Possibilities for Using Waste Hemp Straw for Solid Biofuel Production †
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
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- moisture content using the oven-dry (gravimetric) method,
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- content of cellulose according to Seifert using a mixture of acetylacetone and dioxane,
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- content of lignin according to Tappi using concentrated sulfuric acid,
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- content of holocellulose using sodium chlorite,
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- pentosanes using the trihydroxybenzene method,
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- contents of minerals determined according to the DIN 51731 standards.
3. Results
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Analyzed Characteristics | Content (% of DM) |
---|---|
cellulose | 41.23 |
lignin | 14.12 |
hemicellulose | 29.76 |
pentosans | 19.42 |
substances soluble in cold water | 16.24 |
substances soluble in hot water | 19.13 |
substances soluble in 1% NaOH | 43.05 |
ash | 6.58 |
nitrogen | 0.52 ± 0.07 |
hydrogen | 5.66 ± 0.02 |
humidity | 8.5 |
heat of combustion | 18,300 kJ·kg−1 |
calorific value | 17,100 kJ·kg−1 |
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Frankowski, J.; Sieracka, D. Possibilities for Using Waste Hemp Straw for Solid Biofuel Production. Environ. Sci. Proc. 2021, 9, 18. https://doi.org/10.3390/environsciproc2021009018
Frankowski J, Sieracka D. Possibilities for Using Waste Hemp Straw for Solid Biofuel Production. Environmental Sciences Proceedings. 2021; 9(1):18. https://doi.org/10.3390/environsciproc2021009018
Chicago/Turabian StyleFrankowski, Jakub, and Dominika Sieracka. 2021. "Possibilities for Using Waste Hemp Straw for Solid Biofuel Production" Environmental Sciences Proceedings 9, no. 1: 18. https://doi.org/10.3390/environsciproc2021009018