Achieving Optimal Reactive Power Compensation in Distribution Grids by Using Industrial Compensation Systems
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Investigation of the Reactive Power Potential of Industrial Compensation Systems
- base load consumers within their industrial grid, which obtain inductive reactive power and
- continually switched-in compensation steps of the ICS.
3. A Central Optimal Reactive Power Control Strategy
- transforming the model to an economic optimization by changing the objective function to a minimization of the costs of and setting the compliance of the reactive power exchange as a restriction;
- setting cost limits by modelling additional restrictions;
- using multi-objective techniques; or
- performing economical optimization afterwards.
4. An Application Example
- Analysis of the functionality at steady-state conditions and achieving the reactive power objectives and
- Impact on and compliance of the voltage limitations and load flow capacities.
4.1. Description of the Simulation Parameters
- existence of real measured P- and Q-data with a 10-second resolution for each low-voltage load and generation unit, which are implemented in the grid model.
- The grid topology is a typical medium-voltage ring structure and
- the territory of supply is a rural industry area with high load penetration and a typical environment of the six measured industrial companies
4.2. Presentation of the Achievements
4.3. Review of the Constraints
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Notation | Description | Unit |
---|---|---|
Time-dependent reactive power behavior of plant i at the substation transformer | var | |
Time-dependent reactive power provision of all installed ICSs at plant | var | |
Installed reactive power of all ICSs at plant i | var |
ID | Sector/Type | Max. Measured Effective Power Consumption in kW | in Kvar | Measurement Period in Days | Measurement Resolution |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
B1 | printing company | 2193 | 1000 | 20 | 1-second |
B2 | university | 5872 | 2205 | 22 | 1-minute |
B3 | automotive supplier | 1359 | 1150 | 21 | 1-second |
B4 | manufacturing | 263 | 325 | 22 | 1-second |
B5 | machine building | 1192 | 1150 | 46 | 1-second |
B6 | manufacturing | 7623 | 7075 | 242 | 1-minute |
Minimal Non-Simultaneous Reactive Power Potential | Minimal Simultaneous Reactive Power Potential | Minimal Compensational Effect in Application | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total in Kvar | Total in Kvar | Change in % | Total in Kvar | Change in % | |
Inductive | 636 | 1388 | 118.2 | 1500 | 135.8 |
Capacitive | −5993 | −6955 | 16.1 | −5168 | −13.7 |
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Rauch, J.; Brückl, O. Achieving Optimal Reactive Power Compensation in Distribution Grids by Using Industrial Compensation Systems. Electricity 2023, 4, 78-95. https://doi.org/10.3390/electricity4010006
Rauch J, Brückl O. Achieving Optimal Reactive Power Compensation in Distribution Grids by Using Industrial Compensation Systems. Electricity. 2023; 4(1):78-95. https://doi.org/10.3390/electricity4010006
Chicago/Turabian StyleRauch, Johannes, and Oliver Brückl. 2023. "Achieving Optimal Reactive Power Compensation in Distribution Grids by Using Industrial Compensation Systems" Electricity 4, no. 1: 78-95. https://doi.org/10.3390/electricity4010006