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Volume 6
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10.3390/disabilities6010010
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Review

Emotional Intelligence Measurement Tools and Deaf and Hard-of-Hearing People—Scoping Review

by
Petra Potmesilova
1,*,
Milon Potmesil
2,
Ling Guo
3,
Veronika Ruzickova
2,
Gabriela Spinarova
2 and
Jana Kvintova
2
1
Department of Christian Education, St. Cyril and Methodius Faculty of Theology, Palacký University, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
2
Center of Evidence-Based Education and Arts Therapies: A Joanna Briggs Institute Affiliated Group, Faculty of Education, Palacký University, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
3
Faculty of Special Education, Leshan Normal University, Leshan 614000, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Disabilities 2026, 6(1), 10; https://doi.org/10.3390/disabilities6010010
Submission received: 5 September 2025 / Revised: 17 December 2025 / Accepted: 8 January 2026 / Published: 16 January 2026
Versions Notes

Abstract

Background: Emotions—including joy, sadness, fear, and anger—are fundamental expressions of human experience. For children and adults who are deaf or hard-of-hearing, emotional experiences and communication can differ due to linguistic and communication-related factors. Methods: This scoping review identifies instruments that are suitable for assessing emotional intelligence in the context of the lived and cultural experiences of individuals who are deaf or hard-of-hearing. A comprehensive search was conducted in April 2024 following the JBI methodology. Results: Out of 3091 articles, 21 studies were included. Two adapted methods were identified: the Meadow/Kendall Social–Emotional Assessment Inventory and ISEAR-D. Assessments supported by sign language revealed no significant differences in age or gender. Conclusions: The authors recommend further development of screening instruments that reflect the specific experiences of the population who are deaf or hard-of-hearing.
Keywords: emotional intelligence; deaf; hard-of-hearing; testing; scoping review emotional intelligence; deaf; hard-of-hearing; testing; scoping review

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MDPI and ACS Style

Potmesilova, P.; Potmesil, M.; Guo, L.; Ruzickova, V.; Spinarova, G.; Kvintova, J. Emotional Intelligence Measurement Tools and Deaf and Hard-of-Hearing People—Scoping Review. Disabilities 2026, 6, 10. https://doi.org/10.3390/disabilities6010010

AMA Style

Potmesilova P, Potmesil M, Guo L, Ruzickova V, Spinarova G, Kvintova J. Emotional Intelligence Measurement Tools and Deaf and Hard-of-Hearing People—Scoping Review. Disabilities. 2026; 6(1):10. https://doi.org/10.3390/disabilities6010010

Chicago/Turabian Style

Potmesilova, Petra, Milon Potmesil, Ling Guo, Veronika Ruzickova, Gabriela Spinarova, and Jana Kvintova. 2026. "Emotional Intelligence Measurement Tools and Deaf and Hard-of-Hearing People—Scoping Review" Disabilities 6, no. 1: 10. https://doi.org/10.3390/disabilities6010010

APA Style

Potmesilova, P., Potmesil, M., Guo, L., Ruzickova, V., Spinarova, G., & Kvintova, J. (2026). Emotional Intelligence Measurement Tools and Deaf and Hard-of-Hearing People—Scoping Review. Disabilities, 6(1), 10. https://doi.org/10.3390/disabilities6010010

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