in the Near Future
3.2. Impact of Each Outbreak on Public Health
3.3. Present Containment Strategies of All Outbreaks
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Outbreak | 1st Line Effects | 2nd Line Effects | Adverse Effect |
---|---|---|---|
Social | Destruction of social execution Vulnerable groups become helpless Loss of lives Education system collapse | Community imbalance Imbalance of all social activities Unethical activity by vulnerable groups Insecurity on future generation educations | Vulnerable groups victimized Insectary in community Political crisis Destruction of total education systems |
Economic | Scarcity of basic materials including oxygen, medicine, etc. Rise of product prices Country GDP decrease Trading with neighboring country will be disturbed Loss of jobs Unemployment problems increase | Loss of livelihoods Destructions of local supply capacity Country’s economy fall | Increased poverty Higher scarcity of foods Breakdown of financial chain |
Public Health | Health service insecurity Impairment of basic needs of life Health destruction of children and pregnant women Development of prejudice Loss of vision ability | Crisis in health sectors Development of abnormal children Environmental crisis Disruption of working ability | Loss of valuable lives Increase in abnormal mental health Malnutrition Loss of total working ability |
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Khan, A.; Ema, N.T.; Rakhi, N.N.; Saha, O.; Ahamed, T.; Rahaman, M.M. Parallel Outbreaks of Deadly Pathogens (SARS-CoV-2, H5N8, EVD, Black Fungi) around East Africa and Asia in 2021: Priorities for Outbreak Management with Socio-Economic and Public Health Impact. COVID 2021, 1, 203-217. https://doi.org/10.3390/covid1010017
Khan A, Ema NT, Rakhi NN, Saha O, Ahamed T, Rahaman MM. Parallel Outbreaks of Deadly Pathogens (SARS-CoV-2, H5N8, EVD, Black Fungi) around East Africa and Asia in 2021: Priorities for Outbreak Management with Socio-Economic and Public Health Impact. COVID. 2021; 1(1):203-217. https://doi.org/10.3390/covid1010017
Chicago/Turabian StyleKhan, Afroza, Nayeema Talukder Ema, Nadira Naznin Rakhi, Otun Saha, Tamer Ahamed, and Md. Mizanur Rahaman. 2021. "Parallel Outbreaks of Deadly Pathogens (SARS-CoV-2, H5N8, EVD, Black Fungi) around East Africa and Asia in 2021: Priorities for Outbreak Management with Socio-Economic and Public Health Impact" COVID 1, no. 1: 203-217. https://doi.org/10.3390/covid1010017