Occupational Allergies in Dentistry: A Cross-Sectional Study in a Group of French Dentists
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methods
2.1. Study Design and Recruitment
2.2. Questionnaire
2.3. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Demographic and Work Characteristics of the Study Respondents
3.2. Allergies
3.3. Occupation-Related Allergies
3.4. Factors Associated with the Occurrence of Occupational Allergies
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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n (N = 584) | % of the Total Population | |
Gender | ||
Men | 140 | 24 |
Women | 444 | 76 |
Age (years) | ||
<30 | 280 | 47.9 |
30–39 | 160 | 27.4 |
40–49 | 69 | 11.8 |
≥50 | 75 | 12.8 |
Time of Practice (years) | ||
<10 | 376 | 64.4 |
10–19 | 102 | 17.5 |
20–29 | 63 | 10.8 |
Allergies | n (N = 584) | % of Total Population |
Yes | 294 | 50.3 |
No | 290 | 49.7 |
Triggering Allergens | n (N = 294) | % of Respondents with Allergies |
Pollens (e.g., flowers, grasses, trees) | 159 | 54.1 |
Mites | 103 | 35 |
Contact allergens (e.g., nickel, cosmetic product, resins) | 97 | 33 |
Animal dander | 83 | 28.2 |
Food | 75 | 25.5 |
Drugs | 70 | 23.8 |
Professional allergens | 55 | 18.7 |
Venom | 40 | 13.6 |
Molds | 29 | 9.9 |
Allergy to 2 different allergens | 81 | 27.6 |
Allergy to 3 different allergens | 53 | 18 |
Allergy to >3 different allergens | 71 | 24.1 |
Clinical Manifestations | n (N = 294) | % of Respondents with Allergies |
Dermatologic | 207 | 70.4 |
Respiratory | 186 | 63.3 |
Ophthalmologic | 111 | 37.8 |
Digestive | 29 | 9.9 |
Severe (i.e., angioedema, anaphylaxis) | 32 | 10.9 |
2 different clinical manifestations | 61 | 20.7 |
3 different clinical manifestations | 85 | 28.9 |
>3 different clinical manifestations | 26 | 8.8 |
Treatment | n (N = 294) | % of Respondents with Allergies |
No treatment | 135 | 45.9 |
Reliever medications only | 113 | 38.4 |
Maintenance treatment only | 20 | 6.8 |
Maintenance treatment and reliever medications | 32 | 10.9 |
Occupational Allergies | n (N = 584) | % of Total Population |
Yes | 78 | 13.4 |
No | 506 | 86.6 |
Triggering Occupational Allergens | n (N = 78) | % of Respondents with Occupational Allergies |
Natural rubber latex | 52 | 66.7 |
Detergents/disinfectants | 24 | 30.8 |
Resins | 17 | 21.8 |
Professional medications (e.g., eugenol, sodium hypochlorite, sodium hydroxide) | 10 | 12.8 |
Metals | 9 | 11.5 |
Others (e.g., gloves powder) | 8 | 10.3 |
2 different occupational allergens | 13 | 16.7 |
3 different occupational allergens | 7 | 9 |
>3 different occupational allergens | 4 | 5.1 |
Work Stoppage Requirement | n (N = 78) | % of Respondents with Occupational Allergies |
Not requirement | 70 | 89.7 |
Temporary work cessation | 8 | 10.3 |
Definitive work cessation | 0 | 0 |
Maintenance Therapy | n (N = 78) | % of Respondents with Occupational Allergies |
Yes | 27 | 34.6 |
No | 51 | 65.4 |
Antihistamines | 18 | 23.1 |
Desensitization (i.e., allergen immunotherapy) | 6 | 7.7 |
Homeopathy | 7 | 9.0 |
Corticoids | 1 | 1.3 |
>2 treatments | 4 | 5.1 |
Reliever Medications | n (N = 78) | % of Respondents with Occupational Allergies |
Yes | 50 | 64.1 |
No | 28 | 35.9 |
Oral antihistamines | 29 | 37.2 |
Topical antihistamine (e.g., eye drops) | 6 | 7.7 |
Topical corticosteroids (i.e., cream, ointment) | 28 | 35.9 |
Oral corticosteroids | 9 | 11.5 |
Nasal corticosteroids (i.e., spray) | 7 | 9.0 |
Inhaled corticosteroids (i.e., aerosol/spray) | 5 | 6.4 |
Inhaled bronchodilators (i.e., aerosol/spray) | 7 | 9.0 |
Combination of 2 medications | 18 | 23.1 |
Combination of 3 medications | 8 | 10.3 |
Combination of >3 medications | 3 | 3.8 |
Improvement | n (N = 78) | % of Respondents with Occupational Allergies |
Spontaneously | 15 | 19.2 |
With maintenance therapy | 31 | 39.7 |
With reliever medications | 31 | 39.7 |
After remoteness from the work environment, no treatment required | 43 | 55.1 |
After remoteness from the work environment and with treatment | 17 | 21.8 |
Participants with Allergies | Participants with Occupational Allergies | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
% of the Respective Groups | n | % of the Respective Groups | n | |||||
Total population (N = 584) | 50.3 | 294 | 13.4 | 78 | ||||
Descriptive Variables | % of the Respective Groups | n | OR (95%CI) | p-value | % of the Respective Groups | n | OR (95%CI) | p-value |
Gender | ||||||||
Men (N = 140) | 47.9 | 67 | 11.4 | 16 | ||||
Female (N = 444) | 51.1 | 227 | 1.14 (0.80–1.67) | NS | 14 | 62 | 1.26 (0.70–2.26) | NS |
Age (years) | ||||||||
<30 (N = 280) | 46.1 | 129 | 9.3 | 26 | ||||
30–39 (N = 160) | 56.3 | 90 | 1.50 (1.02–2.23) | 16.9 | 27 | 1.98 (1.11–3.54) | ||
40–49 (N = 69) | 53.6 | 37 | 1.35 (0.80–2.30) | 18.8 | 13 | 2.27 (1.08–4.69) | ||
≥50 (N = 75) | 50.7 | 38 | 1.20 (0.72–2.00) | 16 | 12 | 1.86 (0.89–3.89) | ||
Time of practice (years) | ||||||||
<10 (N = 376) | 48.9 | 184 | 12.2 | 46 | ||||
10–19 (N = 102) | 57.8 | 59 | 1.43 (0.92–2.23) | 15.7 | 16 | 1.33 (0.72–2.47) | ||
20–29 (N = 63) | 42.9 | 27 | 0.78 (0.46–1.34) | 17.5 | 11 | 1.52 (0.74–3.12) | ||
≥30 (N = 43) | 55.8 | 24 | 1.31 (0.70–2.49) | 11.6 | 5 | 0.94 (0.35–2.52) |
Occupational Allergy (n) | No Occupational Allergy (n) | OR | 95%CI | p-Value | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
No general allergy (n) | 11 | 279 | |||
General allergy (n) | 67 | 227 | 7.49 | 3.90–14.50 | *** |
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Boudinar, L.; Offner, D.; Jung, S. Occupational Allergies in Dentistry: A Cross-Sectional Study in a Group of French Dentists. Oral 2021, 1, 139-152. https://doi.org/10.3390/oral1020014
Boudinar L, Offner D, Jung S. Occupational Allergies in Dentistry: A Cross-Sectional Study in a Group of French Dentists. Oral. 2021; 1(2):139-152. https://doi.org/10.3390/oral1020014
Chicago/Turabian StyleBoudinar, Lise, Damien Offner, and Sophie Jung. 2021. "Occupational Allergies in Dentistry: A Cross-Sectional Study in a Group of French Dentists" Oral 1, no. 2: 139-152. https://doi.org/10.3390/oral1020014
APA StyleBoudinar, L., Offner, D., & Jung, S. (2021). Occupational Allergies in Dentistry: A Cross-Sectional Study in a Group of French Dentists. Oral, 1(2), 139-152. https://doi.org/10.3390/oral1020014