Human Perception of Birds in Two Brazilian Cities
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Areas and Bird Data
2.2. Assessing Human Perception of Urban Birds
- Describe in one word how you feel about urban birds
- What do you believe is a benefit of birds in cities?
- Do you believe that there is harm caused by birds in cities?
- 4.
- How many different birds do you think you have seen within the urban area of Bauru?
- 5.
- 371 bird species have already been recorded within the entire territory of Belo Horizonte (which includes forested, rural, and urban areas)/ 276 bird species have already been recorded within the entire territory of Bauru (which includes forested, rural and urban areas). How many do you believe are capable of living in the urban area?
- Birds contribute to seed dispersal.
- Birds contribute to plant pollination.
- Birds contribute to the control of pests, insects, and other animals.
- Birds contribute to the prevention of the incidence of diseases.
2.3. Analyzing Peoples’ Perceptions towards Birds
3. Results
4. Discussion
4.1. Social Context
4.2. People Perception of the Importance of Birds
4.3. How People Feel about Birds
4.4. The Importance of Studying Human Perception of Animals
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variable | Cities | ||
---|---|---|---|
Bauru | Belo Horizonte | ||
Gender | |||
Male | 41 (36.6%) | 55 (44.7%) | |
Female | 71 (63.4%) | 66 (53.7%) | |
Other | 0 (0%) | 2 (1.6%) | |
Age | |||
Up to 25 years | 33 (29.5%) | 16 (13.0%) | |
26 to 35 years | 36 (32.1%) | 44 (35.8%) | |
36 to 45 years | 12 (10.7%) | 32 (26%) | |
46 to 60 years | 22 (19.6%) | 17 (13.8%) | |
61 to 74 years | 8 (7.1%) | 14 (11.4%) | |
More than 75 years | 1 (0.9%) | 0 (0%) | |
Education | |||
Elementary and middle school | 2 (1.8%) | 0 (0%) | |
High school | 9 (8.0%) | 4 (3.3%) | |
Bachelor study incomplete | 29 (25.9) | 12 (9.8%) | |
Bachelor study complete | 24 (21.4%) | 36 (29.3%) | |
Master and doctorate degree | 47 (42.0%) | 71 (57.6%) | |
Post-doctoral degree | 1 (0.9%) | 0 (0%) | |
Family | |||
Income | |||
BRL 1000 reais or less | 2 (1.8%) | 1 (0.8%) | |
BRL 1001 to 3000 | 36 (32.1%) | 18 (14.6%) | |
BRL 3001 to 5000 | 29 (25.9%) | 20 (16.3%) | |
BRL 5001 to 10,000 | 25 (22.3%) | 31 (25.2%) | |
More than BRL 10,000 | 16 (14.3%) | 47 (38.2%) | |
No answser | 4 (3.6%) | 6 (4.9%) |
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Graviola, G.R.; Ribeiro, M.C.; Pena, J.C. Human Perception of Birds in Two Brazilian Cities. Birds 2024, 5, 202-216. https://doi.org/10.3390/birds5020014
Graviola GR, Ribeiro MC, Pena JC. Human Perception of Birds in Two Brazilian Cities. Birds. 2024; 5(2):202-216. https://doi.org/10.3390/birds5020014
Chicago/Turabian StyleGraviola, Gabriela Rosa, Milton Cezar Ribeiro, and João Carlos Pena. 2024. "Human Perception of Birds in Two Brazilian Cities" Birds 5, no. 2: 202-216. https://doi.org/10.3390/birds5020014