Drought, Live Fuel Moisture Content, and Fire Occurrence: A Case Study in North-Western Sardinia (Italy) †
by
, , , , , ,
Grazia Pellizzaro
*
,
Carla Scarpa
,
Valentina Bacciu
,
Bachisio Arca
,
Michele Salis
,
Liliana Del Giudice
,
Pierpaolo Zara
,
Pierpaolo Duce
,
Roghayeh Jahdi
and
Andrea Ventura
Institute of BioEconomy (CNR-IBE), National Research Council, 07100 Sassari, Italy
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
Presented at the Third International Conference on Fire Behavior and Risk, Sardinia, Italy, 3–6 May 2022.
Environ. Sci. Proc. 2022, 17(1), 24; https://doi.org/10.3390/environsciproc2022017024
Published: 9 August 2022
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The Third International Conference on Fire Behavior and Risk)
According to recent projections about future climate conditions, a general decrease in annual precipitation and an increase in the risk of summer drought is likely to occur in southern Europe and across most of the Mediterranean Basin. These conditions will exacerbate wildland fires, which already represent an important disturbance in Mediterranean ecosystems. Evergreen sclerophyll shrubland, indeed, represents a relevant component of both the Mediterranean vegetation community and understory vegetation, and often constitutes the surface fuels primarily responsible for the ignition and spread of wildland fires in Mediterranean areas. The water content of live fuel plays a critical role in determining fire occurrence and spread, especially in Mediterranean shrubland, where live fuel is often a large fraction of the available fuel which perpetuates the fire. A more severe and/or prolonged drought season could therefore influence the water fuel status and the length of the fire season, and, consequently, cause a general increase in fire danger conditions in the Mediterranean area.
The main aim of this work is to understand the effects of prolonged drought seasons on the fuel water status, fire occurrence, and the fire season length.
The study was carried out in north-western Sardinia (Italy). The moisture content of live fuel (LFMC) was determined periodically over 15 consecutive years on several shrub species. Meteorological variables and the fire occurrence were also recorded over the same period. Relationships between live fuel moisture content dynamics, weather, and different lengths of the drought season and fire season were analyzed.
Our results highlighted that the distribution and amount of rainfall affected the live fuel moisture content. More prolonged drought seasons caused a longer period in which the LFMC was below the critical thresholds for fire ignition and spread. In addition, the years characterized by prolonged summer drought saw a greater number of fires in early autumn.
Author Contributions
Conceptualization, G.P. and A.V.; methodology, G.P. and A.V.; software, G.P., V.B. and C.S.; validation, B.A., G.P., M.S. and A.V., formal analysis, G.P., V.B. and C.S.; investigation, G.P., A.V., P.Z. and B.A.; resources, P.Z., A.V., G.P., B.A., V.B. and C.S.; data curation, G.P., P.Z., C.S. and L.D.G.; writing—original draft preparation, G.P.; writing—review and editing, G.P., A.V., C.S. and V.B.; visualization, G.P, C.S., R.J. and B.A.; supervision, G.P.; project administration, P.D.; funding acquisition, M.S. and P.D. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.
Funding
This research was funded by the Italian Ministry of University and Research (MUR)—“FOE2019—Climate Change: risk mitigation for sustainable development”, grant number: Ministerial Decree no. 856/19, and by the FirEUrisk project of European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme Grant Agreement no. 101003890.
Institutional Review Board Statement
Not applicable.
Informed Consent Statement
Not applicable.
Data Availability Statement
Not applicable.
Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
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Share and Cite
MDPI and ACS Style
Pellizzaro, G.; Scarpa, C.; Bacciu, V.; Arca, B.; Salis, M.; Del Giudice, L.; Zara, P.; Duce, P.; Jahdi, R.; Ventura, A. Drought, Live Fuel Moisture Content, and Fire Occurrence: A Case Study in North-Western Sardinia (Italy). Environ. Sci. Proc. 2022, 17, 24. https://doi.org/10.3390/environsciproc2022017024
AMA Style
Pellizzaro G, Scarpa C, Bacciu V, Arca B, Salis M, Del Giudice L, Zara P, Duce P, Jahdi R, Ventura A. Drought, Live Fuel Moisture Content, and Fire Occurrence: A Case Study in North-Western Sardinia (Italy). Environmental Sciences Proceedings. 2022; 17(1):24. https://doi.org/10.3390/environsciproc2022017024
Chicago/Turabian StylePellizzaro, Grazia, Carla Scarpa, Valentina Bacciu, Bachisio Arca, Michele Salis, Liliana Del Giudice, Pierpaolo Zara, Pierpaolo Duce, Roghayeh Jahdi, and Andrea Ventura. 2022. "Drought, Live Fuel Moisture Content, and Fire Occurrence: A Case Study in North-Western Sardinia (Italy)" Environmental Sciences Proceedings 17, no. 1: 24. https://doi.org/10.3390/environsciproc2022017024
